• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.46-55
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• 1993

This study investigated the relationships among factors in the caregiving process for caregivers with older parents. A model was presented to help identify some of the dynamics in he family caregiving process Fifty-nine caregivers participated in the study. They were adult chldren who were currently providing care to at least one older parent. Using LVPLS program support for the proposed structural equation model was found through the identification of paths among the variables, The findings indicated that the experience of life events was negatively associated with perceptions and positively with active coping A positive relationship was found between perceptions and active coping. Past relationships had positive effects on perceptions and relationships with parents. Active coping was negatively associated with the relationship with parents. whereas perceptions were not a good predictor for the relationship with parents. The results of the family caregiving process model demonstrated that past relationships and perceptions of caregiving were related to current caregiving experiences with older parents.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1998

The study attempts to examine the moderating effects of social support and self-complexity in coping to the death of spouse among middle and old-aged widows. The important findings from the data based on the sample of 161 widows are (1) age differentiates the types of stress experienced by widows (2) social support and self-complexity may either buffer or intensify depending on the circumstances in which widows reside in the negative effects of stress on psychological health among widows and (3) the moderating role of social support and self-complexity differs according to age of widows with older widows being more affected by these coping resources The results of the study support the assumptions drawn from Life-Course Perspective to explain the coping process to the death of spouse.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.18-32
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• 1994

It is important to understand that patients with hemiplegia are under stress during the rehabilitation process. This study was designed to determine what changes occur in the stress perceived by these patients during the rehabilitation process. and what changes occur in the ways they coped with stress. A decriptive study with a longitudinal design was conducted. A total of 57 patients with hemiplegia who were admitted to one general hospital made up the sample for this study. A questionnaire, observations and interviews were used for the data collection which was done in three phases(within one week after admission : within one week before discharge ; within one month after discharge ). Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA repeated measures of ANOVA, and post hoc paired t -test, Bonferroni correction. The results of this study are : 1. Changes in the perception of stress during the rehabilitation process : There was a statistically significant differencs in the perception of stress among these patients during the rehabilitation process. On the post-hoc test. the perception of stress showed a statistically significant decrease from admission to discharge. The perception of psychological stress was high during the rehabilitation process as compared with the perception of physical and social stress. 2. Changes in the way the patients coped during the rehabilitation process : On admission passive coping was used by most of the subjects(91.2％). Passive coping showed an decrease from admission to discharge, but an increase from discharge to follow-up at one month post discharge. There was, however, no statistically significant changes in the way the patients coped during the rehabilitation process. 3. Changes in perception of stress during the rehabilitation process according to variables. Perception of stress among patients classified as So-Um was higher during the rehabilitation process, when compared with patients classified as So- Yang and Tae-Um. There was, however, no statistically significant difference in perception of stress over time. The patients with right sided paralysis perceived higher stress than those with left sided paralysis. There was, however, no statistically significant difference in perception of stress over time. Hence, stress was not influenced by which side was paralyzed th frequency of the relapse of the disease, or the time in the rehabilitation process. 4. Changes in coping during the rehabilitation process according to variables. There was a statistically significant difference in the way the patients coped at follow- up according to the three different kinds of the constitution groups. In other words, coping was not used by patients classified as Tae-Um but was used by those classified as So-Um. On the repeated measures of ANOVA, there was a statstically significant difference in stress over time, and an interaction between constitution and time. But the way of coping during the rehabilitation process was not influenced by which side was paralyzed nor by the frequency of the relapse of the disease. In conclusion, perception of psychological stress was high during the rehabilitation process, as compared to perception of physical and social stress. There was a statistcally significant difference in the perception of stress over time, Perception of stress showed a gradual decrease from over admission to follow-up period. There was. however, no statistically significant difference in the way of coping over time. Passive coping was used by most of patients. In the study, these findings suggest a need for nursing care related to the psychological support for patients with hemiplegia both in the hospital as well as at home, and the need for education and counseling on independent self-care to help the hemiplegic patients adapt to stress using active coping.

• 대한간호
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.73-88
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• 1990

This study was done in order to identify symptoms of grief and patterns of coping in mothers of chronically ill children. Nurses, as health professionals, must understand helpful coping methods for mothers who have chronically ill children. Based on this knowledge, nurses can develop appropriate nursing intervention strategies, and so help the mothers to develop effective ways of coping and give support to mothers with chronically ill children in process of coping with this grief. The research questions guiding this research were: 1. what type of grief does the mother have at the time of child's diagnosis and at present\ulcorner 2. what are the problems confronting the mother 3. what are the coping patterns of the mother\ulcorner 4. is there a difference according to child's diagnosis in the mother's grief and coping pattern\ulcorner The subject for this study were obtained by taking a convenience sample of 120 mothers with a chronically ill child. Interviews took place in four medical school hospitals and one medical center in Seoul from March 19th to May 16th 1990. The tools used in this study were Mcfarlan's(1983), Grief contents, Folkman & Lazarus(1983), Ways of Coping and Hymovich's (1983) the Chronicity Impact and Coping Instrument. The findings were as follows; 1. Grief items had a maximum score of three points. The highest item scrores at the time of diagnosis, were in order, heart broken, talkative, and could not do anything, at the present, 'talkative', 'heart broken' and 'busy myself with other things'. 2. The problems confronting the mothers were 'worry about ill child's future', 'her responsibilities in taking care of the ill child.' 3. Most of the mothers used similar ways of coping, that is 'problem focused coping', 'detachment', 'wishful thinking', 'seeking social support" and 'focusing on the positive and hardly any of them used 'tension reduction'. 4. There was a sinificant difference in coping methods according to the childs diagnosis, leukemia, cancer hemophillia and nephrotic syndrome. The most frequently used coping method was detachment, especially for the mother of the child with. 5. At the time of diagnosis there was a positive correlation between the level of grief and the coping method of detachment and seeking social support.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.5063-5069
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• 2014

Background: Cancer is a disease which affects not only patients but also their families physically and emotionally. The purpose of this study was to determine the needs, challenges and ways of coping of caregivers of cancer patients. Materials and Methods: In the study, a phenomenological approach was used. Data were collected through semi-structured individual interviews. The study sample comprised 16 family members providing care for a cancer patient. Results: The study findings are grouped under four main themes: the impact of caregiving, masking feelings, experienced challenges and expectations, and coping. During the caregiving process, patient relatives are affected physiologically, psychologically and socially. It was determined that patient relatives hid their feelings and avoided talking about the disease for fear that they might upset the patient, and that they had difficulty in coping with the patient's reactions during the treatment process. Family members had difficulties arising from the health system, hospital conditions and treatment in addition to transportation and financial problems. Support is very important in coping, but it was determined that some of the relatives of patients did not receive adequate support. Patient relatives expect that health care professionals should provide them with more information about their patient's condition and the course of the disease that their patients should be dealt with by the physicians specialized in cancer, and that psychological support should be provided both for them and for their patient. Conclusions: During the caregiving process, family members are faced with many difficulties and they exhibit different coping behaviors which health care professionals should take into account.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.240-248
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• 2000

Nurses working with families who has a hospitalized child are aware of the complexity of the tasks and stresses they deal with new setting of environment. The challenge is to assess the family coping activity that require the most immediate intervention for the effective nursing care for child and family. This study describe the family coping inventory for the clinical guidance to identify a family coping with stressors. The purpose of this study was to look at the factors related to the family's coping activity when the child was hospitalized. The data were collected with a questionnaire between July and August, 1999, in a sample of 106 families who have hospitalized child. Family coping was assessed using Family Crisis Oriented Personal Evaluation Scale(F-COPES). Data was analyzed using correlation coefficient and analysis of variance. Positive correlation was found between social support, reframe with mobilizing the family to acquire and accept help in sub-domain of family coping. Strongest correlation existed between the family's spiritual support and total family coping. The type of diagnosis, the level of family income, religion, and child's age were significantly different in family coping. The result show that the family coping is affected by the characteristics of child and family, as well as the factors of coping activity. Therefore, early assessment of family coping skill and activity is important to the prevention of problem with function toward wholeness as a unit and child's well being. It can be used with a broad range of child's hospitalization process. It also serve as a nursing record and planning tool for documenting issues that may become priorities for future interventions.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.58-66
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• 2017

Purpose: This study was to investigate the effects of communication styles and stress coping on college adaptation in nursing students. Methods: The data was collected by questionnaires from 180 nursing students in a university in Gyeongsan, Korea. The data were analyzed with the SPSS/Win 23.0 program, using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, and multiple logistic regression. Results: A positive correlation was found for college adaptation with a functional communication pattern such as leveling stance (r=.36, p<.001) and stress coping (r=.39, p<.001). With more using of functional communication and with higher level of active coping of stress coping, nursing students appeared to more successfully adaptation to college life. It was also found that an explanatory power for college adaptation of these factors was 29.8% (F=20.01, p<.001). Conclusion: The study results indicate that it is necessary to develop various programs that can improve effective communication and active coping of stress coping of nursing students in order to enhance the adaptation process to college life.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.233-246
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• 1996

성인의 스트레스에 관해서는 많은 연구가 존재하지만, 청소년의 스트레스에 관해서는 포괄적인 연구가 아직 부족한 단계이다. 성인과는 다른 발달과업을 가지고 있고, 더구나 학교라는 구조적 환경 내에서 생활의 대부분을 보내기 때문에. 청소년의 스트레스에 관한 연구는 더욱 필요하다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 청소년들이 현재 느끼는 스트레스의 종류와, 그에 대한 대처 행동의 기제를 경험적 조사를 통해서 알아보고자 하였다. 기존의 스트레스 연구들이 구조적 변인에 관해서만 다루거나, 혹은 구조적 변인마저도 과정적 관점에서 다루려고 하는 경우가 많았기 때문에, 사회적 지지 정도에 관한 지각을 구조적 변인으로, 인지적 평가에 관한 부분을 과정적 변인으로 가정하여 대처 행동과 맺고 있는 관련을 측정하였다. 서울 시내 고교 2년생 519명에 대한 설문 조사 결과, 인지적 평가는 스트레스 상황에 따라서 달라지는 과정적 변인임이, 그리고 지각된 사회적 지지는 스트레스 유형에 대해서 독립적인 구조 변인인 것이 확증되었다. 인지적 평가는 대처 행동보다는 스트레스에 관한 질적 평가과정에 더 많은 관련을 가지고 있었고, 지각된 사회적 지지는 평가와 행동에 모두 영향을 미치는 중요한 구조 변인인 것으로 나타났다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.3143-3149
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• 2013

Background: Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among women in Turkey and around the world. Treatment adversely affects women's physical, psychological, and social conditions. The purpose of this study was to identify the experiences of Turkish women with breast cancer and the facilitating coping factors when they receive chemotherapy. Methods: A phenomenological approach was used to explain the experiences and facilitating factors of breast cancer patients during the treatment period. Data were collected through individual semi-structured interviews. The sample comprised 11 women with breast cancer receiving treatment. Results: At the end of the interviews conducted with women with breast cancer, two main themes were identified: adjustment and facilitating coping factors. The adjustment main theme had two sub-themes: strains and coping. Women with breast cancer suffer physical and psychological strains as well as stress related to social and health systems. While coping with these situations, they receive social support, turn to spirituality and make new senses of their lives. The facilitating coping factors main theme had four sub-themes: social support, disease-related factors, treatment-related factors and relationships with nurses. It has been determined that women receiving good social support, having undergone preventive breast surgery and/or getting attention and affection from nurses can cope with breast cancer more easily. Conclusions: Women with breast cancer have difficulty in all areas of their lives in the course of the disease and during the treatment process. Therefore, nurses should provide holistic care, teaching patients how to cope with the new situation and supporting them spiritually. Since family support is very important in Turkish culture, patients' relatives should be informed and supported at every stage of the treatment.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.351-361
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• 2003

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to understand the types of coping strategies that family caregivers experience during the process of caring demented elderly: to grasp the coping strategies used for resolving this problem: and to develop a substantive theory by analyzing the coping types of the family caregivers of demented elderly. Method: The methodology of data collection and analysis used in this study was grounded theory proposed by Strauss and Corbin (1990). The data was collected through in-depth interviews with participants using open-ended and descriptive questions about their coping experiences. All data were were audio-taped and transcribed. The data were collected from February, 2000 to February, 2001. The participants of this study were 17 women. Results: Caregiver's coping types varied according to 'family's support', 'the condition of caregiver's health', 'the relationship with dementia elderly', 'family perception of dementia', 'fixed idea of traditional female role' and 'economic state'. In this study, five types of coping strategies were emerged: active role allotment tyle, meaning grant tyle, devotion tyle, duty defense type, and pessimism type. Among these, those who belong to the types of active role allotment, meaning grant, and devotion, including caregiver's good health were found to adapt themselves to caregiver roles. Conclusion: The results of this study may be helpful for developing effective and individualized nursing strategies suitable for individual caregivers coping types. It is suggested to practice nursing mediation and to analyze the changes in nursing effect and family members' adaptation based on coping types of the well-adapted caregivers as we as on their affirmative coping strategy.