• 초등상담연구
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.485-504
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• 2012

이 연구의 목적은 학교폭력의 예방과 대책에 관한 인식에 있어서 교대생과 초등교사의 차이를 비교하는 것이었다. 이를 위해서 이 연구에서는 교대생 600명과 초등교사 400명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 이중 교대생 451명과 초등교사 289명의 응답 결과를 기초로 학교폭력에 노출된 경험과 심각성 인식, 학교폭력의 원인, 예방 및 대책에 대한 인식, 그리고 '학교폭력의 예방과 대책' 관련 교과의 개설 및 교육적 요구를 조사하여 반응 백분율과 평균 및 표준편차를 산출하고 두 집단 간 반응 차이의 유의도를 비교하였다. 이 연구에서 밝혀진 주요결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 교대생과 초등교사의 절반 이상이 학창 시절 학교폭력을 경험한 적이 있고, 학교폭력이 상당히 심각하다고 인식하고 있으며 그 비율은 초등교사가 교대생보다 유의하게 높다. 둘째, 그들은 '가정의 붕괴와 자녀에 대한 부모의 관심 부족'과 '왜곡된 친구관계와 학교폭력서클의 만연'을 학교폭력의 주요원인으로 인식하고 있으며, '감정조절 능력의 부족'과 '사회적 대처 기술의 부족'을 각각 가해 원인과 피해 원인으로 인식한다. 셋째, 그들은 학생들의 학교폭력을 목격할 때 관련 학생의 학부모와 면담하여 협조를 구하거나 책임교사(또는 상담교사)와 학교 당국에 알려 적극적으로 대처할 필요가 있다고 인식하면서도 그와 관련된 어려움을 함께 호소하고 있다. 넷째, 그들은 정부의 '학교폭력근절 종합대책'에 대해 중요성은 비교적 높게 인식한 반면 정책의 실효성에 대해서는 상대적으로 낮게 인식하고 있다. 끝으로, 그들은 교사양성기관에 '학교폭력의 예방과 대책' 교과목을 개설하는 것에 대체로 찬성하며, 그 비율은 교대생이 초등교사보다 유의하게 높다.

• 가정∙방문간호학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.5-24
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to develop a parenting intervention program and determine the efficacy of the program with low-birth weight infants and their mothers. Nine dyads for the experimental group and twelve dyads for the control group discharged from the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a University Hospital in Seoul were recruited for the study. For the intervention group, programmed education and support which focused on the maternal sensitivity of the infant's behavior. rearing environment. motherinfant interaction and infant care were given to each subject. Individual counseling and home visits were provided at discharge, one week after discharge. and one and three months of corrected age in every infant. Structured questionaires were administered and feeding interactions were videotaped and coded by a blinded certified observer. A Quasi-experimental design was conducted for this study. Postpartum depression, maternal self esteem. infant care burden, HOME. mother-infant interaction, and infant development were measured. Results were in favor of the intervention versus the control group. On the Beck depression inventory, intervention mothers showed decreasing trends in depressive symptom vs control mothers although, there were statistically no significant differences between the two groups at each time. The mean score of experimental group was 11.55(mild depression state) at discharge and became 8,6(normal state) at 1 month of corrected age. On the other hand, the mean score of the control group was 13.92(mild depression state) at discharge and became 14.0. Maternal self esteem in both groups improved over time. Infant care burden in both groups was also shown to increase over time. There was a significant difference between the two groups in HOME(p=.0340) at 3 months of corrected age. HOME scores of the experimental group and the control's were 31.10 and 25.58, respectively. Mothers' emotional and language responses were significantly high in the intervention group compared with the control group(p=.0155). Intervention group (53.33) showed a significantly high quality of motherinfant interaction compared with the in control group (42.80)(p =.0340). Intervention group mothers appeared have a better quality of mother-infant interaction behaviors. On the other hand, there was no statistical difference in the infant part between groups. Intervention group infants had higher trends in a general developmental quotient: although, there was no statistical difference between groups. The general developmental quotient of intervention infants was 102.56 and control's was 91.28. However, the developmental quotient of the domain of 'individuality-sociality' was higher in the intervention group infants compared with the control's(p=.0155). The concerns identified by parents revealed two domains of an infants' health management -knowledge and skills in caregiving of lowbirthweight-infants, characteristics of lowbirthweight infants, identifying a developmental milestone, coping with emergency situations and relaxation strategies of mothers from the infant care burden. Interview data with the mothers of low-birth weight infants can be used to develop intervention program contents. Limited intervention time and frequency due to time and cost limitations of this study should be modified. The intervention should be continuously implemented when low-birth weight infants become three years old. An NNNS demonstration appeared to be a very effective intervention for the mothers to improve the quality of mother-infant interactions. Therefore intervening in the mothers of low-birth weight infants as early after delivery as possible is desirable. This study has shown that home visit interventions are worthwhile for mothers only beyond the approach as an essential factor in ability of facilitating a growth fostering environment. In conclusion. the intervention program of this study was very effective in enhancing the parenting for the mothers of low-birth weight infants, resulting in health promotion of low-birth weight infants. The home-visit outreach intervention program of this study will contribute to the health delivery system in this country where there is a lack of continuous follow-up programs for low-birth weight infants after discharge from NICU, if it is activated as part of the home visit programs in community health systems.