• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.23-26
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• 2015

Purpose - To mislead shareholders about a firm's actual economic performance, managers frequently manage dividends. Earnings management also affects performance reviews. Managers attempt to manage reported earnings caused by current economic events to accurately reflect their current performance. Research design, data, and methodology - The sample consisted of 312 company-years from companies in the pharmaceutical distribution industry listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. A study period from 2004 to 2014 was selected. In this study, a model for measuring the performance of the net profits to total assets of a division of Jones was used to measure earnings management. Results - This study found a negative correlation between corporate performance and earnings management. Conclusions - The results for the earnings management company indicated a significant inverse relationship. Therefore, the company's performance weakened as its earnings management activity increased. In other words, the results showed that the company's performance-based accruals earnings management, the actual management of profits, and the general level of earnings management had significant inverse relationships. Thus, as the company's profits declined, earnings management activity increased.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.309-316
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• 2020

This study aims to measure the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and affective commitment (ACO), normative commitment (NCO), and organizational performance in food processing enterprises (FPEs) in the Mekong River Delta, Vietnam. To test the initial model proposed in this paper, a total of 422 owners, directors and managers of FPEs were interviewed from some provinces in the Mekong River Delta. The method of exploratory factor analysis (EFA) is initially employed, then confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structure equation modelling (SEM) are used. The results of SEM showed that higher affective commitment was correlated with normative commitment. The results showed that four aspects of CSR toward employees, customers, environment and legal are significant factors. As a result, ACO and NCO act as mediators between CSR and organizational performance. This finding provides strong evidence of the important role of CSR to support positive impacts on ACO, NCO, and orgazational performance (OP). In addition, the success of the organizational performance is also found by contributions of CSR and NCO to its changes. Although ACO does not directly affect performance, it has a positive effect on the NCO. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance the implementation of CSR to promote implementation of organizational commitments.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.117-139
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to examine of transparency and Corporate Social Responsibility(CSR) on financial performance and firm value. The empirical results are as follows: First, we finds that ROA showed significant effect of all transparency measures exception QAS measure and Tobin's Q showed significant effect of CITSA, SCTSA, SETR and SATSA. Second, 'Total-ROA' and 'ROA' models showed significant positive effects of lnCSR(TranD${\times}$lnCSR) and ROA, also 'Total-Tobin's Q' and 'Tobin's Q' model had same results. Consequently, this study results had that The firms with higher transparency and higher CSR exhibit better financial performance and firm value.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.383-411
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• 2010

Climate change and related policies and regulations influence the performance of the firms in various ways. Climate change influences corporate competitiveness through physical impacts, GHG regulations, changes in asset values, demand shift, etc. Therefore, corporate competitiveness could be maintained by reducing vulnerability to climate change and adapting to new circumstances. Without effective responses to the challenges, the firms would have difficulties in maintaining their competitiveness in the market and the cost of national economy will significantly increase as well. Even though it seems fairly easy to understand the meaning of competitiveness, deriving the driving forces of and measuring changes in competitiveness are complicated and disputable processes. A common way to overcome it is to develop a 'competitiveness index'. The objective of this study is to derive the main factors influencing corporate competitiveness related to climate change and develop 'competitiveness index' reflecting those factors. The index will make contribution to enhance the response capacity of the firms to climate change and increase the effectiveness of climate change policies for the industry by providing a quantitative tool to measure the changes in corporate competitiveness related to climate change.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.1-18
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• 2023

Purpose - Using a sample of Korean multinational corporations, we examine whether the relationship between tax risk and the implied cost of capital discriminates between the environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) of highly rated firms. Design/methodology - Firms with high tax risks have an increased uncertainty of future cash flows. Therefore, as the volatility of future cash flow increases, information asymmetry and the required return increases. Highly rated ESG firms can reduce information asymmetry, thereby weakening the positive relationship between tax risk and cost of capital. We employ the standard deviation of the cash effective tax rate as proxy of tax risk. We utilize the ESG rating data of the Korea Corporate Governance Service (KCGS). We use a PEG model, MPEG model, and GM model to measure the implied cost of capital. Findings - We find a positive association between the implied cost of capital and tax risk. The positive relationship between tax risk and the implied cost of capital weakens in highly rated ESG firms. Highly rated ESG firms prefer a stable tax position to invest after-tax cash flows into sustainable management. Therefore, the negative effects of tax risk on cost of capital can be reduced. Originality/value - This study provides empirical evidence that ESG activities can mitigate the negative impact of tax risk on the cost of capital for Korean multinational corporations. In a business environment where ESG activities are more important, the empirical results that ESG activities can reduce the corporate risk of Korean FDI companies are expected to provide implications for the ESG activities of multinational corporations.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.348-357
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• 2020

Discussions on entrepreneurship are increasing, but the methodology that can be applied to actual small to mid-sized businesses and venture firms is insufficient, and research on measuring achievement and application is lacking. In this regard, this paper analyzed actual proof on the relationship among entrepreneurial orientation, R&D capabilities, market share, and the creation of BSC future values that can be empirically applied to small to mid-sized businesses and venture firms. A factor analysis and hypothesis verification have been conducted with the SEM model utilizing SmartPLS 3.0 on the recent 7th year (2017) data from the Human Capital Corporate Panel (HCCP) of the Korea Research Institute for Vocational Education and Training. The actual proof analysis revealed that entrepreneurial orientation creates a positive influence on R&D capabilities and the creation of BSC, and also on market share, with R&D capabilities as a parameter. On the other hand, the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and market share proved to be not statistically meaningful. Future value creation of BSC also could not mediate the relation between entrepreneurial orientation and market share. Therefore, this research has proven that a company must cultivate its personnel's R&D capabilities with their entrepreneurial orientation. Furthermore, it is a significant fact that BSC, the conventional measuring tool for performance management, could not mediate the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and market share. Future companies aiming at innovation should consider developing a new index that could measure the corporate-level entrepreneurship and conduct performance management.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.175-183
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• 2017

In this study, the LINC project is finished and a new LINC+ has begun. For the settlement of mutual cooperation in universities and corporations, the main agenda of LINC+ project, this research attempts to find factors that are important to industries rather than the measurement of performance closely related to universities. From the companies' perspective, it is not easy to measure how much they are benefiting from mutual cooperation, although there are quantitative performance determinants such as sales, employment and export growth. Therefore, while estimating the satisfaction of industrial-educational cooperation and simultaneously estimating the satisfaction's effect to the development of companies, we try to estimate the contribution of satisfaction towards company development through subjective indicators. Through these efforts, we will raise the credibility of government policies through the cultivation of talented individuals who are customized to the industry through the cultivation of "Industry-Leading Universities" that we intend to pursue through the implementation of LINC+ business, and small and medium enterprises. Innovative support and the cooperation of industry-universities will increase job creation and ensure consistent industry. We will contribute to the mutual development of universities and industries.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.801-807
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• 2011

If the System is downed by computer or disasters, it can have a bad influence on the reliability of the corporation and business continuity because all companies are computerized. Accordingly, interest on the business continuity without the loss of data in the corporate is increasing. In this paper, system faults have been defined as physical faults and logical faults and CDP solution using Flash SSD has been proposed for enhancing IOPS which is needed for realtime-backup. In order to measure IOPS performance of the CDP using Flash SSD, we constructed an experimental system. From the results we can see that IOPS performance of CDP using Flash SSD is about 50 times more effective than that of the S-ATA.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.255-285
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• 2012

As the environmental performance is getting important in global automotive industry sector, there is a need to build the intellectual capacity. Hence it is important to measure the performance of the green car patent development of global automotive companies. To do this, we propose to use Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) Model with Analytic Network Process(ANP), which generates weight coefficients of inputs and outputs for DEA-AR(Assurance Region) model. We considered three inputs: corporate asset, R&D expenditures, number of employees, and three outputs: patent counts, patent citations and patent claims. The results showed that our model could measure the potential of green car technology, and we could see the trend of the green car industry sector.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.43-58
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• 2011

Support vector machines (SVMs), a machine learning technique, has been applied to not only binary classification problems such as bankruptcy prediction but also multi-class problems such as corporate credit ratings. However, in general, the performance of SVMs can be easily worse than the best alternative model to SVMs according to the selection of predictors, even though SVMs has the distinguishing feature of successfully classifying and predicting in a lot of dichotomous or multi-class problems. For overcoming the weakness of SVMs, this study has proposed an approach for selecting features for multi-class SVMs that utilize the impurity measures of classification trees. For the selection of the input features, we employed the C4.5 and CART algorithms, including the stepwise method of discriminant analysis, which is a well-known method for selecting features. We have built a multi-class SVMs model for credit rating using the above method and presented experimental results with data regarding S&P 500 companies.