• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2004.10b
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• pp.448-450
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• 2004

제품 계열 공학 (Product Line Engineering, PLE)은 유사한 도메인에 속한 제품들로부터 공통성과 가변성을 분석하여 재사용 가능한 핵심 자산 (core asset)을 만들고, 만들어진 핵심 자산을 사용하여 어플리케이션을 개발하는 제품 개발 기술이다. 그러나 아직까지는 표준화된 방법론이 존재하지 않아 산업계와 학계는 해당 제품에 적합한 방법론 또는 프로세스의 일부를 선택하는 과정에서 어려움을 겪고 있다. 본 논문에서는 재사용성을 강조하는 PLE 방법론의 핵심 자산 구성 요소를 비교하여, 산업계나 학계가 핵심 자산을 개발하는 과정에서 효율성을 높일 수 있는 방법론을 선택하는데 도움이 되는 기반 연구를 한다. 나아가 본 논문은 비교 기준이 된 요소들과 비교 결과가 PLE 방법론을 표준화하는 과정에서도 사용될 수 있도록 정보를 제공한다.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.233-238
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• 2023

In the Fourth Industrial Revolution era, creative ideas are creating enormous value. This study conducted a case study on curriculum management plans aimed at protecting ideas and their results, recognizing the importance of intellectual property (IP), and cultivating basic knowledge about intellectual property. In particular, this study looked at ways to quickly learn related issues regarding new intellectual property rights related to computer software and artificial intelligence. In addition, research was conducted on ways to learn about efficient protection and utilization of inventions through actual examples. This study checked the importance and necessity of the interaction and communication between instructors and learners through the status of distance learning in domestic universities and a case study of distance learning of convergence subjects. We aim to continuously research effective class management methods and contribute to academic development through case studies of convergence subjects.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.37
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• pp.371-405
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• 2004

International circulation of cultural assets involves numerous countries thereby making an approach based on international law essential to resolving this problem. Since the end of the $2^{nd}$ World War, as the value of cultural assets evolved from material value to moral and ethical values, with emphasis on establishing national identities, newly independent nations and former colonial states took issue with ownership of cultural assets which led to the need for international cooperation and statutory provisions for the return of cultural assets. UNESCO's 1954 "Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict" as preparatory measures for the protection of cultural assets, the 1970 "Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property" to regulate transfer of cultural assets, and the 1995 "Unidroit Convention on Stolen or Illegally Exported Cultural Objects" which required the return of illegally acquired cultural property are examples of international agreements established on illegal transfers of cultural assets. In addition, the UN agency UNESCO established the Division of Cultural Heritage to oversee cultural assets related matters, and the UN since its 1973 resolution 3187, has continued to demonstrate interest in protection of cultural assets. The resolution 3187 affirms the return of cultural assets to the country of origin, advises on preventing illegal transfers of works of art and cultural assets, advises cataloguing cultural assets within the respective countries and, conclusively, recommends becoming a member of UNESCO, composing a forum for international cooperation. Differences in defining cultural assets pose a limitation on international agreements. While the 1954 Convention states that cultural assets are not limited to movable property and includes immovable property, the 1970 Convention's objective of 'Prohibiting and preventing the illicit import, export and transfer of ownership of cultural property' effectively limits the subject to tangible movable cultural property. The 1995 Convention also has tangible movable cultural property as its subject. On this point, the two conventions demonstrate distinction from the 1954 Convention and the 1972 Convention that focuses on immovable cultural property and natural property. The disparity in defining cultural property is due to the object and purpose of the convention and does not reflect an inherent divergence. In the case of Korea, beginning with the 1866 French invasion, 36 years of Japanese colonial rule, military rule and period of economic development caused outflow of numerous cultural assets to foreign countries. Of course, it is neither possible nor necessary to have all of these cultural properties returned, but among those that have significant value in establishing cultural and historical identity or those that have been taken symbolically as a demonstration of occupational rule can cause issues in their return. In these cases, the 1954 Convention and the ratification of the first legislation must be actively considered. In the return of cultural property, if the illicit acquisition is the core issue, it is a simple matter of following the international accords, while if it rises to the level of diplomatic discussions, it will become a political issue. In that case, the country requesting the return must convince the counterpart country. Realizing a response to the earnest need for preventing illicit trading of cultural assets will require extensive national and civic societal efforts in the East Asian area to overcome its current deficiencies. The most effective way to prevent illicit trading of cultural property is rapid circulation of information between Interpol member countries, which will require development of an internet based communication system as well as more effective deployment of legislation to prevent trading of illicitly acquired cultural property, subscription to international conventions and cataloguing collections.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.13D no.1 s.104
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• pp.51-60
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• 2006

Product Line Engineering(PLE) is an effective software development technique which produces applications using core assets. Because of reusing the core assets, PLE can save cost for developing products in a domain but increase reusability. There are about ten PLE methodologies available, but there are not yet common agreements on PLE process and artifacts. This makes developers harder to choose a methodology and to apply it in practice. A comprehensive technical evaluation and comparison on existing PLE methodologies would be essential for practitioners. In this paper, we present a technical assessment of representative PLE methodologies; FAST, SEI SPL, PuLSE, Bosch's PL proceis, FOPLE, ESAPS, KobrA/PoLITe, Alexandria, COPA, QADA. They are compared in the criteria of process, artifacts, instructions, and special features. And we identify common or variable elements between methodologies and confirm elements to be improved in each PLE methodology. The assessment result would be well utilized in defining a practical methodology for PLE projects and in choosing an appropriate methodology among available ones.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.449-459
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• 2006

Product Line Engineering (PLE) has been widely accepted as a representative software reuse methodology by using core assets. As a key element of core assets, product line architecture (PLA) should be generic to a set of applications in the product line (PL). However, the difference between PLA and single system architecture has not been treated well enough, so evaluating PLA still remains as one of the difficult tasks in PLE. In this paper, we identify two intrinsic but overlooked issues in PLA; variability propagation chain and conflicts between architectural elements. And, we present a metric-based methodto evaluate PLA from the perspective of the two issues. We believe that the two issues in PLA and the evaluation method would make designing high-quality PLA more feasible and effective.

• Journal of Software Engineering Society
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.77-89
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• 2011

Software product line engineering is a software reuse paradigm that helps organizations improve software productivity and quality by developing software products from reusable core assets. For the satisfaction of common and variable requirements among products in the product line, the core assets must be configurable according to the selection of variable features. Therefore, unlike software architecture model of a single product, product line architecture model must embed and express variabilities among the products. Many researches have proposed methods of embedding and expressing variabilities in the product line architecture models, but there are few comparative studies on the proposed methods. In this paper we discuss strong points and weak points of the proposed methods and compare expressiveness of the methods, which helps select a proper method.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.757-782
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• 2005

This paper aims to measure the intellectual capital (IC) of the E institute, a typical type of public research institute and to analyse the measurement results. Regarding the research framework, we basically adopted the 'Intangible Assets Monitor' proposed by Sveiby and comprising human capital, structural capital and relational capital. For this work, we firstly identified 37 intellectual capital indicators which are slightly, or sometimes totally, different from ones for private companies in the perspective of their organisational attributes and characteristics. Then, based on these 37 indicators, we measured a current state of the intellectual capital in 2003 and 2004 respectively and identified the range of variation between two years. Through this work, we try to show that the core competitiveness of the public research institute came from not tangible assets such as land, building and facilities, but intellectual capital including human competences, the rational organisational system and the stakeholder's satisfaction. As a result, it may constitute the first time in Korea for the E institute to measure its own intellectual capital for two years as well as to publish the findings of measurement.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.257-269
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• 2021

Intellectual capital is becoming a crucial factor for a firm's long-term profit and performance in the knowledge-based economy as more firms identify their core competence as invisible assets rather than visible assets (Itami, 1987). The company was encouraged to measure financial and non-financial factors, including the customer perspective groups, the internal business process, learning and growth perspective, then to link all these measurements in a coherent system. This paper seeks to investigate the influence of intellectual capital elements on company performance, as well as the relationship among intellectual capital elements from a cause-effect perspective. Resource-Based View (RBV) considers intellectual capital as resource and capability to sustain competitive advantage on company performance. The partial least squares approach is used to examine listed banks in Indonesia Stock Exchange for year 2017-2019. Results show that human capital directly has positive influences on innovation capital, customer capital, and process capital. Innovation capital has positive, but less significant influence on process capital, which in turn influences customer capital. Human capital and process capital also influence customer capital. Finally, customer capital contributes to performance. This study helps management to identify relevant intellectual capital elements as competitive advantage and their indicators to enhance business performance.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.819-826
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• 2021

This study aims to determine the impact of product consumption strategy and financial autonomy on the competitiveness of technology firms in Vietnam. This study employs panel data of 27 technology firms collected from listed financial statements of the business for the period (2010-2019). The study also uses some indicators reflecting the macroeconomic situation of the economy collected from the World Bank. Instead of Exploratory Factor Analysis which has been used before, the study uses the feasible generalized least squares (FGLS) estimation as the main method. The FGLS corrects the variance changes and autocorrelation on the dataset of these Vietnamese technology firms. The results reveal that the strategy of product consumption and financial autonomy positively affect the competitiveness of technology firms. These are also two core factors of the technology industry, which have a strong impact on the increase in the competitiveness of firms. The findings of this study suggest that technology firms do not need to invest in many long-term assets, but mainly in short-term assets in order to quickly respond to the strategies for consuming new technology products of the business. In addition, the increase in Gross Domestic Product per capita also positively affects the increase in the competitiveness of technology firms.

• Journal of Software Engineering Society
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.151-163
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• 2010

In the defense software domain where large-scale software products in various application areas need to be built, reusing software is regarded as one of the important practices to build software products efficiently and economically. There have been many efforts to apply various methods to support software reuse in the defense software domain. However, developers in the defense software domain still experience many difficulties and face obstacles in reusing software assets. In this paper, we analyze practical problems of software reuse in the defense software domain, and define core requirements to solve those problems. To meet these requirements, we are currently developing the Component Grid system, a reuse-support system that provides a developer-centric software reuse environment. We have designed an architecture of Component Grid, and defined essential elements of the architecture. We have also developed the core approaches for developing the Component Grid system: a semantic-tagging-based requirement tracing method, a reuse-knowledge representation model, a social-network-based asset search method, a web-based asset management environment, and a wiki-based collaborative and participative knowledge construction and refinement method. We expect that the Component Grid system will contribute to increase the reusability of software assets in the defense software domain by providing the environment that supports transparent and efficient sharing and reuse of software assets.