• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.293-301
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• 2001

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of exercise therapy and relaxation therapy on the level of ACTH and cortisol in workers and to determine, from this information, the effectiveness of applied exercise therapy and relaxation therapy as a nursing intervention method for workers experiencing stress. Method: The subjects were divided into an exercise therapy group. a relaxation therapy group, and a control group. The research design was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design (exercise therapy : n=12. relaxation therapy: n=12, control group, the group without exercise or relaxation therapy: n= 12). The subjects in the exercise therapy group were given a particular intensity for each kp over 30 min, bicycle ergometer which uses the LX PE training system before and after four weeks of training. The subjects did 60-70% exercise intensity exercise therapy for eight weeks The relaxation therapy subjects were trained using a modified Jacobson's relaxation technique for eight weeks. The exercise and relaxation therapy groups were trained at the following intensity for eight weeks (3 times/week, 30 min/day). Changes in the levels of ACTH and cortisol were identified. Two-way ANOVA and multiple range test (SNK: Student Newman Keul) were used to examine the effects of exercise therapy and relaxation therapy at four and eight weeks. Result: 1. Changes in the level of ACTH in the relaxation therapy group were statistically significant at .05 level, and were better than that of the exercise therapy group after eight weeks. But there was no significant difference between the exercise therapy group and the control group. 2. Change in the level of cortisol in the relaxation therapy group were statistically significant at .05 level as compared to the exercise therapy group and the control group after four weeks, but not after eight weeks. Also, the relaxation therapy was statistically significant at .05 level after four weeks compared to before treatment, but there was a tendency toward increased cortisol after eight weeks. Conclusion: Relaxation therapy was found to be more effective in stress treatment than exercise therapy and as such is a desirable nursing intervention method for stress hormone reduction in workers.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.249-254
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• 2000

This study was carried out to investigate the possibility of dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate(DHEAS) as a stress hormone. Experiment 1) We evaluated the variation of DHEAS levels of long-term(30minutes a day fur 3 weeks) 37$^{\circ}C$ thermal stressed mice compared with that of cortisol. Serum concentrations of cortisol and DHEAS were measured by radioimmunoassay(RIA). Cortisol levels were not significantly altered both LW(Long-term stressed group, mice were killed without rest) and LR(Long-term stressed group, mice were killed after 4 days' rest) compared with control group, but DHEAS levels were decreased in LW compared with control group(p<0.05), and it kept a sustained difference after 4 days' rest(LR)(p<0.05). Experiment 2) We evaluated the changes of DHEAS levels on term of stress and rest. As stress term was longer, serum DHEAS levels were decreased and also kept a sustained difference after 10 days' rest compared with control group(p<0.05). These results suggest that cortisol has difficulty in taking an accurate measurement after extinction of stimuli, whereas DHEAS is more accurate and stable. Thus, this study implies that DHEAS is a stress-related hormone.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.3833-3838
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• 2010

Brainwave can be the most effective means of detecting the state of the brain that changes moment by moment. Since brain has closed relations with hormones which are a foundation of metabolism, it needs to examine closely the mutual relationship between brainwave and hormone. We examined the possibility to find out such information about metabolism by comparing brainwave with cortisol hormone. The major variables are anti-stress quotient of brainwave and cortisol density which give stress information of the working women, to measure from March 3 to May 28, 2007. To find out the relationship between them, we performed such statistical analysis about the before and after of brainwave training as t-test, correlational analysis and regression analysis. We obtained following results: First, considerable changes of variables is shown by brain-wave training. Second, there exist a correlation between variables. Third, according to regression analysis, influence between variables is verified. Thus, we found that stress information of hormone analytical level can be obtined only through brainwave analysis.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2017.11a
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• pp.240-240
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• 2017

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.301-307
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• 2005

Purpose: To investigate changes in mother's stress, degree of depression and level of milk secretion hormones when the mothers provided massage to their new born babies. Method: The study was conducted with 65 women who had delivered at a convalescence institute in Incheon between Sep 25, 2003 and Feb 10, 2004. The mothers were assigned to a control group or an experimental group. Infants of mothers in the experimental group received massage from their mothers twice a day for 10 days beginning on the 4th day after delivery. The data were processed using $x^2-test$, paired t-test and repeated measures ANOVA using the SAS program. Results: The level of cortisol, a stress hormone and depression were significantly different between the two groups (p=0.01 ;p=0.02). While fur plasma prolactin level, a milk secretion hormone, there was no significant difference(p=0.14). Conclusions: When massage was provided to new-born babies the cortisol level of the mothers decreased significantly compared to the control group which did not receive the massage. As the level of depression of the control group declined as time passed while the experiment group showed no difference and there was no difference in the plasma prolactin level, further study is suggested.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.49-63
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• 1992

In order to study the anti-stress effect of Bunsimgieum, the changes of plasma catecholamine, aldosterone and cortisol levels were measured. In this study author gave immobilization stress to rats, and got the following results: 1. The contents of NE and EPI control group were $2.67{\pm}0.53$, $1.90{\pm}0.22\;ng/ml$, but in sample group the contents were $1.93{\pm}0.67$, $1.15{\pm}0.28\;ng/ml$. The real significance lies in thet only NE show the difference. 2. The contents of aldosterone in control group were $440.69{\pm}37.82\;Pg/ml$, but in sample group $174.64{\pm}42.41Pg/ml$ of aldosterone was measured. The difference was obvious. 3. The cortisol contents in control group were $0.17{\pm}0.03\;ug/dl$, but in sample group $0.28{\pm}0.03 \;ug/dl$ of cortisol was measured. Base on the results above, it may be concluded that Bunsimgieum is effective to prevent to prevent the changes by stress.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.17-23
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• 2010

We isolated warm temperature acclimation-related protein 65-kDa (Wap65) cDNA from the liver of olive flounder and investigated the mRNA expression of Wap65 and HSP70 in olive flounder exposed to osmotic (17.5, 8.75, and 4 psu) and thermal stress (25 and $30^{\circ}C$). The mRNA expression of Wap65 and HSP70 was increased by thermal stress. The mRNA expression of HSP70 was also increased by osmotic stress, whereas no significant change in Wap65 expression was detected. These results indicate that Wap65 mRNA expression occurs specifically in response to increases in water temperature, but not in response to osmotic stress. Plasma cortisol levels were also increased by osmotic and thermal stress. We also utilized the stress hormone cortisol to examine whether Wap65 expression is thermal-stress-specific. Cortisol treatment increased HSP70 mRNA expression in vitro, but had no significant effect on Wap65 mRNA expression. Thus, thermal stress, but not osmotic stress, induces Wap65 expression.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.87-89
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• 1993

Cortisol levels in plasma are known to be as an indication of reproductive and adrenal status of an animal. In this study it has been examined in relation to the oestrus induction by Progesterone oestrogen therapy in 3rd and 4th parity anoestrus animals. Cortisol was found higher in treated animals and levels raised within 6-12 hrs. after hormone therapy followed by elevation in glucose levels and depletion of total serum proteins. It shows the association of induction, occurrence and expression of oestrus with energy demanding metabolic stress in buffaloes.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.109-113
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• 2000

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of short-term thermal stress on the serum concentrations of cortisol and DHEAS in BALB / c male mice. Cortisol and DHEAS concentrations in serum were measured by radioimmunoassay(RIA). We found there were significantly increased in the cortisol levels in 30 min-stressed group(T30) compared with control group(p＜0.01), and then declined without significance in 120 min-stressed group (T120) compared with T30. By contrast, DHEAS levels were decreased without significance in both T30 and T120 compared with control group. Though short-term thermal stress, the continuous decline of DHEAS levels were observed. These results show that short-term thermal stress affects the serum levels of cortisol and DHEAS in mice. Furthermore, we found that DHEAS is a stress-related hormone and will be able to utilize as a stress marker.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.11-16
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• 2018

Purpose: Stress tends to cause sympathetic hyperactivity and increase blood cortisol levels. The vagus nerve is a parasympathetic nerve that is involved in relaxing the body. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve on stress hormone (cortisol) levels and heart rate variability (HRV) in humans. Methods: A total of 10 healthy subjects participated in the pilot experiment. All subjects underwent electrical vagus nerve stimulation for 20 minutes in the cymba conchae of the left ear. An electro cardiogram meter was used to measure HRV. Blood samples were collected and analyzed for cortisol levels. The standard deviation of all normal N-N intervals (SDNN), root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD), low frequency, high frequency, and cortisol levels were compared in pre and post mean values after the intervention. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon's signed-rank test. Results: Coritsol levels were observed to decrease after vagus nerve electrical stimulation. The mean SDNN and RMSSD values were increased after the intervention, but not significantly. Conclusion: Vagus nerve electrical stimulation has been shown to increase the ability of the parasympathetic nerve to adapt to upward regulation and stress. Vagus nerve electrical stimulation could thus be an effective treatment for modern social psychological stress control.