• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.346-352
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• 2009

UTC (Coordinated Universal Time) has been made by the comparison results and the statistical analysis of primary clocks maintained by national standard institutes. Some kinds of technique have been used for international time transfer; since 1980s the study on methods and development of time transfer has conducted with activation of GPS application. And the more accurate and easier method made it use the official time transfer method for the generation of UTC. But recently TWSTFT (Two-Way Satellite Time and Frequency Transfers) as well as GPS time transfer are increasing in number because the TWSTFT is able to improve the accuracy and precision of time comparison owing to the elimination of the ionospheric and tropospheric delay errors thanks to the reciprocal propagation path. In this paper, we introduce the TWSTFT results by a multi-channel modem comparing with GPS P3-code.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.75-82
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 MSRDS 환경에서 가상 4족 애완 로봇과 실제 4족 애완 로봇을 동기화함으로써 애완용 로봇의 행동을 설계할 수 있는 새로운 응용 시뮬레이터를 개발하였다. 이를 통하여 실제 로봇의 걸음새 및 동작 개발에 필요한 시간비용을 줄이고, 지능형 서비스 애완 로봇의 상업화에도 도움이 될 것이다. 또한, 본 연구 결과를 이용하여 가상공간과 실공간의 모델링의 차이를 극복하는 연구에 이용할 수 있다. 본 논문의 결과로서 가상 로봇과 실제 로봇의 연동 제어를 통해 원격지에 있는 두 대의 로봇간의 원격제어가 가능하므로, 두 대의 애완 로봇을 이용한 네트워크 게임으로서도 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제21권48호
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• pp.37-52
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• 1998

In many distribution systems important cost reductions and/or service improvements may be achieved by adopting an efficient inventory policy and proper selection of facilities. These efficiency improvements and service enhancements clearly require an integrated approach towards various logistical planning functions. The areas of inventory control and transportation planning need to be closely coordinated. The purpose of this paper is to construct an integrated model that can minimize the total cost of the transportation and inventory systems between multiple origin and destination points, where in origin point i has the supply of commodities and in destination point j requires the commodities. In this case, demands of the destination points are assumed random variables which have a known probability distribution. Using the lot-size reorder-point policy and the safety stock level that minimize total cost we find optimal distribution centers which transport the commodities to the destination points and suggest an optimal inventory policy to the selected distribution center. We also show if a demand greater than one unit will occur at a particular time, we describe the approximate optional replenishment policy from computational results of this lot-size reorder-point policy. This model is formulated as a 0-1 nonlinear integer programming problem. To solve the problem, this paper proposes heuristic computational procedures and a computer program with UNIX C language. In the usefulness review, we show the meaning and validity of the proposed model and exhibit the results of a comparison between our approach and the traditional approach, respectively.

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.351-363
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• 2008

This paper is concerned with tasking and guidance of networked airborne sensors to achieve fault-tolerant sensing. The sensors are coordinated to locate hostile transmitters by intercepting and processing their signals. Faults occur when some sensor-carrying vehicles engaged in target location missions are lost. Faults effectively change the network architecture and therefore degrade the network performance. The first objective of the paper is to optimally allocate a finite number of sensors to targets to maximize the network life and availability. To that end allocation policies are solved from relevant Markov decision problems. The sensors allocated to a target must continue to adjust their trajectories until the estimate of the target location reaches a prescribed accuracy. The second objective of the paper is to establish a criterion for vehicle guidance for which fault-tolerant sensing is achieved by incorporating the knowledge of vehicle loss probability, and by allowing network reconfiguration in the event of loss of vehicles. Superior sensing performance in terms of location accuracy is demonstrated under the established criterion.

• 한국경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한산업공학회/한국경영과학회 2002년도 춘계공동학술대회
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• pp.285-292
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• 2002

A cluster tool for semiconductor manufacturing is an integrated device that consists of several single wafer processing modules and a wafer transport module based on a robot. The distributed module controllers are integrated by an inter-module communication network and coordinated by a centralized controller, called a cluster tool controller (CTC). Since the CTC monitors and coordinates the distributed complex module controllers for advanced process control, complex commuication messaging and services between the CTC and the module controllers are required. A SEMI standard, CTMC(Cluster Tool Module Communication), specifies application-level communication service requirements for inter-module communication. We propose the use of high-level fieldbuses, for instance. PROFIBUS-FMS, for implementing CTMC since the high-level fieldbuses are well suited for complex real-time distributed manufacturing control applications. We present a way of implementing CTMC using PROFIBUS-FMS as the communication enabler. We first propose improvements of a key object of CTMC for material transfer and the part transfer protocol to meet the functional requirements of modem advanced cluster tools. We also discuss mapping objects and services of CTMC to PROFIBUS-FMS communication objects and services. Finally, we explain how to implement the mappings.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2019

Wheat blast occurred in Bangladesh for the first time in Asia in 2016. It is caused by a fungal pathogen, Magnaporthe oryzae Triticum (MoT) pathotype. In this review, we focused on the current status of the wheat blast in regard to host, pathogen, and environment. Despite the many efforts to control the disease, it expanded to neighboring regions including India, the world's second largest wheat producer. However, the disease occurrence has definitely decreased in quantity, because of many farmers chose to grow alternate crops according to the government's directions. Bangladesh government planned to introduce blast resistant cultivars but knowledges about genetics of resistance is limited. The genome analyses of the pathogen population revealed that the isolates caused wheat blast in Bangladesh are genetically close to a South American lineage of Magnaporthe oryzae. Understanding the genomes of virulent strains would be important to find target resistance genes for wheat breeding. Although the drier winter weather in Bangladesh was not favorable for development of wheat blast before, recent global warming and climate change are posing an increasing risk of disease development. Bangladesh outbreak in 2016 was likely to be facilitated by an extraordinary warm and humid weather in the affected districts before the harvest season. Coordinated international collaboration and steady financial supports are needed to mitigate the fearsome wheat blast in South Asia before it becomes a catastrophe.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.113-123
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• 2011

최근에 활발히 진행된 ITS사업과 신호개선사업으로 인해 신호제어 시스템의 온라인화와 실시간 신호제어시스템이 도입되어 교통신호제어기의 첨단화가 진행되었다. 하지만 실시간 신호제어 운영변수 산정의 기초가 되고, 현재 가장 일반적으로 이용되는 신호교차로의 제어방법으로 사용되는 TOD제어의 운영을 위한 효과적인 신호시간계획을 위한 방법론이 부재되어 왔다. TOD 시간계획의 최적화를 수행하는 과정은 신호교차로의 효율성 제고를 위해 매우 중요한 작업이며, 최적화 수행과정의 정립이 필요한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 TOD 시간계획 작성 시 가장 선행되어야 할 Sub Area 결정 방법과 첨두시와 비첨두시의 시간 경계를 결정하는 방법론에 대해서 정의하고, 각 방법론에 의해 결정된 시간경계 구간의 신호제어 변수를 신호최적화 모형을 통해 산출하였다. 최적화된 신호제어 변수의 효과를 분석하기 위해 서울시의 동2로 간선도로 구간에 새로운 TOD 시간계획을 적용하고 필드테스트를 수행하였으며, 이러한 TOD 시간계획의 적용 효과를 사전/사후 분석을 통해 검증하였다.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2012

국내에 교통량의 변동을 고려하기 위하여 영상검지기를 이용한 반감응 신호제어시스템의 설치가 증가하고 있지만 그러한 반감응 신호제어시스템의 도입효과 및 성능을 평가하기 위한 절차 및 방법론은 아직까지 수립되어 있지 않다. 이에 본 연구에서는 효과분석 및 성능평가를 위한 방법론을 수립하였다. 개발된 방법론에서는 반감응 신호제어시스템의 특성을 고려하여 교통환경 개선 파악에 유용한 효과척도와 조사항목이 우선 설정되었고, 현장조사와 평가를 통해 시스템의 성능 및 도입에 따른 교통환경의 개선효과를 파악할 수 있는 방법을 제시하고 있다. 또한 본 연구에서는 개발된 방법론을 파주시 반감응 신호제어시스템에 대해서 사례 분석을 실시하였다. 단일교차로와 간선축으로 구분된 사례분석에서 교통량, 통행속도 항목과 신호효율측면의 현시이용효율, 연동효율 등 선정된 효과척도 분석결과 시스템 도입에 따라 일정수준의 개선효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제59권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2010

The ultrafashionable machinery that require high quality electricity power has been daily come into being. Because domestic power system has been larger and more complicated in accordance with raising power demand by power market requirement. Because of these power market situations, The FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission System) which is power transmission system for the next generation to meet flexible supply the power and reliability has been applied. If they, compensators and FACTS, are used inter-efficiently in range that does not affect the stability and a badly influence the security, they might be increase in the voltage stability of system, supply reliability and also achieve the voltage control in a suddenly changed power system. Therefore we describe and suggest on this treatise that a plan for coordination control between UPFC, Shunt elements (Sh. Capacitors & Sh. Reactors) among compensators and also describe the method to keep or control the voltage of power system in allowable ranges. The method follows that, we used characteristics of each equipment, UPFC would be also settled to keep the identified voltage range in change of load bus, Shunt elements also would be settled to supply the reactive power shortage in out of operating range of UPFC to cope actively with change of the power system. As the result of simulation, it is possible to keep the load bus voltage in limited range in spite of broad load range condition. This helps greatly for the improvements of supply reliability and voltage stability.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.151-158
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• 2010

환자모니터링과같은 특수목적의 무선센서망에 요구되는 프로토콜과 연관하여 매체접속제어(MAC) 기법을 설계하기 위한 구조를 연구하였다. 의료시스템의 데이터는 엄격한 신뢰성이 요구되며 또한 본질적으로 비균질성의 트래픽 특성을 가지고 있다. 이러한 환경은 특별한 고려사항이 요구되어 미묘한 서비스 품질(QoS) 문제를 야기하게 된다. 의료용 혹은 감시시스템 등의 응용분야에서는 트래픽의 정규성 및 예측성이 어느 정도 보장이되어, 관리노드는 이웃 노드들의 자원을 관리할 수 있는 역할을 할 수 있다. 즉, 관리노드는 주어진 QoS 사양에 따라 충돌없이 타임 슬롯을 할당할 수 있다. 본 연구는 이러한 조건하에서 MAC의 핵심구조를 파악하고, 수퍼프레임 길이와 노드의 수에 따른 에너지 소비량 및 수율을 분석하였다.