• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.199-208
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• 2022

The world health organization classified the emerging coronavirus (known as Covid-19) as a pandemic after confirming the extent of spread and scale. As a matter of fact, outbreaks of similar scale or even worse have been witnessed throughout history. Thus, the development of prevention strategies exists to protect against such calamaties. One of the widely proven measures that controls the spread of any contagious diseases is social distancing. As a result, this paper will demonstrate the concept of an application "Be Aware" on enabling the implementation of this preventive measure. In particular "Be aware" evaluates the extent of congestion in public places using current time data. The proposed project will use Global Positioning System (GPS), and Application Programming Interface (API), to ensure information accuracy, and the API use Crowdsourcing to collect Real-Time Data (RTD) from the selected places. One line

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2022

Online video telephony systems have been increasingly used in several industrial areas because of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spread. The existing session initiation protocol (SIP)-based video call system is being usefully utilized, however, there is a limitation that it is very inconvenient for users to transmit additional information during conversation to the other party in real time. To overcome this problem, an enhanced scheme is presented based on augmented real-time reality (AR). In this scheme, augmented information is automatically searched from the Internet and displayed on the user's device during video telephony. The proposed approach was qualitatively evaluated by comparing it with other conferencing systems. Furthermore, to evaluate the feasibility of the approach, we implemented a simple network application that can generate SIP call requests and answer with AR object pre-fetching. Using this application, the call setup time was measured and compared between the original SIP and pre-fetching schemes. The advantage of this approach is that it can increase the convenience of a user's mobile phone by providing a way to automatically deliver the required text or images to the receiving side.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.430-440
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• 2022

Shipping companies are key components of the logistics industry, which is extremely significant in enhancing the country's comprehensive national power and promoting global trade development. In the context of the implementation of the new development pattern strategy in China and the impact of the global novel coronavirus (COVID-19), this paper takes 22 Chinese shipping listed companies as the research object and analyses the operational efficiency of them from 2011 to 2020 based on the Super-SBM DEA Model and Window DEA Model. Factors affecting the efficiency are further analyzed with the Tobit model. The research conclude that the operational efficiency of Chinese shipping companies as a whole shows a steady increase from 2011 to 2020. Although most of them are in a relatively ef ective operation state, fewer are absolutely effective companies. Besides efficiency among companies differs obviously, which indicates the potential of further improvement and promotion. What's more, factors such as current economic development level, enterprise size, human resources quality and enterprise turnover speed have significant positive correlation to the operation efficiency of Chinese shipping listed companies, which is significant to improve the operation efficiency of Chinese shipping companies.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.1953-1972
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• 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a profound impact on large-scale gatherings throughout the world. Social distancing has become one of the most common measures to restrict the spread of the novel Coronavirus. Islamic pilgrimage attracts millions of pilgrims to Saudi Arabia annually. One of the mandatory rituals of pilgrimage is the symbolic stoning of the devil. Every pilgrim is required to perform this ritual within a specified time on three days of pilgrimage. This ritual is prone to congestion due to strict spatiotemporal requirements. We propose a pedestrian simulation model for implementing social distancing in the stoning ritual. An agent-based simulation is designed to analyze the impact of inter-queue and intra-queue spacing between adjacent pilgrims on the throughput and congestion during the stoning ritual. After analyzing several combinations of intra-queue and inter-queue spacings, we conclude that 25 queues with 1.5 meters of intra-queue spacing result in an optimal combination of throughput and congestion. The Ministry of Hajj in Saudi Arabia may benefit from these findings to manage and plan pilgrimage more effectively.

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.33-43
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• 2022

We evaluated the problems of the current disaster psychological recovery support system of the Ministry of Interior and Safety for periodic infectious disease disasters, including COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019). The current disaster psychological recovery support systems are challenging to preemptively respond to infectious disease disasters over a wide range and for a long period. These result from the workforce shortage according to the face-to-face consultation method and the limited real-time application of consultation contents. Additionally, due to the workforce shortage, it is difficult to track those who have experienced disasters in the long term. Furthermore, most disaster psychology evaluation tools are for adults, and there are few evaluation tools for children and adolescents. This paper presents an advanced disaster psychological recovery support platform technology that can actively assist people in psychological recovery from disasters while mitigating these issues.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.34.1-34.6
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• 2021

Digital PCR (dPCR) is the third-generation PCR that enables real-time absolute quantification without reference materials. Recently, global diagnosis companies have developed new dPCR equipment. In line with the development, the Lab On An Array (LOAA) dPCR analyzer (Optolane) was launched last year. The LOAA dPCR is a semiconductor chip-based separation PCR type equipment. The LOAA dPCR includes Micro Electro Mechanical System that can be injected by partitioning the target gene into 56 to 20,000 wells. The amount of target gene per wells is digitized to 0 or 1 as the number of well gradually increases to 20,000 wells because its principle follows Poisson distribution, which allows the LOAA dPCR to perform precise absolute quantification. LOAA determined region of interest first prior to dPCR operation. To exclude invalid wells for the quantification, the LOAA dPCR has applied various filtering methods using brightness, slope, baseline, and noise filters. As the coronavirus disease 2019 has now spread around the world, needs for diagnostic equipment of point of care testing (POCT) are increasing. The LOAA dPCR is expected to be suitable for POCT diagnosis due to its compact size and high accuracy. Here, we describe the quantitative principle of the LOAA dPCR and suggest that it can be applied to various fields.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.286-293
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• 2022

Background: The death rate of workers due to industrial accidents in South Korea (3.61 persons in 2017) is higher than the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development average (2.43) and the fifth highest among Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development member countries. Although the pandemic of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has changed, the socioeconomic aspects of Korean society, the number of Koreans suffering accidents and the number of deaths in 2020 have increased. It is necessary to take measures to prevent accidents and make comprehensive efforts to return to work. This study proposes research questions about the effect of workers' positive perception on whether to work after accidents and the impact of the experience of rehabilitation services on the return to work. Methods: This research performed a panel logistic regression analysis using data on workers' compensation insurance in Korea for two years (2018-2019). Results: This research finds that workers' positive perceptions of workability and life satisfaction contributed affirmatively to their re-employment. Several factors related to employment (e.g., work period, the number of job qualifications) also positively affect their return to work. However, the experience of rehabilitation services did not have a significant effect on re-employment. The variables of their health conditions (e.g., disability grade, feelings of health problems, age) negatively influenced their return to jobs. Conclusion: These results suggest the importance of workers' mental recovery and the need to innovate rehabilitation services for their employment. Positive thinking and self-rehabilitation could be critical for workers, parallel with social welfare policies.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제85권4호
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• pp.313-319
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• 2022

Environmental exposure to air pollution is known to have adverse effects on various organs. Air pollution has greater effects on the pulmonary system as the lungs are directly exposed to contaminants in the air. Here, we review the associations of air pollution with the development, morbidity, and mortality of pulmonary diseases. Short-and long-term exposure to air pollution have been shown to increase mortality risk even at concentrations below the current national guidelines. Ambient air pollution has been shown to be associated with lung cancer. Particularly long-term exposure to particulate matter with a diameter <2.5 ㎛ (PM_2.5) has been reported to be associated with lung cancer even at low concentrations. In addition, exposure to air pollution has been shown to increase the incidence risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and has been correlated with exacerbation and mortality of COPD. Air pollution has also been linked to exacerbation, mortality, and development of asthma. Exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) has been demonstrated to be related to increased mortality in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Additionally, air pollution increases the incidence of infectious diseases, such as pneumonia, bronchitis, and tuberculosis. Furthermore, emerging evidence supports a link between air pollution and coronavirus disease 2019 transmission, susceptibility, severity and mortality. In conclusion, the stringency of air quality guidelines should be increased and further therapeutic trials are required in patients at high risk of adverse health effects of air pollution.

• 대한청각학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2021

The scope of teleaudiology has been noted with telehealth due to Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) recently. As the notion has been around us for more than 20 years ever since 1999, it is necessary to perceive the knowledge accurately and prepare for the successful implementation of it. Therefore, the literature review including screening and diagnostic audiometry, cochlear implants and hearing aids, and aural rehabilitation, telecommunications technology regarding several fields of teleaudiology, and considerations for practicing were identified. Although overall internet-based audiological services showed benefits in terms of outcome and accessibility, uncertainties of cost-effectiveness, the optimal level of support, and a need for further studies of many aspects for teleaudiology has arisen. In the view of technology, the store-and-forward (asynchronous/hybrid) and a real-time (synchronous) methods were introduced with one applied and nine registered patents recorded from 2004 to 2020 for the invention of teleaudiology in the United States. Also, 10 checklists were suggested for planning teleaudiology practice from prior experience in hosting the teleaudiology program. Conclusively, it is hoped that this review sheds light on recognizing and improving the existing teleaudiology services and helps overcome the challenges faced in the era of pandemic and untact world to come.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제42권
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• pp.25.1-25.13
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• 2020

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes serious acute respiratory diseases including pneumonia and bronchitis with approximately 2.3% fatality occurrence. Main body: This study argues the main concepts that need to be considered for the gradual reopening of dental offices include treatment planning approaches, fundamental elements needed to prevent transmission of SARS-CoV-2 virus in dental healthcare settings, personal protection equipment (PPE) for dental health care providers, environmental measures, adjunctive measures, and rapid point of care tests in dental offices. Conclusion: This article seeks to provide an overview of existing scientific evidence to suggest a guideline for reopening dental offices.