• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.193-200
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• 2014

일반성분 중 조회분 함량은 버섯이 균사체 보다 높은 조회분 함량을 보였다. 조단백질은 모든 시험구에서 19% 내외로 나타났고, 조지방 함량은 동충하초 균사체에서 가장 높았으며, 조섬유는 팽이버섯에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 가용성물질소물은 팽이버섯균사체와 동충하초균사체에서 60% 이상의 함량을 나타내었다. 각 시료별 총단백질과 총당의 구성 비율은 팽이버섯과 팽이버섯 균사체의 단백다당류의 구성이 다름을 확인하였다. 시료별 핵산관련물질 함량은 팽이버섯에서 5'-GMP, 5'-XMP, 5'-IMP순으로 높게 나타났고, 팽이버섯 균사체는 5'-XMP, 5'-GMP, 5'-IMP, 동충하초 균사체는 5'-XMP, 5'-IMP, 5'-GMP순으로 높게 나타났다. 모든시료에서 각각 17종의 아미노산이 검출되었다. 각 시료의 총 아미노산 함량을 살펴보면 팽이버섯 18,980 mg%, 팽이버섯 균사체 17,604 mg%, 동충하초 균사체 18,429 mg%로 나타났고 모든 시료에서 glutamic acid 함량이 가장 높았다. 유리아미노산 함량도 구성아미노산과 유사하게 팽이버섯, 팽이버섯 균사체, 동충하초 균사체 순으로 높게 나타났다. 본 실험결과 팽이버섯, 팽이버섯 균사체 및 동충하초 균사체는 핵산관련 물질과 아미노산 함량이 높게 나타나, 아미노산 함유 식품 개발에 적합한 자원으로 활용도가 기대된다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.191-195
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• 2013

Cordyceps militaris (CM) occurring from a fruiting body by a host insect is a kind of mushroom, which is composed of animal host and plant fruit body. CM contains large amounts of useful ingredients including polysaccharides, vitamins, amino acids, minerals, etc. The essential amino acids from CM including cystine, lysine, and methionine can be expected to improve damaged hair treatment as effective ingredients. In this study, the improvement effect of the CM extracts on chemical and physical properties for damaged-hair treatment was investigated. The cysteic acid and cystine monooxide produced by oxidation of cystine were analyzed their chemical structure by FT-IR spectroscopy. It was confirmed that the vibration absorption peak ($1,041cm^{-1}$) of cysteic acid was reduced and increased sulfur content considerably which means meaningful improvement effect on damaged-hair treatment. Apparently, the cuticle morphology of the damaged-hair was improved significantly by treatment with CM extracts. Especially, confocal laser scanning microscope images of the damaged-hair treated with the extract showed highly increased fluorescence intensity which means promising effect in hair treatment. The tensile strength of the damaged hair treated also increased by 168% compared with the damaged hair.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제18권12호
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• pp.1997-2003
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• 2008

Cordyceps militaris is well known as a traditional medicinal mushroom and has been shown to exhibit immunostimulatory and anticancer activities. In this study, we investigated the apoptosis induced by an aqueous extract of C. militaris (AECM) via the activation of caspases and altered mitochondrial membrane permeability in human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. Exposure to AECM induced apoptosis, as demonstrated by a quantitative analysis of nuclear morphological change and a flow cytometric analysis. AECM increased hyperpolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential and promoted the activation of caspases. Both the cytotoxic effect and apoptotic characteristics induced by AECM treatment were significantly inhibited by z-DEVD-fmk, a caspase-3 inhibitor, which demonstrates the important role of caspase-3 in the observed cytotoxic effect. AECM-induced apoptosis was associated with the inhibition of Akt activation in a time-dependent manner, and pretreatment with LY294002, a PI3K/Akt inhibitor, significantly increased AECM-induced apoptosis. The results indicated that AECM-induced apoptosis may relate to the activation of caspase-3 and mitochondria dysfunctions that correlate with the inactivation of Akt.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.47-55
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• 2013

Metabolic alterations of Cordyceps bassiana mycelium were investigated under the following culture medium and light conditions: dextrose agar supplemented with 0.5% yeast extract (SDAY) medium with light (SL), SDAY medium without light (SD), nut medium without light (ND), and iron-supplemented SDAY medium without light (FD). The levels of asparagine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glutamine, histidine, lysine, ornithine, and proline were significantly higher under SD and SL conditions. The levels of most of the alcohols, saturated fatty acids, unsaturated fatty acids, fatty acid esters, sterols, and terpenes were higher under the ND condition than in the other conditions, but beauvericin was not detectable under the ND condition. The FD condition was favorable for the enhanced production of aminomalonic acid, malic acid, mannonic acid, and erythritol. Thus, the metabolic characteristics of C. bassiana can be manipulated by varying the cultivation conditions, rendering this fungus potentially favorable as a nutraceutical and medicinal resource.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.330-333
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• 2015

영지버섯과 기타 약용버섯류를 에탄올 용매로 추출하여 농축한 뒤, $100{\mu}g/ml$의 농도로 처리하여 아질산염 소거능을 실험한 결과 양성대조구인 Ascorbic acid는 25%의 소거능을 보이는데 반해 영지버섯 중 ASI 7080은 40%이상 소거하는 것으로 나타났으며, 그 다음으로는 상황버섯이 37%를 보였다. ASI 7002도 양성대조구보다 높게 나타났고, 그 이외의 다른 실험구는 양성대조구인 Ascorbic acid보다 낮은 아질산염 소거능을 보였다. NO assay 실험을 한 결과, 양성대조구로 쓰인 Ascorbic acid는 항염증 효능이 55%인데 반해 ASI 7002는 78.5%로 가장 높은 항염증 효능을 보였으며, 그 다음으로 ASI 7063이 67.5%를 보였다. 기타 약용버섯류인 동충하초는 71.2%로 가장 높게 나타났으며, 노루궁뎅이 버섯은 59.7%의 소거능을 보였다. 영지버섯 ASI 7002를 에탄올 용매로 추출하여 농축한 뒤, 농도별(10, 50, $100{\mu}g/ml$)로 처리하고 LPS $10{\mu}g/ml$ 처리한 RAW 264.7 cell 에서 RNA를 추출하여 cDNA를 합성한 후 Real-time PCR kit를 이용하여 염증 관련 유전자인 iNOS와 COX-2와 TNF-a의 primer를 Table 1과 같이 제작하였고, iNOS와 COX-2와 TNF-a의 발현정도를 본 결과 세 유전자 모두 농도 의존적으로 발현이 억제되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.377-382
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• 2013

이 연구에서는 동충하초, 영지, 상황 버섯 복합물의 항산화 효과를 평가하였다. 3가지 버섯을 각각 70% 에탄올 추출하여 80:10:10의 비율로 혼합하여 평가를 실시하였다. DPPH radical을 이용한 전자공여능 측정에서는 버섯 복합물이 500 ${\mu}g/ml$의 농도에서 66%의 효과를 나타내었고, ABTS radical cation decolorization 측정은 50 ${\mu}g/ml$에서 73%, 500 ${\mu}g/ml$에서 대조군인 BHA와 유사한 효과를 나타내었다. Superoxide anion radical 소거능 측정은 버섯 복합물 10 ${\mu}g/ml$에서 41%로 대조군인 BHA에 비해 3배 이상의 높은 효과가 있었고, 50 ${\mu}g/ml$, 100 ${\mu}g/ml$에서도 BHA 보다 효과가 높았으나, 500 ${\mu}g/ml$에서는 낮은 효과를 나타내었다. Lipid oxidation 측정결과 $Cu^{2+}$군보다 $Fe^{2+}$군이 지방 산패 억제능이 뛰어났다. SOD 유사활성능 측정은 500 ${\mu}g/ml$에서 13%의 낮은 효과를 나타내었다. 이 결과, 버섯 복합물의 항산화 효과가 아주 우수했으므로, 항산화 소재로서의 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2011

Isolates of Ophiocordyceps heteropoda (Kobayasi) collected from Mt. Halla on Jeju-do, Korea were tested for mycelial growth on different agar media and in the presence of different carbon and nitrogen sources. Similarly, isolates were also incubated at different temperatures as well as under continuous light and dark conditions. Growth was better on Hamada agar, basal medium, and malt-yeast agar, but poor on Czapek-Dox agar. Different carbon sources such as dextrin, saccharose, starch, lactose, maltose, fructose, and dextrose resulted in better growth. Complex organic nitrogen sources such as yeast extract and peptone revealed the most effective growth. Mycelial growth was best at $25^{\circ}C$. The growth rate was faster in the dark than the light, but mycelial density was less compact in the dark.

• 약학회지
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.71-73
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• 2012

Cordyceps militaris, a caterpillar-grown traditional medicinal mushroom, produces important bioactive compounds, cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine) and militarin. Militarin is reported to possess anticancer activities against several tumor cells. An efficient synthetic method of militarin was developed to prepare muti-gram scale sample for bioassay. Militarin was successfully synthesized from commercial starting materials in 5 steps and 29.3% overall yields.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.231-235
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• 2013

붉은자루동충하초의 이용성을 증대하기 위한 기초자료로서 확보하고자 배지종류, 배양법, 산도, 탄소원, 그리고 질소원이 균사생장에 미치는 영향을 4개 균주를 대상으로 재평가하였다. 시험한 8종의 고체배지에서의 균사생장은 배지 종류 및 배양일수에 따라 균주간에 차이가 있었다. 8종의 고체배지 중 PDA 및 MMMA(mushroom minimal medium agar)서 균사생장이 우수하였다. 반면에 8종의 액체배지 중에서는 4개 균주 모두 SDYM(Sabourand's dextrose yeast extract medium) 배지에서 모두 우수한 균사생장을 보였다. 액체배지에서의 균사생장은 pH 4.0에서 pH 9.5 사이의 범위에서 큰 차이 없이 양호한 생장을 보였다. 일부 균주는 pH 8.0에서 pH 9.5의 알카리 조건에서 생장이 양호하였다. 탄소원의 경우 xylose 이용 능력이 균주간에 차이가 크게 나타났다. 질소원 경우에 Urea 이용 능력이 있는 균주가 존재함이 새로이 확인되었다. 이런 결과는 기존에 보고되지 않은 붉은자루동충하초의 새로운 균사생육 특성을 보여준다. 결론으로서 향후 새로운 붉은자루동충하초 균주를 이용하고자 할 경우는 반듯이 사전에 적정 균사생육 조건을 검토하는 것이 필요하다고 사료된다.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.622-631
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• 2006

In this study we purified a fibrinolytic enzyme from Cordyceps militaris using a combination of ion-exchange chromatography on a DEAE Sephadex A-50 column, gel filtration chromatography on a Sephadex G-75 column, and FPLC on a HiLoad 16/60 Superdex 75 column. This purification protocol resulted in a 191.8-fold purification of the enzyme and a final yield of 12.9 %. The molecular mass of the purified enzyme was estimated to be 52 kDa by SDS-PAGE, fibrin-zymography, and gel filtration chromatography. The first 19 amino acid residues of the N-terminal sequence were ALTTQSNV THGLATISLRQ, which is similar to the subtilisin-like serine protease PR1J from Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliase. This enzyme is a neutral protease with an optimal reaction pH and temperature of 7.4 and $37^{\circ}C$, respectively. Results for the fibrinolysis pattern showed that the enzyme rapidly hydrolyzed the fibrin $\alpha$-chain followed by the $\gamma$-$\gamma$ chains. It also hydrolyzed the $\beta$-chain, but more slowly. The A$\alpha$, B$\beta$, and $\gamma$ chains of fibrinogen were also cleaved very rapidly. We found that enzyme activity was inhibited by $Cu^{2+}$ and $Co^{2+}$, but enhanced by the additions of $Ca^{2+}$ and $Mg^{2+}$ ions. Furthermore, fibrinolytic enzyme activity was potently inhibited by PMSF and APMSF. This enzyme exhibited a high specificity for the chymotrypsin substrate S-2586 indicating it's a chymotrypsin-like serine protease. The data we present suggest that the fibrinolytic enzyme derived from the edible and medicinal mushroom Cordyceps militaris has fibrin binding activity, which allows for the local activation of the fibrin degradation pathway.