• 청정기술
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.47-52
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• 1996

인쇄회로기판(Printed Circuit Board) 생산 공정에서 발생하는 동폐액을 재활용, 재이용하기 위하여 유기 용매 추출법을 이용하였으며 유기용매로 Lix 64 N을 사용하였다. 산성인 동폐액과 염기성인 동폐액을 혼합하여 pH=2에서 부피 비율로 30%인 Lix 64 N은 17.1gr/l의 동을 추출하였다. 벤치 규모의 연속공정에서 추출단 4단, 세척단 4단, 역추출단 2단이 사용되었다. 회수된 동은 유산동으로 재활용되고 추잔액은 동부식액으로 재이용되었으며 동의 회수율과 유산동의 순도는 모두 99.9% 이상이었다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제64권2호
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• pp.61-66
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• 2020

In this study, we investigate the structural and electronic properties of copper oxide clusters, Cu_nO_n (n = 9 - 15). To find the lowest energy structures of copper oxide clusters, we use ReaxFF and density functional theory calculations. We calculate many initial copper oxide clusters using ReaxFF quickly. Then we calculate the lowest energy structures of copper oxide clusters using B3LYP/LANL2DZ model chemistry. We examine the atomization energies per atom, average bond angles, Bader charges, ionization potentials, and electronic affinities of copper oxide clusters. In addition, the second difference in energies is investigated for relative energies of copper oxide clusters.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.269-274
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• 2019

$^{64}Cu$ is a favorable radionuclide in nuclear medicine applications because of its unique characteristics such as three types of decay (electron capture, ${\beta}^-$ and ${\beta}^+$) and 12.7 h half-life. Production of $^{64}Cu$ by irradiation $^{nat}Cu$ and $^{nat}CuNPs$ in Tehran Research Reactor was investigated. The characteristics of copper nanoparticles were investigated with SEM, TEM and XRD analysis. The cross section of $^{63}Cu(n,{\gamma})^{64}Cu$ reaction was done with TALYS-1.8 code. The activity value of $^{64}Cu$ was calculated with theoretical approach and MCNPX-2.6 code. The results were compared with related experimental results which showed good adaptations between them.

• 대한방사성의약품학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.54-60
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• 2019

Sentinel lymph node (SLN) imaging plays an important role in surgery of patients with breast cancer and melanoma. In this study, avidin (Av), a tetrameric protein glycosylated with mannose and N-acetylglucosamine molecules, was labeled with $^{64}Cu$ and then evaluated for LN imaging. $^{64}Cu$-Labeled $NeutrAvidin^{TM}$ (NAv), a non-glycosylated form of Av, was used for comparison. 1,4,7,10-Tetraazacyclododecane-N,N',N'',N'''-tetraacetic acid (DOTA)-conjugated Av and NAv were prepared from the corresponding proteins and DOTA-NHS ester, which were then labeled with copper-64 and purified using PD-10 columns. The numbers of DOTA molecules conjugated to Av and NAv were 4.9 and 3.3, respectively. [$^{64}Cu$]Cu-DOTA-conjugated Av and NAv were prepared in 93% and 73% radiochemical yields, respectively. In vitro serum stability study showed that copper-64 remained stable on all radiotracers for 24 h (>97%). MicroPET/CT images showed that high radioactivity was accumulated in LNs within 15 min after footpad-injection of radiotracers. Tissue distribution data of mice demonstrated significantly higher uptake in the popliteal (PO) LN than lumbar (LU) LN for $^{64}Cu$-labeled Av (relative % ID/g excluding the injection sites: 66.2% and 26.0%, respectively) compared with those of $^{64}Cu$-labeled NAv (43.0% and 49.2%, respectively). The results of this study suggest that mannose molecules on Av enabled the radiotracer to retain in the first LN after mouse footpad-injection.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제64권11호
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• pp.1651-1657
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• 2015

In MHz operating wireless power transfer systems, skin- and proximity-effect losses in the transmitter and the receiver coils dominate the coil-to-coil efficiency of the system. A Litz-wire was regarded as a common solution for minimizing such Ohmic losses in high frequencies. In this paper, equivalent series resistances of 12 different cables including Litz-wire and copper tubing have been calculated and measured for a 6.78 MHz, 100W, 30 cm wireless power transfer system. It has been shown that the copper tubing has lower resistances compared to the Litz-wire in that frequency and a wireless power transfer system with the copper tubing was able to achieve much higher efficiency than a system using the Litz-wire. Calculations of the resistances and efficiencies were accomplished with analytical equations and those calculations were evaluated by experimental results.

• 대한방사성의약품학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.129-134
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• 2019

Over a few decades, copper radioisotopes and their chelation chemistry for radiopharmaceuticals have played crucial role in the radiopharmaceutical science area. A variety of chelators have been required for their stable targeting ability in physiological conditions. For radiolabeling with copper-64 into biomolecules, thermodynamic stability, kinetic inertness, pH stability, and redox stability should be considered. In this regard, many researchers have attempted to develop the chelators that can bind with copper more tightly, rapidly and stably for copper radiolabeling. This review discusses the chemistry of copper, its suitable chelators and characteristics, while elucidating the evaluations of each chelator for radiolabeling.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.64-64
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• 2009

As the advanced packaging technology developing, Copper electro-plating processing has be wildly utilized in the semiconductor interconnect technique. Chemical solution monitoring methods, including PH and gravity measurement exist in industry, but economical and practical real-time monitoring has not been achieved yet. Red-green-blue (RGB) color sensor can successfully monitor the condition of $CuSO_4$ solution during electric copper plating process. Comparing the intensity variations of the RGB data and optical spectroscopy data, strong correlation between two in-situ sensors have shown.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제37권10호
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• pp.888-894
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• 1993

아세토니트릴 용액 중에서 copper-1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol(Cu-PAN) 착물의 전기화학적 성질을 순환 전압전류법, 직류 폴라로그래프법, 정전위 전기분해법 및 UV-Vis 분광광도법으로 조사하였다. 아세토니트릴 용액 중에서 Cu-PAN 착물은 3개의 환원파를 보였다. 환원파의 환원전위는 각각 -1.27 V, -1.64 V 와 -2.08 V vs. Ag/AgNO$_3$(AN)였다. 각 환원단계에 관여하는 전자수는 일정전위 전기분해법으로 구하였으며, 전기분해한 전해 생성물의 UV-Vis Spectrum으로부터 전해 생성물을 확인하였다. 이상의 실험 결과로부터 아세토니트릴 용액 중에서 Cu-PAN 착물의 환원 반응기구를 제안하였다.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.55-64
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• 1995

Metallizing method on ceramic surface is one of the compositing technology of ceramics and metal. The purpose of this study is to make HIC (Hybrid Intergrated Circuit) with copper metallizing method of which copper layer is formed on ceramic substrate by firing in atmosphere in lieu of conventional hybrid microcircuit systems based on noble metal. Metallizing pastes were made from various copper compounds such as Cu$_{2}$O, CuO, Cu, CuS and kaolin. And the screen printing method was used. The characteristics of metallized copper layers were analyzed through the measurement of sheet resistance, SEM, and EDZX. The results obtainted are summarized as follows; 1. The copper metallizing layers on ceramic surface can be formed by firing in air. 2. The metallized layer using Cu$_{2}$O paste showed the smallest sheet resistance among a group of copper chemical compounds. And optimum metallizing conditions are 15 minutes of firing time, 1000.deg.C of firig temperature, and 3 minutes of deoxidation time. 3. The results of EDAX analysis showed mutual diffusion of Cu and Al. 4. The kaolin plays a important role of deepening the penetration of Cu to $Al_{2}$O$_{3}$ ceramics. But if the kaolin content is too much, sheet resistance increases and copper metallizing layer becomes brittle.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.560-565
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• 2007

화학환원법을 이용하여 폐동분 수용액에 환원제인 hydrazine을 첨가하여 $0.11{\sim}0.64{\mu}m$ 크기의 Cu 미립자를 제조하였으며, 이 과정 중 hydrazine의 첨가량이 얻어진 분말의 물성에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 또한 분말합성 과정 중 분산제인 polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) 또는 polyvinyl pyrrolidone(PVP) 첨가가 분말의 물성에 미치는 영향도 조사하였다. 1 M 농도의 폐동분 수용액에 hydrazine이 0.8 mol, 1.0 mol 첨가된 경우에는 Cu와 $Cu_2O$의 혼합물을 나타내어 순수한 Cu 분말을 생성하지 못했다. 반면 적당량의 hydrazine(1.2 mol)이 첨가된 경우에는 순수한 Cu 분말이 생성되었다. 또한 얻어진 Cu 분말의 평균크기는 hydrazine과 분산제의 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 감소하였다. 한편 분말의 응집을 억제하는 분산제로서 PVA의 사용이 PVP 보다 더욱 효과적이었다.