• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.189-195
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• 2021

A technology for designing and licensing a dedicated radiation shielding facility needs to be developed for safe and efficient operation an R&D center. Technology development is important for smooth operation of such facilities. Causes of damage to internal structures (such as baffle former bolt (BFB) of pressurized water reactor) of a nuclear power reactor should be analyzed along with prevention and countermeasures for similar cases of other plants. It is important to develop technologies that can comprehensively analyze various characteristics of internal structures of long term operated reactors. In high-temperature, high-pressure operating environment of nuclear power plants, cases of BFB cracks caused by irradiated assisted stress corrosion cracks (IASCC) have been reported overseas. The integrity of a reactor's internal structure has emerged as an important issue. Identifying the cause of the defect is requested by the Korean regulatory agency. It is also important to secure a foundation for testing technology to demonstrate the operating environment for medium-level irradiated testing materials. The demonstration testing facility can be used for research on material utilization of the plant, which might have highest fluence on the internal structure of a reactor globally.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.453-462
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• 1995

사용후 핵연료 저장구조재의 구조적 안정성자 관련해서, 감마선 조사 생성물로 알려져 있는 $H_2O$$_2$를 전해질에 주입시키었을 때, $H_2O$$_2$가 저장구조재인 304L스텐리스강의 부식거동에 어떤 영향을 미치는가를 조사하였다. 실험결과, $H_2O$$_2$는 304L 스텐리스강의 부식전위를 상승시키고 Pitting 전위를 감소시킴으로써 부동태 영역을 줄이고 pitting 저항성을 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 감마선 조사에 의한 부식 거동 변화와 유사한 결과라고 볼 수 있으며, 또한 산소농도증가에 의한 부식거동 변화와 유사한 결과로 해석되었다. 재부동태형성전위가 $H_2O$$_2$의 존재로 증가하는데, 이로써 응력부식균열임계전위는 약간 상승할 것으로 추론되었다. 그러나, $H_2O$$_2$ 농도가 6.3$\times$$10^{-6}$M 이하로 떨어질 경우, $H_2O$$_2$는 부식거동에 영향을 주지 못했다. 이는 대기압상태에서 용존된 $O_2$환원반응속도에 비해 $H_2O$$_2$환원반응속도가 작기 때문이라고 해석되었다. 중성용액보다 산성 및 염기성 용액에서, $H_2O$$_2$가 부식거동에 미치는 영향이 작아졌는데, 이는 산성용액에서는 높은 H$^{+}$ 농도 때문에, 염기성용액에서는 le Chatelier의 원칙 때문인 것으로 해석되었다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.203-214
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• 2023

In this study, the physical properties and fracture characteristics according to the tensile load are evaluated on the materials of the polymeric filler and carbon fiber-based composite sleeve technique. The polymeric filler and the composite sleeve technique are applied to areas where the pipe body thickness is reduced due to corrosion in large-diameter water pipes. First, the tensile strength of the polymeric filler was 161.48~240.43 kg_f/cm², and the tensile strength of the polyurea polymeric filler was relatively higher than that of the epoxy. However, the tensile strength of the polymeric filler is relatively very low compared to ductile cast iron pipes(4,300 kg_f/cm²<) or steel pipes(4,100 kg_f/cm²). Second, the tensile strength of glass fiber, which is mainly used in composite sleeves, is 3,887.0 kg_f/cm², and that of carbon fiber is up to 5,922.5 kg_f/cm². The tensile strengths of glass and carbon fiber are higher than ductile cast iron pipe or steel pipe. Third, when reinforcing the hemispherical simulated corrosion shape of the ductile cast iron pipe and the steel pipe with a polymeric filler, there was an effect of increasing the ultimate tensile load by 1.04 to 1.06 times, but the ultimate load was 37.7 to 53.7% compared to the ductile cast iron or steel specimen without corrosion damage. It was found that the effect on the reinforcement of the corrosion damaged part was insignificant. Fourth, the composite sleeve using carbon fiber showed an ultimate load of 1.10(0.61T, 1,821.0 kg_f) and 1.02(0.60T, 2,290.7 kg_f) times higher than the ductile cast iron pipe(1,657.83 kg_f) and steel pipe(2,236.8 kg_f), respectively. When using a composite sleeve such as fiber, the corrosion damage part of large-diameter water pipes can be reinforced with same level as the original pipe, and the supply stability can be secured through accident prevention.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.245-253
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• 2009

콘크리트 내 철근부식상에 있어 염화물이온의 중요성은 임계염화물농도 (CTL)로서 나타내어진다. CTL은 철근을 둘러싼 부동태피막의 파괴를 유지하게끔 하는데 필요한 염화물량으로 정의되며 염화물량이 CTL에 도달할 경우 철근의 부식은 시작된다. CTL의 중요성에도 불구하고 기존의 콘크리트 구조물의 내구수명 예측을 위한 염화물량은 1 $m^3$의 단위체적당 1.2 kg 혹은 시멘트 중량당 0.4%로서 제시되고 있으며 이는 염해부식환경하의 다양한 환경 인자에 따른 한계치 설정에 대한 불확실성을 고려하지 않은 값이라 할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 부식개시의 지표로서 결합재의 특성에 따른 부식저항성 및 부식진전에 따른 비율에 대하여 실험연구를 수행하였다. 실험시편으로는 직경 10 mm의 원형 철근을 모르타르 내 몰드에 삽입하여 OPC와 40%OPC+60%GGBS, 70%OPC+30%PFA 및 90%OPC+10%의 SF을 치환한 시편에 대하여 W/C=0.4의 조건으로서 실험을 수행하였다. 각 시편에는 다시 10단계 (0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0% by weight of binder)의 내재염분 농도조건을 부여하여 부식전류를 측정하였다. 시편은 28일 양생을 하였으며 수분손실 및 염분손실을 방지하고자 폴리에틸렌 필름을 이용한 도포양생을 수행하였다. 선형분극저항 측정법에 의한 실험결과로서 각 결합재 치환률에 따른 부식임계치가 결정되었다. 또한 OPC, 60%GGBS, 30%PFA 및 10%SF의 혼입치환률을 적용한 시멘트 모르타르의 CTL 값은 시멘트 중량당 1.6%, 0.45%, 0.8% 및 2.15%의 총염화물 농도로 나타나고 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2008년도 춘계 학술발표회 초청강연 및 논문집
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• pp.1195-1205
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• 2008

Composite piles have been used in ground conditions where conventional piles are unsuitable or uneconomical. They may consist of a combination of timber and concrete pile in Europe. One method of doing this was to drive a steel tube to just below water level, and a concrete pile was lowered down it and driven to the required level where corrosion was susceptible in U.K. Recently, a fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composite pile was developed to use in many marine locations for piers and waterfront buildings in the USA(Hoy, 1995; Phair, 1997). A steel composite (SC) pile reinforced concrete spun pile with steel tube was also proposed and used for the foundation acting a high lateral earthquake load. Composite piles have been developed and researched to increase lateral resistance or to prevent corrosion in marine structures. In paper, the composite pile consisting of the steel upper portion and the concrete lower portion is proposed and are carried out several tests to confirm the capacity of the pile such as lateral load test, dynamic load tests and bending test. It is noted that the composite pile would be a economical pile being capable of increasing lateral resistance.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.681-687
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• 2008

이 연구는 적외선 열화상을 이용하여 철근의 부식을 정량적으로 파악하는 기법을 개발하는 것이다. 연구 진행 과정에서 전기적 가열방법이 실험 데이터에 지대한 영향을 끼치는 것을 발견했다. 가열접촉 방법에 대한 여러 실험적 연구를 통하여 실험 데이터의 신뢰성 확보와 효율적인 연구를 추구하였다. 사각어스클램프를 이용하여 철근을 가열하였을 때 철근의 온도변화를 통해 집게어스클램프보다 표면저항이 적다는 것을 입증하였다. 또한 접촉 방법의 표준화를 위해 토크렌치를 활용한 실험을 진행하였다.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.5-9
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• 1999

Effect of sulfur segregation on tertiary recrystallization and magnetic induction during final annealing was investigated in a 3% Si-Fe electrical strip containing 6 ppm(LS) and 15 ppm(HS) sulfur. During final annealing, Auger peak height of segregated sulfur on the surface of the strips reached a maximum, and then decreased to low level with increasing annealing time, which is attributed to sulfur segregation and evaporation. The magnetic induction of the thin-gauged 3% Si strip was inversely proportional to the Auger peak height of segregated sulfur on the surface. The overall profile for surface segregation of sulfur and B10 was observed, irrespective of sulfur content in Si-Fe strips, but the peaks of LS strips appeared earlier than those of HS strips. The grain growth rate of the LS strips during final annealing was faster than that of the HS strips, which may be attributed to the pinning effects of segregated sulfur. With increasing final annealing temperature, B10 value increased rapidly and the saturation level in B10 increased.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.52-61
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• 2021

This study using experimental design and linear regression technique was implemented in order to predict the pitting potential of stainless steel in marine environments, with the target materials being AL-6XN and STS 316L. The various variables (inputs) which affect stainless steel's pitting potential included the pitting resistance equivalent number (PRNE), temperature, pH, Cl^- concentration, sulfate levels, and nitrate levels. Among them, significant factors affecting pitting potential were chosen through an experimental design method (screening design, full factor design, analysis of variance). The potentiodynamic polarization test was performed based on the experimental design, including significant factor levels. From these testing methods, a total 32 polarization curves were obtained, which were used as training data for the linear regression model. As a result of the model's validation, it showed an acceptable prediction performance, which was statistically significant within the 95% confidence level. The linear regression model based on the full factorial design and ANOVA also showed a high confidence level in the prediction of pitting potential. This study confirmed the possibility to predict the pitting potential of stainless steel according to various variables used with experimental linear regression design.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.267-270
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• 2021

Long-term experiments have been conducted on two important safety issues: long-term durability of a concrete barrier with the steel reinforcements and gas generation from low-and intermediate-level wastes in an underground research tunnel of a radioactive waste disposal facility. The gas generation and microbial communities were monitored from waste packages (200 L and 320 L) containing simulated dry active wastes. In the concrete experiment, corrosion sensors were installed on the steel reinforcements which were embedded 10 cm below the surface of concrete in a concrete mock-up, and groundwater was fed into the mock-up at a pressure of 2.1 bars to accelerate groundwater infiltration. No clear evidence was observed with respect to corrosion initiation of the steel reinforcement for 4 years of operation. This is attributed to the high integrity and low hydraulic conductivity of the concrete. In the gas generation experiment, significant levels of gas generation were not measured for 4 years. These experiments are expected to be conducted for a period of more than 10 years.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.66-74
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• 2007

석회암 용식지역 상부에 위치한 주거지역에 대하여 지반침하 안정성을 분석하였다. 석회암지역에 분포한 공동을 조사하기 위하여 전기비저항 토모그래피, 전자탐사를 실시하였으며 지반특성을 규명하기 위하여 시추조사를 포함한 지반공학적인 조사를 실시하였다. 조사 결과를 바탕으로 공동의 형상과 지하수 조건에 대하여 지반침하 분석 및 예측을 위한 수치해석을 실시하였다. 지반침하를 일으키는 주요인은 지하수위의 하강으로 예측되었는데 이는 표토 하부의 지하수위가 감소함으로써 지반의 역학적 평형상태가 교란되고 공동이나 지표면의 침하가 발생해 표토 토양층이 유실되기 때문이다. 석회암 용식지역에서의 지반침하를 방지하기 위하여서는 천부 공동 상부의 지하수위를 지속적으로 유지시키는 것이 필수불가결한 것으로 보인다.