• Water Engineering Research
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.139-148
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• 2001

The teleconnections between El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and droughts in Korea and the continental United States(U.S.) are investigated using cross analysis. For this purpose, monthly ENSO data and Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) for Korea and for seven states in the U.S. are used. This study shows that there are significant statistical associations between ENSO indices and PDSI for Korea; however, the associations are very weak. It is found that dry conditions in Korea are positively correlated with El Nino, while wet conditions with La Nina. SOI, SSt in the Nino 4 and Ship track 6 regions among ENSO indices are more strongly correlated with PDSI than the other ENSO indices when using the original standardized data, but the SST Nino 3, SST Nino 4, and Darwin SSP exhibit abetter correlations with PDSI when using filtered data to be removed autocorrelation components of the original standardized data. The response time lag for maximum correlation between ENSO indices and PDSI appears to be affected by filtering the data. This is expecially true for Korea than for state analyzed in U.S. In addition, it is found that the PDSI in the continental U.S. is more strongly correlated wiht ENSO than in Korea. Furthermore, in analyzing the El Nino and La Nina aggregate composite data, it is found that the dry anomalies in Korea occur from the year following El Nino to about tow years after while the wet anomalies occur from La Nina year for a period of about two years.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.639-651
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• 2009

Purpose: This study examined relationships among stress, stress coping strategies, and somatization in mothers-in-law from multi-cultural families in a rural area. Methods: Elderly mothers-in-law (n=227) living with foreign daughters-in-law completed a self-reporting questionnaire. Data were collected from April to August 2009. Questions related to stress (Visual Analog Scale, VAS), coping strategies (Coping Strategy Scale) for stress, and somatization (Symptom Check List 90, Revised). SPSS/WIN 12.0 program was used for descriptive analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analyses. Results: Subjects had a moderate level of stress (5.03). There were significant differences in stress level according to age, educational level, religion, chronic disease, health status, number of children, agreement of an international marriage of her sons, satisfaction in living with a foreign daughter-in-law, and family conflict. Stress showed a significant positive correlation with offensive coping strategy, passive strategy, and somatization. Stress, offensive coping strategy, and passive coping strategy affected the level of somatization. Conclusion: In a family situation involving co-habitation of mother- and foreign daughter-in-law, increased stress experienced by the mother-in-law can lead to increased offensive and passive coping strategies, and increased somatization. More effective means of stress reduction are needed for mothers-in-law from multi-cultural families.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.355-363
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• 2015

Purpose: This study identified the relationships among subjective health status, wisdom, and self-care agency of Korean older adults. Methods: The participants were 274 older adults from Daegu, aged over 65 years. Data were collected by visiting two social welfare centers, two senior welfare centers, and nine senior centers in Daegu from January 18 to February 5, 2013. Data were analyzed through one-way ANOVA, independent t-test, Pearson's correlation, and stepwise multiple linear regression using the IBM SPSS/WIN 19.0 statistical program. Results: A significant positive correlation was found among older adults' subjective health status, wisdom, and self-care agency. Self-care agency was affected by wisdom (47%, ${\beta}=.55$), the physical component summary (18%, ${\beta}=.31$) and mental component summary (1%, ${\beta}=.12$) of subjective health status, and the absence of disease (2%, ${\beta}=.13$). Conclusion: This study suggests that nursing interventions to promote self-care agency in older adults should be developed based on the characteristics of their subjective health status and wisdom.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.125-129
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• 1994

A field survey was carried out in Korea to assess the mineral composition of rice straw since it is a cheap and available cattle feedstuff. Forage and soil samples were collected in 4 localities in the Kyongbuk province. Soil analysis were also carried out in order to establish the relationships between soil composition and mineral content in the rice straw. Based on NRC tables, the rice straw samples provided adequate amounts of Mg, Ca, K, S, Mo, Mn and Zn. Percentages of samples deficient in P, Na, Cu and Se were 83, 50, 67 and 83 respectively. Soil samples, whose mean pH was 5.8 and mean organic matter content was 3.99%, were comparatively acidic and had high organic matter content. They also had high amounts of extractable Fe and Mn. Correlation coefficients between mineral content in soil and rice straw were low, i.e., 0.42 for Me (p < 0.05), and 0.37 for Mo (p < 0.05). The low or nonexistent correlation between soil and forage composition indicates the difficulty of establishing appropriate methods of mineral availability to the plants.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.46-56
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationships among professional self-concept, critical thinking disposition and clinical competence in nursing students. Method: The participants in the study were 505 nursing students, 262 associate degree nursing students and 243 baccalaureate nursing students, all in schools in Gwangju or South Jeonla Province. A questionnaire survey was conducted from April 25 to May 27, 2011. Statistical processing was performed with SPSS 18.0 Version and the data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Scheff$\acute{e}$ test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple stepwise regression. Results: There was a positive correlation among clinical competence and professional self-concept, critical thinking disposition. The most effective factor for clinical competence was professional practice in professional self-concept, followed by prudence and objectivity in critical thinking disposition. The total explanation of clinical competence was 46.2%. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate confirm that professional self-concept and critical thinking disposition have an effect on clinical competence in nursing students. Accordingly in order to improve clinical competence, it is necessary to provide practice environment and educational curriculum that enhance the professional self-concept and critical thinking disposition of nursing students.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.244-252
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between professional self-concept, nursing performance and retention intention of emergency department (ER) nurse. Methods: Data were collected from a convenience sample of 200 ER nurses who worked in one of 9 hospitals in 2cities. The instrument for this study was a structured questionnaire on professional self-concept, nursing performance and retention intention. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression. Results: The mean score for professional self-concept was 2.52 (0.27), for nursing performance was 2.70(0.31), and for retention intention, 4.87 (1.48). There were significant differences on three variables length of ER career, average income, and satisfaction with nursing. There was a significant positive correlation between professional self-concept and nursing performance, and retention intention. Professional self-concept was the most significant predictor variable. Conclusion: The results suggest that the improvement of ER nurses' professional self-concept will improve their nursing performance and retention intention. Therefore, it is necessary to develop strategies which strengthens professional self-concept in order to improve ER nurses' performance and retention intention.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2003.07c
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• pp.2919-2922
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• 2003

In this paper, we present a new methodology to analyze the characteristics of artery by using 4 channels photophethysmography. The proposed parameter is a time difference of pulse transit time (PTT) between pulse waves at finger site and at toe site. As the results of experiments, the change of parameter was found according to ages. The result of regression analysis about relationships between the parameter and ages for n=51, the coefficient of correlation of non-normalized data has -0.79770 in left side and -0.80599 in right side and the coefficient of correlation of normalized data by height has -0.81345 in left side and -0.81605 in right side.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.150-159
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was performed in order to identify the relationships among self-care behavior, health conservation, and cardiovascular risk factors and to examine the influence of self-care behavior and health conservation on cardiovascular risk factors among Korean elders with diabetes mellitus. Methods: The participants were 105 elders with diabetes mellitus using senior welfare centers and elderly leisure houses in Daegu. Data were collected through interviews during the period from April to May in 2014. Self-care behavior was measured with Kim's (1997) Self-care Behavior Scale, health conservation with Sung's (2005) Health Conservation Scale, and cardiovascular risk factors with the Arizona Heart Institute Cardiovascular Risk Factor Questionnaire. Collected data were analyzed through one-way ANOVA, independent t-test, Pearson's correlation, and stepwise multiple regression using the SPSS/WIN 19.0 program. Results: A negative correlation was found between self-care behavior and cardiovascular risk factors, and between health conservation and cardiovascular risk factors. Self-care behavior explained 6% and health conservation did 49% of variance in elderly diabetes mellitus patients' cardiovascular risk. Conclusion: The results indicate that, in order to reduce cardiovascular risk factors among Korean elders with diabetes mellitus, we need nursing interventions for increasing health conservation and self-care behavior.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.1532-1545
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to identify mental health level, way of stress coping and its influencing factors among undergraduate students using SNS. Data were collected using Korean Mental Health Continuum Short Form scale, and the ways of coping checklist modified from 301 undergraduate students in 4 universities in Busan and through online, and analyzed using descriptive statistics, ${\chi}^2$ test, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficients with SPSS/WIN 21.0. On average, mental health level was 35.6 out of 70 points, and the students using SNS use more active coping than passive coping as way of stress coping. The factors showed significant relationships with mental health were gender, and number of person contacted on offline within online counterparts, and with problem-focused coping were gender, preferred types of SNS, period of use, and hours per day on SNS, with social support seeking were preferred types of SNS, hours per day on SNS, and number of online counterparts, with emotion-focused coping were grade, instruments types for using SNS, and hours per day on SNS and with wishful thought were instruments types for using SNS, and hours per day on SNS. There was a positive correlation between mental health and stress coping type. Based on the results, future research needs to develop positive SNS usage strategies to improve the mental well-being and ways of coping in undergraduate students.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.58-69
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• 2003

The Hemi-sphere projection method produces an image that includes all surrounding visual landscape from a view point. This characteristic can solve the problem of perspective method that has only a limited view angle, and thus can be a potentially effective method for the analysis of visual landscape. This study tried to adopt the hemi-sphere projection method in the evaluation of streetscape, and examined its effectiveness and possibilities. Computer animations using the perspective method and the hemi-sphere method were produced for Bang-Hak Ro, Seoul, and the kames of the animations were reclassed to identify the visibility ratio of physical elements(buildings, sky and mountains). A preference questionnaire was given to 51 university students, and the relationships between the visibility ratio and visual preference were analyzed. The results showed that visual preference of streetscape can be explained by three factors: Openness, Uniformity, and Variousness, accounting for 63.2% of the total variance, and among which Openness showed the highest proportion at 32.1％. The visibility ratio calculated by the hemi-sphere method yielded strong correlation coefficients with Openness, and it was much higher than with the perspective method. The hemi-sphere method also produced significant correlation coefficients about Uniformity and Variousness, but the perspective method could not. The results demonstrated that the hemi-sphere method can provide more accurate observation of visual changes, and that it can be an effective method for the analysis of streetscape.