• Title/Summary/Keyword: Cortisol

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Effect of Vagus Nerve Electrical Stimulation to Cortisol Level Control and Heart Rate Variability(HRV) - Pilot Study (미주신경 전기자극이 심박변이도와 스트레스호르몬 분비에 미치는 효과 - 파일럿 연구)

  • Moon, Hyunju;Cho, Sunghak
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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    • v.6 no.3
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    • pp.11-16
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    • 2018
  • Purpose: Stress tends to cause sympathetic hyperactivity and increase blood cortisol levels. The vagus nerve is a parasympathetic nerve that is involved in relaxing the body. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve on stress hormone (cortisol) levels and heart rate variability (HRV) in humans. Methods: A total of 10 healthy subjects participated in the pilot experiment. All subjects underwent electrical vagus nerve stimulation for 20 minutes in the cymba conchae of the left ear. An electro cardiogram meter was used to measure HRV. Blood samples were collected and analyzed for cortisol levels. The standard deviation of all normal N-N intervals (SDNN), root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD), low frequency, high frequency, and cortisol levels were compared in pre and post mean values after the intervention. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon's signed-rank test. Results: Coritsol levels were observed to decrease after vagus nerve electrical stimulation. The mean SDNN and RMSSD values were increased after the intervention, but not significantly. Conclusion: Vagus nerve electrical stimulation has been shown to increase the ability of the parasympathetic nerve to adapt to upward regulation and stress. Vagus nerve electrical stimulation could thus be an effective treatment for modern social psychological stress control.

Evaluation of Salivary Cortisol and Anxiety Levels in Myofascial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome

  • Nadendla, Lakshmi Kavitha;Meduri, Venkateswarlu;Paramkusam, Geetha;Pachava, Koteswara Rao
    • The Korean Journal of Pain
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    • v.27 no.1
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    • pp.30-34
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    • 2014
  • Background: Myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome (MPDS), otherwise called myofascial pain is one of the most common temporomandibular disorders, which in turn is the most common cause of orofacial pain of non-dental origin. Its etiology is multifactorial and still poorly understood. Psychological factors have been shown to play a role in the etiology. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between anxiety and salivary cortisol levels in patients with myofascial pain. Methods: Twenty patients suffering from myofascial pain were recruited as the study group. The same number of age and sex matched healthy individuals were taken as the control group. The salivary samples collected between 9-9:15 am from both groups were analyzed for cortisol levels with the competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Anxiety levels of 40 patients were measured using Hamilton's anxiety scale. Results: The mean serum cortisol level of the MPDS group showed a highly significant difference (P < 0.001) from the controls. The mean anxiety scores of the MPDS group showed a highly significant difference (P < 0.001) from the controls. A positive correlation was found between anxiety and the salivary cortisol levels in MPDS patients. Conclusions: These findings suggest that anxiety plays a vital role in the etio-pathogenesis of MPDS; thus, besides pharmacological treatment, psychological support is also needed.

Effects on the Laughter Score, Cortisol and Immunoglobulin of Laughter Therapy in Middle Aged Women (중년기 여성의 웃음치료가 웃음지수, Cortisol 및 면역글로불린에 미치는 효과)

  • Cha, Mi Youn;Hong, Hae-Sook
    • Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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    • v.15 no.4
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    • pp.230-236
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    • 2013
  • Purpose: In this study, the effects of laughter therapy on a laughter index, cortisol and immunoglobulin of middle aged women were examined. Methods: A quasi-experimental nonequivalent control group pre/post-test design were used. The participants (n=54) included 27 in the experimental group and 27 in the control group. The data were collected from February through March of 2013. The experimental group participated in laughter therapy for 40 minutes per session, five times a week for a period of 2 weeks. The tool was used to measure pre/post-test laughter index, cortisol and immunoglobulin of middle aged women. Results: The results showed that laughter therapy was effective in increasing the laughter index (p<.001), and immunoglobulin IgA (p<.001), IgG (p<.001), and IgM (p=.010). Also, the stress hormone, cortisol of middle aged women decreased but non-significantly (p=.158). Conclusion: The result of the study indicates that laughter therapy may have an influence on nursing intervention and treatment effects to improve the laughter index and immunoglobulin of middle aged women.

EFFECTS OF XYLAZINE (ALPHA 2-ADRENERGIC AGONIST) ON THE STRESS RESPONSE TO IMMOBILIZATION AND HEAT IN RATS

  • Fayed, A.H.;Zakaria, A.D.;Hedaya, S.A.;El-Ashmawy, I.M.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.7 no.3
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    • pp.397-400
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    • 1994
  • The effect of xylazine administration on plasma cortisol, prolactin, glucose and packed cell volume (PCV) responses to immobilization and heat stress was investigated. Immobilization of rats for 2 hours by ligation of the fore and hind legs strongly caused approximately two-fold increase in plasma cortisol and prolactin levels. Plasma glucose and PCV were not significantly changed. Pretreatment of immobilized rats with xylazine (20 mg/kg body weight i.m.) resulted in approximately 20% reduction in both plasma cortisol and prolactin concentrations. A marked hyperglycemia and increase in the PCV value was observed. On the other hand, rats exposed to acute heat stress ($40^{\circ}C$, and 60% relative humidity) for 2 hours, also developed two fold increase in both plasma cortisol and prolactin concentrations and the pretreatment with xylazine caused a 20% reduction in the levels of both hormones. Plasma glucose level was not significantly changed in heat stressed rats but it was markedly increased after pretreatment with xylazine. PCV was significantly incrcased under heat stress and pretreatment with xylazine induced a pronounced elevation in this value. It was suggested that stimulation of cortisol and prolactin secretion in response to immobilization or heat stress can be partially reduced by an alpha 2-adrenergic agonist.

Effects of Electro-Acupuncture(E-A) and Scalp-Acupuncture(S-A) on the Plasma Cortisol in neck, shoulder and upper limb pain (전침(電鍼)과 두침(頭鍼)이 경(頸)-견(肩)-상지부(上肢部) 동통(疼痛) 환자(患者)의 혈장(血漿) Cortisol에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Gwon, O-Seop;Hwang, U-Jun;Na, Chang-Su
    • The Journal of Korean Medicine
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    • v.16 no.2 s.30
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    • pp.312-319
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    • 1995
  • The purpose of this study was to know the difference of the effect between the E- A and the S-A. The 19 patients complaining the pain on the neck, shoulder and upper limb were chosen, divided and controled by two groups; One was the E-A group treated at upper limb meridian point, the other was the therapy group treated by S-A at the scalp and E-A at upper limb meridian point together. In 20 minutes after treatment, the change of plasma cortisol concentration was observed. The results were as follows: 1. In E-A group, there was no significant change of plasma cortisol concentration. 2. In S-A and E-A group, there was significant increase to plasma cortisol concentration. In conclusion, it seems that the increased stimulation by the treatment of S-A and E-A together has close relation with the plasma cortisol concentration. And the further study about the intensity of acupuncture stimulation and S-A is expected.

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Changes of Serum Cortisol Concentrations by Clipping Stress in Dogs (개의 미용 스트레스에 의한 Cortisol농도의 변화)

  • Lee Sang-gil;Hur Ju-hyeong;Yuk Jin-yub;Kang Chung-boo
    • Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.136-140
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    • 2005
  • This experiment is designed to determine the relationship between groomers' activities and stress. The experimenter worked with 2 female dogs and 3 male dogs owned by clients. They were 22 months old on an average and weighed 5.5kg on an average. The concentration of cortisol in blood was measured with radioimmunoassy(RIA). The concentration of cortisol in blood was high in the morning and evening and was low in the afternoon. In a normal condition, the concentration of cortisol in blood was $1.4{\mu}g/dL$, which increased to $4.98{\mu}g/dL$ after 1 hr of grooming, and then returned to normal at the termination of grooming. The survey shows that grooming acted as a stressor, which seems to have an influence on the health of dogs. So it is absolutely necessary that systematic and constant research should be conducted to reduce stress at the time of grooming.

The Influence of Predisposing Factors and Sign of Hypoadrenia on Autonomic Nervous System Activity and Salivary Cortisol (부신기능저하증의 예후인자와 증후가 자율신경 활성도와 타액 코티졸에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Jung-Ho;Kim, Sung-Min;Kim, Ho-Jun;Lee, Myeong-Jong
    • Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.131-142
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    • 2008
  • Objectives : This study was performed to identify the influence of salivary cortisol and HRV(Heart rate variability) on hypoadrenia predisposing factors and sign. Methods : 30 patients with chronic fatigue symptom belonging to Shen xu(腎虛) were recruited for investigation from March to April 2007. The participants were divided into HS(High score) group(n=15) and LS(Low score) group(n=15) in predisposing factors of adrenal questionnaire. At the same time equal patients separated into OH(+)(Orthostatic hypotension positive) group(n=12) and OH(-)(Orthostatic hypotension negative) group(n=18). Salivary cortisol and HRV made use of evaluating hormonal imbalance and autonomic nervous system of hypoadrenia. Results : Salivary cortisol at P.M.4 in HS group was significantly(p=0.011) lower than LS group. And LF(Low frequency) of OH(+) group was considerably(p=0.014) lower than OH(-) group. Conclusions : Shen xu bian zheng(腎虛辨證), measure of orthostatic hypotension, predisposing factors of adrenal questionnaire, salivary cortisol and HRV deserve clinical application for management of subclinical hypoadrenia.

Methodological validation of measuring Hanwoo hair cortisol concentration using bead beater and surgical scissors

  • Nejad, Jalil Ghassemi;Ataallahi, Mohammad;Park, Kyu-Hyun
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • v.61 no.1
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    • pp.41-46
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    • 2019
  • Different methodologies in hair cortisol extraction may alter the final output. Thus finding the standard methodology according to a laboratory facilities is pivotal. This study was carried out to validate the feasibility of two methods of grinding hair for cortisol extraction in Korean native (Hanwoo) cattle. Hair from nine cattle including mature cows, heifers, and calves were assigned to one of the following methods for grinding hair; 1) using bead beater (BB) and 2) using surgical scissors (SS). Hair samples (> 1 g) were harvested from forehead of each individual twice (first and second measurement) to validate the results. To improve the accuracy of the obtained data, each sample was duplicated into two wells during enzyme immunoassay (EIA) analysis. Overall comparison of hair cortisol concentration (HCC) showed that the data within the range (out of the range) of standards provided by the EIA kit were 88.9% (11.1%) and 66.7% (33.3%) for BB compared with SS, respectively. In the first measurement, application of BB was tended to show higher (p = 0.056) amount of HCC compared with SS. In the second measurement application of BB showed higher (p = 0.0028) amount of HCC compared with SS. Among the cattle, calves showed higher HCC using BB compared with SS (p < 0.05). Application of BB in hair grinding methodology for Hanwoo cattle may improve cortisol extraction in comparison to application of SS method, with more consistency. Thus, it would be the preferable method to use.

Associations of Perceived Stress Level, Serum Cortisol Level, and Telomere Length of Community-dwelling Adults in Korea (지역사회 거주 성인의 지각된 스트레스, 혈중 코티졸 수준 및 텔로미어 길이의 관련성)

  • Kim, A Young;Kim, Nahyun
    • Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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    • v.24 no.4
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    • pp.235-242
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    • 2022
  • Purpose: To investigate associations of perceived stress level, serum cortisol level, and telomere length of community-dwelling adults in Korea. Methods: Data of a total of 135 community-dwelling adults aged over 40 years living in D metropolitan city from December 2020 to March 2021 were collected. Perceived stress level over the past month were measured using the Perceived Stress Score. Serum cortisol level was analyzed using a chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay. Telomere length was determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The statistical package SPSS 23.0 was used to perform Chi-square test, independent t-test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis. Results: There was no association between perceived stress and serum cortisol level (r = .07, p= .402). Serum cortisol level was not significantly associated with telomere length either (r = -.15, p= .081). However, the higher the perceived stress level, the shorter the telomere length (r= -.29, p= .001). Conclusion: These results suggest that perceived stress might induce physiological stress, which might partially affect gene biology. Further longitudinal research is needed to investigate the effect of perceived stress on telomere length. Intervention for relieving stress should be included in stabilizing the genetic environment of adults.

Comparison of the Pattern of Changes in Salivary Cortisol by Degree of Burn and CAPS Score (화상 정도 및 CAPS 점수에 따른 타액 코티졸의 변화 양상 비교)

  • Kim, Jin-Na;Kim, Jee Wook;Choi, Ihn-Geun;Chun, Wook;Seo, Cheong Hoon;Kim, Kyung Ja;Lee, Boung Chul
    • Anxiety and mood
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.93-98
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    • 2012
  • Objective : Cortisol, a product of hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA axis), is one of our defensive mechanisms in response to stress. The level of cortisol in the saliva is a major biomarker of the stress response by HPA axis and shows diurnal variation. We measured salivary cortisol level and its diurnal variation to compare the pattern of changes by degree of burn and Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) score. Methods : We measured the salivary cortisol levels of 37 subjects hospitalized in the burn center at our facility from March to June 2012. Salivary cortisol levels were measured at 6 : 00 AM and at 7 : 00 PM. All subjects were tested for CAPS to evaluate the severity of posttraumatic stress disorder and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale to evaluate and to control the coexisting depression. Results : Factorial ANOVA test revealed that there was a statistically significant difference in terms of the effect of the interaction between the degree of burn and the patient's CAPS score. Unlike the mild burn group, in the severe burn group, the patients who had a low CAPS score didn't show a normal diurnal variation and the patients who had a high CAPS score showed the normal diurnal variation. After a few months follow up, we found a greater degree of psychiatric complications in severe burn patients that had a lower cortisol stress response. Conclusion : We suppose that the disappearance of the stress response changes in salivary cortisol seen in the severe burn group may be caused by an impaired stress response. Through followed observation of the subjects, this disruption of cortisol response may cause psychiatric problems afterwards.