• 보건행정학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.21-42
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• 2008

This study investigates economies of scale, cost complementarity and economies of scope for healthcare organizations using econometric approaches. The economies of scale appear to exist in each service provided by a hospital such as inpatient treatment services, outpatient treatment services, and other patient treatment services, respectively. When we test all services in aggregate level, it also indicates that the healthcare industry on average exhibits the economies of scale of 6 percent, which implies that scaling up hospital sizes will bring substantial cost savings to them Evidence shows that cost complementarity exists between outpatient services and other services for patients and, i.e., these other services for patients experience the reduction in marginal costs as the outputs of the outpatient services increase. For the economies of scope, they are present in most service areas; aggregate level services, outpatient services, and other services for patients, respectively. Inpatient treatment services, however, do not show any evidence of the economies of scope. Results show that the economies of scope are achieved by the general hospital type that provides all service areas such as inpatient treatments, outpatient treatments, and other services for patients. The existence of the economies of scope provides the rationale for extending the existing line of business in a hospital into more diverse areas of services where its benefit comes in the form of cost savings. In sum, it overall provides evidence that the M&As in this industry are encouraged to achieve cost reductions from the economies of scale and scope by changing the size and the output mix.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2009

This study was carried out to evaluate the Life Cycle Cost(LCC) of three types of RTPV(Building Integrated Photovoltaic) systems-Glass plus Granite. Crystalline BIPV and See through Amorphous BIPV-which were vertically installed to generate the same power output(76 kW level). Initial investment costs. cost. savings and maintenance costs had been predicted during the period of analysing the LCC of three types of BIPV(Building Integrated Photovoltaic) systems installed for the purpose of evaluating the LCC. In case of cost savings, it had been analyzed by measuring the amount of electric power generated, reduction in lighting load and heat & cooling loads through simulation. From this analysis, it was predicted that the See-through amorphous BIPV offering cost saving advantages demonstrated the economical efficiency similar to the Class plus Granite when it is backed by more than 20 years of durability.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제62권10호
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• pp.1390-1396
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• 2013

The paper estimated the reasonable market price of lead-acid battery energy storage system (BESS) intended for demand management of electricity customers. As time-of-use (TOU) tariffs have extended to a larger number of customers and gaps in the peak and off-peak rates have gradually risen, deployment of BESS has been highly needed. However, immature engineering techniques, lack of field experiences and high initial investment cost have been barriers to opening up ESS markets. This paper assessed electricity cost that BESS operation could save for customers and, based on the possible cost savings, estimated reasonable prices at which BESSs could become a more prospective option for demand management of customers. Battery scheduling was optimized to maximize the electricity cost savings that BESS would possibly achieve under TOU tariffs conditions. Basic economic factors such as payback period and return on investment were calculated to determine reasonable market prices. Actual load data of 12 industrial customers were used for case studies.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.115-131
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• 2011

Several common issues are encountered by countries - Germany, Japan, and the United States - that adopted long-term care (LTC) system. First, the demand for LTC and its associated costs have steeply risen following the implementation of the LTC policy. Second, ensuring the quality of services have been difficult. Third, the coordination of services among providers and between LTC and medical care has been inadequate. Learning from their experience, we suggest ways to improve the LTC system in Korea. The basic approach aims for efficiency over equity in the system. This would require promoting provider competition and consumer choice. We propose several policy options according to the major stakeholders. For consumers, cash benefits at fixed rates and personal savings accounts are feasible options to self-contain the demand and cost of services. On the insurer's side, creating an environment of multiple insurers will engender competition, leading to cost savings and quality care. For providers, delivery of quality services through competition, cost-containment through capitated reimbursements, and coordination of services through integrated delivery system can be achieved. From the assessors' perspective, establishing an information system to monitor the activities of insurers and providers would be important, empowering consumers with information to choose cost-effective service providers. In summary, the suggested approach would provide cost-effective LTC services by guaranteeing consumer choice and promoting major stakeholder accountability. Further studies are needed to test the feasibility of this model in ensuring quality LTC in Korea.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.251-263
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• 2019

최근 인터넷 미디어 스트리밍 수요의 증가로 인해 CDN(Content Delivery Network) 비용이 크게 증가하였으며 이를 절감하기 위한 방안의 필요성이 날로 증가하고 있다. 이러한 상황에 맞춰 최근 CDN 비용을 절감할 수 있는 WebRTC(Web Real-Time Communication) 표준 기반의 P2P(Peer-to-Peer) 통신을 병용하는 DASH(Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP) 기술이 등장하였다. 본 논문에서는, 전달 이력에 기반하여 피어(peer)를 선택하게 함으로써, 이 기술의 CDN 비용 절감 효과를 크게 개선할 수 있는 새로운 알고리듬을 제안하였다. 또한 실험실 내에서 실제 이 알고리듬을 구현하고 모바일 네트워크 환경과 유사한 환경 조건에서 실험을 시행하여 그 성능을 측정한 결과, 무작위로 피어를 선택하는 기존의 시스템과 비교하여 더 높은 CDN 비용 절감 효과를 달성할 수 있음을 보였다.

• 한국보건교육건강증진학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국보건교육건강증진학회 1999년도 3rd International Symposium
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• pp.107-116
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• 1999

.Half of deaths are caused by life-style related problems in developed nations. .Health promotion can improve life-style and health. .Improvements in life-style and health lead to savings in medical care core costs and enhancements in productivity. .Win-Win-Win-Win : Management, Labor, Employees and Government benefit

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 2000년도 제32회 추계학술대회 정기총회
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• pp.107-114
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• 2000

As one of the strategies to sustain the maximum output with the total minimum cost, huge plants worldwide, such as steel mills, refineries, petrochemical plants, and etc., may and will plan and implement the minimization of operating and maintenance costs for their own. This paper is to review the foreign cases of energy savings through lubrication improvements as one of the actions for that purpose and summarize their directions, and also to look at one such local test case.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.44-49
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• 2015

Ceiling cooling and heating system that consider load arrangement and space in the ceiling needs to be developed. Therefore, experimental and economic changes were done to verify the performance of compact type VAV. The test results were as follow. 1) Noise test result, measuring approximately 50.4 dB~56.6 dB (before ceiling in landfill), had a better ceiling deadline than the current measure, about a 10 dB noise reduction, so that the office baseline (40~50 dB) noise was judged to be less than test. 2) For the static pressure test result, taking out an outside hydrostatic 25 mmAq, 24.8 mmAq was measured, respectively, at the point. 3) For the life-cycle cost analysis result, the initial investment cost, maintenance replacement costs, and maintenance costs increased 0.2%, but the energy savings ratio was 19.5% while the whole life cycle savings of 40 years LCC was reduced 11.9%.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.124-134
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• 2018

모듈러 주택은 많은 장점이 있음에도 불구하고, RC구조에 익숙한 소비자들의 모듈러 주택에 대한 낮은 선호도가 모듈러 주택의 높은 공사비를 초래하고 있다. 모듈러 건축물의 공사비는 RC 구조 대비 130% 전후로 형성되어 있어 모듈러 건축물의 경제성 확보가 시급하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 모듈러 주택의 공종별 절감가능 금액을 산출한 후, 장기적 관점에서의 경제성 분석을 진행하였다. 연구 진행을 위해 모듈러 주택의 내역서를 공장제작분 및 현장설치분으로 분개하여 공종별 발생하는 재료비, 노무비, 경비를 비교 분석을 진행했다. 그 후 파레토도를 작성하여 비용 누계 80% 내외에 포함되는 핵심 공종을 찾아 공사비 절감 가능대상으로 선정하였다. 국내 모듈러 건축의 시장규모가 일본, 유럽 국가 등 모듈러 선진국 수준과 비슷하다는 가정하에 전문가 인터뷰를 통해 모듈러 공법의 특성을 반영한 비용절감 방법을 설정하였고, 모듈러 업체 전문가를 대상으로 한 설문조사를 통해 비용절감 방법을 적용했을 때의 공종별 절감 가능 금액을 산출하고, 총 절감가능 금액을 산출했다. 비용절감 방법 중 '자동화 및 기계화'방법을 적용했을 때의 절감가능성이 1.54%로 가장 큰 것을 알 수 있었고, 국내 모듈러 생산 과정이 전자동화 및 기계화가 된다면 공사비 절감 뿐만 아니라 공기 단축도 기대해 볼 수 있다고 판단한다.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 1995년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.191-194
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• 1995

The business of manufacturing is increasingly becomeing time-compresssing, precise and long-life oiented, owing to various needs form the consumers and harsh global competition. with the emergence of the layer laminate maunfacturing methods, it is possible to prototypes directly from 3D CAD and additive process, the production time and cost have shortened dramatically. However there are some problems like surface-step, dimensional deviation and warp. A newly developed powder casting is suitable for rapid-manufacturing metallic tools. Powder casting can serve as a promising repid tooling method because of high density charateristics and low dimensional shrinkage below 0.1% during sintering and infiltration. By this process, we have realized significant time savings bypassing the wait for prototype tooling and cost savings eliminating the expense of conventional prototype tooling process.