• 수완나부미
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.13-57
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• 2015

The paper brings together several strands of debate and deliberation in which I have been involved since the early 2000s on the definition of Southeast Asia and the rationale of Southeast Asian Studies. I refer to the relationship between area studies and methodologies as a conundrum (or puzzle), though I should state from the outset that I think it is much more of a conundrum for others than for me. I have not felt the need to pose the question of whether or not area studies generates a distinctive method or set of methods and research practices, because I operate from a disciplinary perspective; though that it is not to say that the question should not be posed. Indeed, as I have earned a reputation for "revisionism" and championing disciplinary approaches rather than regional ones, it might be anticipated already the position that I take in an examination of the relationships between methodologies and the practice of "area studies" (and in this case Southeast Asian [or Asian] Studies). Nevertheless, given the recent resurgence of interest in the possibilities provided by the adoption of regional perspectives and the grounding of data gathering and analysis within specified locations in the context of globalization, the issues raised for researchers working in Southeast Asia and within the field of Southeast Asian Studies require revisiting.

• 철학연구
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• 제137권
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• pp.131-149
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• 2016

이 논문의 주된 목적은 존슨이 옹호하는 자연주의 윤리학의 이론적 성격을 규명하고, 그것이 어떻게 20세기 초반 이래로 윤리학이 처한 분기적 상황을 넘어서는 새로운 통로가 될 수 있는지를 밝히려는 것이다. 존슨은 보편적 도덕원리를 추구하는 전통적인 절대주의 도덕 이론이 은유적 구성물이라는 분석을 토대로 그 절대성을 근원적으로 해체한다. 그러나 존슨은 이러한 해체를 넘어선 새로운 윤리학적 탐구가 '도덕적 이해'에 대한 경험적 해명이 되어야 한다고 제안함으로써 급진적인 해체론적 이론들과 궤를 달리한다. 존슨의 최근 논의는 도덕적 절대주의가 필연적으로 수반하는 '도덕적 근본주의'에 대한 비판에 초점을 맞추고 있다. 특정한 도덕체계를 절대적 원리로 받아들이는 도덕적 근본주의는 우리의 인지에 관한 그릇된 가정에 근거하고 있으며, 나아가 도덕적 담론을 근원적으로 가로 막는다는 점에서 부도덕한 입장이라는 것이다. 존슨은 대안적인 윤리학적 탐구가 현재와 같은 몸을 가진 유기체로서 우리 자신의 조건에 부합하는 방식으로 이루어져야 한다고 주장하며, 그것이 초월이나 선험을 비켜서는 자연주의적 방식으로 이루어져야 한다고 제안한다. 이것은 우리 자신의 조건에 부합하는 '도덕 이론의 크기'에 대한 제안이며. 필자는 그것이 지난 세기의 급진적인 해체론적 기류 속에서 절대주의적 논의의 구도가 무너지면서 방향성을 잃은 것으로 보이는 윤리학적 상황에 대안적인 탐구의 방향이라는 점을 밝혔다.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.139-144
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• 2023

농뇨는 가와사키병 환아의 약 30-60%에 동반되는 소견으로, 임상적 증후가 다 나타나지 않은 초기의 가와사키병 또는 불완전 가와사키병에서 요로감염으로 오인할 수 있으나, 불완전 가와사키병 진단에 중요한 검사실 소견 중 하나일 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 한국의 5세 미만 영유아에서 가와사키병 진단 전 요로감염으로 선행 진단 사례의 유병률과 역학적 위험인자를 평가하고자 한다. 건강보험심사평가원에서 제공하고 있는 보건의료 빅데이터 개방시스템 자료를 바탕으로 2007년 11월부터 2019년 10월까지 가와사키병과 요로감염으로 진료, 청구된 대상자에 대해 후향적 단면연구를 시행 하였다. 가와사키병 확정 진단 전 1주일 이내의 요로감염 선행 진단된 환아의 발생률을 계산하였고, 카이제곱 (χ² test) 검정을 실시하였다. 연령, 성별, 지역, 계절별 발생률에 대한 요로감염 선행 진단 여부에 대해 로지스틱 분석 (logistic regression)을 수행하였다. 연구 결과, 총 53,822명의 가와사키병 환자가 포함되었으며 그 중 304명 (0.56%)이 선행 요로감염 진단이 있었다. 12개월 미만에서의 요로감염 선행 진단률이 가장 높았으며 (0.95%), 4세와 비교했을 때 요로 감염 선행진단의 오즈비는 3.12 (2.05-4.77) 였다. 발열을 동반한 농뇨가 있는 영아의 일부에서는 불완전 가와사키병의 감별진단이 필요할 수 있다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.91-95
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• 2014

Griscelli syndrome type 2 (GS2) is a rare autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations in the RAB27A gene. It is characterized by cutaneous hypopigmentation, immunodeficiency, and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. We describe 2 brothers who had GS2 with clinically diverse manifestations. The elder brother presented with a purely neurological picture, whereas the younger one presented with fever, pancytopenia, hepatosplenomegaly, and erythema nodosum. Considering that cutaneous hypopigmentation was a common feature between the brothers, genetic analysis for Griscelli syndrome was performed. As the elder sibling had died, mutation analysis was only performed on the younger sibling, which revealed a novel homozygous mutation in the RAB27A gene on chromosome 15 showing a single-base substitution (c.136T>A p.F46I). Both parents were heterozygous for the same mutation. This confirmed the diagnosis of GS2 in the accelerated phase in both siblings. The atypical features of GS2 in these cases are a novel mutation, isolated neurological involvement in one sibling, association with erythema nodosum, and 2 distinct clinical presentations in siblings with the same genetic mutation.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제40권9호
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• pp.607-612
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• 2017

When mammalian cells and animals face a variety of internal or external stresses, they need to make homeostatic changes so as to cope with various stresses. To this end, mammalian cells are equipped with two critical stress responses, autophagy and cellular senescence. Autophagy and cellular senescence share a number of stimuli including telomere shortening, DNA damage, oncogenic stress and oxidative stress, suggesting their intimate relationship. Autophagy is originally thought to suppress cellular senescence by removing damaged macromolecules or organelles, yet recent studies also indicated that autophagy promotes cellular senescence by facilitating the synthesis of senescence-associated secretory proteins. These seemingly opposite roles of autophagy may reflect a complex picture of autophagic regulation on cellular senescence, including different types of autophagy or a unique spatiotemporal activation of autophagy. Thus, a better understanding of autophagy process will lead us to not only elucidate the conundrum how autophagy plays dual roles in the regulation of cellular senescence but also helps the development of new therapeutic strategies for many human diseases associated with cellular senescence. We address the pro-senescence and anti-senescence roles of autophagy while focusing on the potential mechanistic aspects of this complex relationship between autophagy and cellular senescence.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.131-153
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• 2010

The fusion of learning, information, and technology presents dynamic challenges for all librarians, educators and students in 21st century libraries and schools. At the heart of this fusion is the growth of a pervasive, integrated information environment characterized by vast quantities of digital content, open choice, collaborative and participatory digital spaces, and the transition of the web environments from consumption of information to creation of information. This environment heralds important opportunities for librarians and teachers to rethink, re-imagine and recreate a dynamic approaches to information literacy instruction. Drawing on an extensive body of research undertaken through the Center for International Scholarship in School Libraries (CISSL), and published research on both information literacy and constructivist learning, this paper provides a critical examination of the current status of information literacy: its multiple conceptualizations, competing models, viewpoints, and its operationalizations in educational and library environments. The paper will challenge information literacy practices which center on simplistic, reductionist approaches to information literacy development, and the separation of information process and knowledge content. In particular it will address apparent contradictions in espoused conceptions of information literacy which revolve around "knowledge": knowledge construction, critical thinking, problem solving and the development of knowledgeable people; and information literacy practices which revolve around "information": a predominant focus on skills of access and evaluation of resources and with less attention given to engaging with found information to develop deep knowledge and understanding. The paper will present a series of challenges for moving forward with information literacy agendas in libraries and schools.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2014년도 제46회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.134.2-134.2
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• 2014

Photonic crystal solar cells have the potential for addressing the disparate length scales in polymer photovoltaic materials, thereby confronting the major challenge in solar cell technology: efficiency. One must achieve simultaneously an efficient absorption of photons with effective carrier extraction. Unfortunately the two processes have opposing requirements. Efficient absorption of light calls for thicker PV active layers whereas carrier transport always benefits from thinner ones, and this dichotomy is at the heart of an efficiency/cost conundrum that has kept solar energy expensive relative to fossil fuels. This dichotomy persists over the entire solar spectrum but increasingly so near a semiconductor's band edge where absorption is weak. We report a 2-D, photonic crystal morphology that enhances the efficiency of organic photovoltaic cells relative to conventional planar cells. The morphology is developed by patterning an organic photoactive bulk heterojunction blend of Poly(3-(2-methyl-2-hexylcarboxylate) thiophene-co-thiophene) and PCBM via PRINT, a nano-embossing method that lends itself to large area fabrication of nanostructures. The photonic crystal cell morphology increases photocurrents generally, and particularly through the excitation of resonant modes near the band edge of the organic PV material. The device performance of the photonic crystal cell showed a nearly doubled increase in efficiency relative to conventional planar cell designs. Photonic crystals can also enhance performance of other optoelectronic devices including organic laser.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.236-240
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• 2002

골수염은 신생아에서는 드문 질환이며 신생아 중환자실 입원 환아 100명당 1~3명 정도에서 나타난다. 척추의 골수염은 이 중 1~2%를 차지하며 진단상의 어려움과 합병증으로 치료가 어렵다. 환아는 재태연령 34+2주, 출생체중 1.6 kg으로 생후 22일째 혈액 배양에서 MRSA가 발견되어 2주간 항생제 치료 후 다시 발열이 있어 입원치료 하였다. 자기 공명 영상상 흉추 7~8 부위의 골수염이 나타나 8주간의 vancomycin 정맥치료 결과 임상적, 방사선학적으로 호전되어 퇴원하였다. 저자들은 MRSA의 감염으로 척추의 골수염을 가진 신생아 1례를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다.

• 대기
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.455-462
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• 2020

Among the weather conditions on the Korean Peninsula, Changma is a notable phenomenon. This is because substantial amount of the precipitation on the Korean Peninsula tends to happen during the Changma season. But there are times when this tendency falls into whims. That's the case when it doesn't rain or rains only little during the Changma season. The Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) describes this phenomenon as 'Dry Changma' - meaning . However, 'Dry Changma' is often regarded as an instance of contradicto in adjecto. Since the general public believe that 'Changma' means . This confusion often leads to distrust in meteorologists. In this paper, we would like to propose a reasonable solution to this conundrum by employing the conceptual resources of contemporary philosophy. First of all, I will make explicit the meaning of 'Changma' that the public and meteorologists think of. And then a brief explanation of the concept of natural kinds will be presented and the argument will be made that Changma is a natural kind. Next, we will discuss a view on natural kind terms advanced by Saul Kripke, a renowned philosopher. We will argue that in Kripke's view, the general public's thought that 'Dry Changma' is contradicto in adjecto is not correct. This will eventually lead to the conclusion that the meteorologist usage of 'Changma' is the correct one, which is thereby to be adopted by the public.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 9th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.686-693
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• 2022

Construction is a collaborative endeavor. The complexity in delivering construction projects successfully is impacted by the effective collaboration needs of a multitude of stakeholders throughout the project life-cycle. Technologies such as Building Information Modelling and relational project delivery approaches such as Alliancing and Integrated Project Delivery have developed to address this conundrum. However, with the onset of the pandemic, the digital economy has surged world-wide and advances in technology such as in the areas of machine learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) have grown deep roots across specializations and domains to the point of matching its capabilities to the human mind. Several recent studies have both explored the role of AI in the construction process and highlighted its benefits. In contrast, literature in the organization studies field has highlighted the fear that tasks currently done by humans will be done by AI in future. Motivated by these insights and with the understanding that construction is a labour intensive sector where knowledge is both fragmented and predominantly tacit in nature, this paper explores the integration of AI in construction processes across project phases from planning, scheduling, execution and maintenance operations using literary evidence and experiential insights. The findings show that AI can complement human skills rather than provide a substitute for them. This preliminary study is expected to be a stepping stone for further research and implementation in practice.