• 유통과학연구
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.99-109
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aims to develop and empirically analyze a research model in order to comprehend the relationship among the service quality of market-wholesaler system, re-transaction intention, and recommendation intention of forwarder. Further, we suggest new six factors reflecting the service quality of market-wholesaler system and highlight market expansion of forwarder as a mechanism in the relationship. Research design, data and methodology: The authors developed the new scales measuring the service quality of market-wholesaler system (i.e. trade price, price fluctuation, payment receipt, settlement period, trade information, and customer service) and conducted a cross-sectional survey for 439 forwarders in a wholesale market. And then we performed a series of path analyses to test hypotheses. The hypotheses are as follows. [H1] The service quality of market-wholesaler system will positively affect forwarders' market expansion, [H2] Forwarders' market expansion will positively affect their re-transaction intention, [H3] Forwarders' market expansion will positively affect their recommendation intention, [H4] Forwarders' re-transaction intention will positively affect their recommendation intention. Results: The results showed that all the six factors for the service quality of market-wholesaler system were positively related to market expansion of forwarders. There was a differential effectiveness in the six factors of the service quality. More specifically, the positive effect of customer service factor was the strongest on market expansion of forwarders. And the respective effects of trade price, price fluctuation, settlement period, trade information factors were followed in order. The positive effect of payment receipt factor was the weakest on market expansion of forwarders. Also, market expansion of forwarders was positively related to their re-transaction intention and recommendation intention. Furthermore, market expansion of forwarders was indirectly related to recommendation intention through re-transaction intention as well. Conclusions: The research findings provide important theoretical and practical implications. This study is the first to attempt to test the perception of forwarders for the service quality of market-wholesaler system by developing and using the new scales. Also, there has been a sharp controversy about the effectiveness of market-wholesaler system. The findings support that market-wholesaler system would be activated by empirically verifying the effectiveness of the service quality on the various outcomes.

• 만화애니메이션 연구
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• 통권42호
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• pp.125-150
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• 2016

2000년대 들어 한국영화는 천만 관객 동원과 한국형 블록버스터의 성공에 힘입어 산업적인 성장세를 이어가고 있다. 영화의 소재로 남북한 분단 이데올로기뿐만 아니라 역사, 정치, 사회문제 등의 다양한 소재가 다루어지며 실화를 바탕으로 한 영화도 인기를 끌었다. 이에 따라 영화산업의 외형적 규모도 점점 더 확대되고 있다. 이러한 배경에는 다양한 원인이 존재할 것이다. 그 중에서도 한국 상업영화의 발전은 문화소비로서의 대중문화 속성과 다양한 대중의 속성을 파악하여 만든 웰 메이드(well made)영화 그리고 이에 적극적으로 반응하는 미디어적 현상이 주원인일 것이다. 한국 대중영화가 영화 시장에서 확고한 위치를 점하며 자연스럽게 미디어 매체의 관심을 받게 되면서 많은 담론들이 생성되고 있다. 또한 대중영화의 파급력을 인지한 미디어 매체와 소셜 미디어의 영향력은 사회 정치적으로 변화를 이끌기도 하지만 이데올로기의 논란으로 이어지기도 한다. 왜냐하면 대중문화 연구와 관련된 이데올로기적 의미는 의식적 혹은 무의식적이거나 작가(예술가) 자신의 의도와는 관계없이, 언제나 세상에 대한 특정한 이미지를 재현하거나 표현하기 때문이다. 따라서 본 논문은 우선적으로 1990년대 말부터 한국영화가 대중영화로 확고히 자리 잡을 수 있었던 요인과 계기에 대한 논의를 검토하였다. 그런 다음, 2000년대 들어서 더욱 빈번한 정치, 사회, 역사에 대한 수많은 담론들을 형성한 대중영화와 미디어 그리고 소셜 미디어의 관계에 대해 고찰하였다. 이러한 흐름의 논의는 대중영화의 폭과 변화를 이해하는데 도움을 줄 것이다. 또한 편향적인 미디어의 홍수 속에서 사회 정치적인 영화보기나 읽기란 무엇인가에 대해서도 자문하는 계기가 될 것이다.

• 시큐리티연구
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• 제49호
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• pp.39-63
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• 2016

2009년 9월 24일 헌법재판소는 야간집회에 대해 '헌법불합치' 결정 후, 2014년 3월 27일 "야간 시위에 대해서도 자정까지는 허용해야한다"며 '한정위헌' 결정을 했다. 이후, 집시법에 대한 개정은 이루어지지 않고 2016년 10월에 이르고 있다. '입법불비' 논란 속에서, 2016년 유령집회에 대해 과태료 부과 및 집회 개최 사실통지 의무, 경찰관서장의 집회 개최장소 및 시간대 분할 개최 권유 등 일부 항목이 개정 또는 신설되면서 국민의 기본권 편익을 도모하였다. 그러나, 이번 개정 집시법에는 철회신고서를 중복 집회에 한정하고 있고, 경찰관서장에게 장소 시간의 분할에 대한 권유만 할 수 있을 뿐 일정한 권한이 없어 형식적인 절차로 끝날 것으로 예상된다. 또, 집회개최 1시간 전 통지 의무에 대해서는 처벌조항이 없어 이를 강제할 수 없는 문제점을 내포하고 있다. 본 연구에서는, 2016년 개정된 집시법을 중심으로 분석 후 보완 수정되어야 할 부분에 대해 정책적 제언을 하였다. 집시법은 2009년 이후 '입법불비' 상태로 있는 야간집회 시위를 포함하여 앞으로도 계속 수정 보완 되어야 하는 문제점을 안고 있다.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.29-37
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• 2010

Purpose: Controversy exists regarding whether pediatric blunt abdominal trauma patients with microscopic hematuria should undergo radiographic evaluation. Adult patients have indications such as shock and deceleration injury. This study was conducted to suggest indications for the use of CT to detect significant renal injury in pediatric blunt abdominal trauma patients with microscopic hematuria. Methods: From January 2005 to December 2009, patients less than 18 years of age with blunt abdominal trauma and microscopic hematuria who had undergone CT were included in this retrospective study. We analyzed the correlation between microscopic hematuria, shock, deceleration injury, and American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) renal injury grade. Patients were divided into two groups: the insignificant renal injury group (AAST grade 1) and the significant renal injury group (AAST grades 2-5). We compared age, gender, mechanism of injury, degree of microscopic hematuria, evidence of shock, presence of deceleration injury, and associated injuries between the two groups. We analyzed the effect of each of the above each factors on renal injury by using a logistic regression analysis. Results: Forty-three children were included, and the median age was 15 years. Five children had a significant renal injury. No significant differences, except age and microscopic hematuria (more than 30 red blood cells per high power field (RBC/HPF), p = 0.005) existed between the insignificant and the significant injury groups. A positive correlation existed between renal injury and microscopic hematuria (rho = 0.406, p = 0.007), but renal injury was not correlated with shock and deceleration injury. In the multivariate regression analysis, microscopic hematuria was the only factor correlated with renal injury (p = 0.042). Conclusion: If a microscopic hematuria of more than 30 RBC/HPF exists, the use of CT should be considerd, regardless of shock and deceleration injury to detect significant renal injury in pediatric blunt abdominal trauma patients.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.569-575
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• 2018

북극에 대한 관심이 높아지면서 쇄빙연구선의 필요성이 점점 커지고 있다. 특히 우리나라의 경우 2009년 진수된 7,500톤급의 아라온호가 유일한 쇄빙연구선인데, 현재 아라온호만으로는 북극과 남극의 관련 연구를 수행하는데 어려움이 있다. 이에 해양수산부에서는 제2쇄빙연구선의 건조를 추진 중에 있는데 제2쇄빙연구선 건조의 필요성과 규모의 적정성에 대한 논란이 있으므로 이러한 논란을 줄이고 보다 합리적인 의사결정을 위해서는 제2쇄빙연구선의 경제적 가치를 추정하는 것이 중요하다. 본 연구는 비시장재화의 가치측정방법론인 조건부 가치측정법을 활용하여 제2쇄빙연구선의 경제적 편익을 산정하였다. 특히 본 연구의 추정방법과 관련하여 통상적인 CVM은 가정되는 분포의 형태와 추정모형에 따라서 WTP 분석결과에 편차가 발생하게 된다. 이에 본 연구에서는 베이지안 추정법(Bayesian approach)을 활용한다. 분석결과에 따르면 가구당 연간 평균 WTP는 1,999원으로 추정되었으며 이를 전국 가구 수로 확대한 제2쇄빙연구선 건조 사업에 대한 총편익은 연간 약 373.9억 원인 것으로 산정되었다.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.361-394
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• 1998

Jeon Kwang(癲狂), term of oriental medicine, corresponds to psychopathy. This is recorded in the 22th chapter of Young Chu(靈樞). Jeon and Kwang come under Eum(陰) and Yang(陽) respectively. The symptoms of Jeon have silence, cry and giggle alternately, muttering, and so on. And those of Kwang have quick-tempered, absurd remarks, slander, and so on. The contents of this chapter are divided into three volumes. The first is descriptive of paroxysmal causes and various symptoms of Jean and methods of acupuncture and moxibustion. The second stales causes, symptoms, and remedy methods of Kwang. And the third describes about Pung Youk(風逆), Kweol Youk(厥逆), So Ki(少氣), and Tan Ki(短氣). A paragraph concerning of Mok Ja(目眥), so to speak side of pupil, is mentioned at the begginning of this chapter incomprehensibly. Si Ma(馬蒔) asserted that this one is not a pleonasm because mental condition is seen at Mok Ja. But Sa-Deok Jeong(程士德) decided this one doesn't relation to Jeon Kwang. In my opinion, both views have proprieties. It is in a controversy whether Jeon Kwang has somthing to do with Pung Youk, Kweol Youk, etc. Tan Pa(丹波) asserted that these don't have connection each other. But JI-Chong Jang(張志總) explained Jeon Kwang originates in Kweol Youk with a basis of So Mun(素門). It is difficult to judge which opinion is right, but I am of the opinion that paragraphs of Pung Youk and downward mentioned those of other chapter with a mistake in the process of transcription. On accout of not only shortage contents but also ancient writings of this chapter we cannot understand all about Jeon Kwang. In addition, each woodblock-printed book has different letters and every commentaries aren't the same. Till now, therefore, basic study hasn't been done enough to offer a foundation to the theory of medical treatment. The purpose of this study is to correct wrong letters, to take out right commentaries, and then to interpret the accurat meaning of this chapter. I think this bibliographic study is quite meaningful because of hardship to cure psychopathy in clinic as well as of a viewpoint of basic study. However as this thesis is insufficient, so I expect many studies come out later.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.291-306
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• 1995

Mandibular movement is composed of border movement and functional movement. Border movement such as maximal mouth opening, hinge opening ad lateral eccentric movement has good reproducibility, but functional movement such as chewing, swallowing and speech has also reproducibility. Especially for chewing movement, individual reproducibility has been confirmed by many studies. Study of chewing pattern is still in controversy. In new approach for raising the diagnostic value, numeric parameters and morphologic characteristics could be used for evaluation of chewing pattern. This study was performed to investigate the differences between chewing pattern in controls and in patients with temporomandibular disorders. Sixty-three patients with temporomandibular disorders participated in this study, and they were divided into unilaterally affected subjects or bilaterally affected subjects. Then unilaterally affected subjects were classified into closed lock group, disk displacement with reduction group, and degenerative joint disease group. For recording of chewing pattern, subjects were asked to chew one piece of presoftened chewing gum on both sides, and the chewing movement was recorded with the Electrognatho- Graphy(Bio-Research Associates Inc., U.S.A.). Tooth contact pattern for occlusal stability (Total left-right statistics )was also recorded with T-Scan(Tekscan Co., U.S.A.). The dta related to chewing pattern and total left-right statistics were statistically analyzed by SAS/stat program. The obtained results were as follows : 1. In patient group, mean value of A-P distance and the ratio of A-P distance to vertical distance were larger than control group, but the value of lateral distance in affected side and the closing velocity in unaffected side were smaller than that of control group, respectively. 2. In case of unilateral affected patients, chewing pattern of other side had tendency to restricted movement and slow velocity in closed lock group or degenerative joint disease group than control group or disk displacement with reduction group. 3. In bilateral degenerative joint disease patients, contralateral side had tendency to large range of motion and slow chewing velocity than preferred chewing side. 4. The patients with restricted mouth opening below than 35mm had higher value of total left-right statistics than patient group mouth opening above 35mm. Also closed lock group had higher total left-right statistics than disk displacement with reduction group, degenerative joint disease group and control group. 5. There was some difference in morphologic characteristics of chewing pattern between in control group and in affected side of unilateral patient group, but no difference between control group and unaffected side of unilateral patient group. 6. There were positive correlations between vertical distance and A-P distance, between vertical distance and chewing velocity, between A-P distance and chewing velocity, and between opening velocity and closing velocity in unilateral affected patients.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.455-461
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• 2000

Malignant tumors of the head and neck frequently require treatment with both radiotherapy and surgery. Reconstruction of the defect in previously irradiated field is a challenge to surgeon, who must produce both a functional and an esthetic result. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy(HBO) has been used in an attempt to reduce the deleterious effects of radiation. But the issue of whether prior irradiation and HBO of the recipient site of a free flap affects the result of reconstruction continues to generate controversy. So, the effects of irradiation and hypergbaric oxygen therapy on microvascular anastomosis was evaluated in an experimental study in femoral vessels of rats. The experimental groups were divided into 3 groups, contorol group, irradiation group, and irradiation and HBO group. Preoperative irradiation was delivered in the left groin field with single dose corresponding 2,000cGy and total 48 hours of HBO was given 100% oxygen at 2.4 atmosphere for 4 weeks. The femoral vessels of 60 rats were anastomosed after irradiation and HBO treatment. Three days, 1 week, 2 weeks and 4 weeks after surgery, the femoral vessels were evaluated for patency and histopathologic changes. There was no notable effect of irradiation on patency of femoral vessels in rats and the radiation effects were obvious on histological examination which showed the sloughing of the endothelial cells, subintimal hyperplasia and fibrosis on the media and adventitia of femoral arteries. The histologic changes of the femoral veins were mild and not typical. But the effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy after irradiation was seen not marked difference in irradiation group.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.53-77
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• 2012

Competence-competence refers to an arbitratorpower to determine whether he or she has jurisdiction to decide a controversy. Although arbitrators power to rule on their own jurisdiction is generally recognized throughout the world, in the United States, neither the courts nor legislative bodies have recognized its significance or the reasoning behind its widespread adoption. Section 3 of the Federal Arbitration Act (FAA) is notorious among arbitration statues for its failure to incorporate competence-competence. When courts rule on an issue of competence-competence, it is referred to as a question of who decides the arbitrability of the case. In the United States, the use of competence-competence as a term of art is still limited to scholarly writings. The answer to the competence-competence inquiry is found in an interpretation of section 3 of the FAA which empowers the courts to decide arbitrability issues. The cases of the Supreme Court and most commentators interpreted sections 2 and 3 of the FAA as conferring issues of arbitrability on the federal courts, including the ability to rule on the validity and scope of the arbitral agreement. Traditionally, United States courts have denied the competence-competence to arbitral tribunal. Recently, however, they have confounded the rules by placing primary importance on the arbitration agreement between the parties. The Supreme Court, in a series of cases, has underscored the necessity of giving full effect to the intentions of the parties as expressed in their agreement to arbitrate. The result of the Supreme Court's emphasis on contractualism in determining the issue of arbitrability is most evident in the Courtdecision in the First Options case. Under First Options, courts are to decide arbitrability issues unless there is a clear and unmistakable contractual assignment of these issues to the tribunal itself. The Court is appraised that it has attempted to compromise between contractual freedom in the arbitration setting and the rule of law that is necessary in a society that depends on the concept of ordered liberty. In the decision in Howsam, the Court clarified the definition of arbitrability by attempting to draw a clear line between questions of arbitrability that are to be decided by courts and those matters that bear on the allocation of decisions between courts and arbitrators but are not questions of arbitrability.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.139-155
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• 2018

본 연구는 양양연어축제를 통해 생태관광에서 '자연'이 '생산'되고 보존되며 이용되는 과정을 살펴보고 있다. 최근 관광지리 논의에서는 관광개발 과정에서 나타나는 자연의 신자유주의화와 이에 대한 정치생태학적 재해석이 이루어지고 있다. 한국에서는 양양군을 중심으로 연어보존이 이루어져왔고, 연어축제 역시 연어보존이 나타내는 자연의 복원이라는 상징성을 담고 있다. 그러나 연어축제는 연어의 상품화를 중심으로 이루어지고 있으며, 남대천은 연어의 생태계가 복원된 장소로 인식되기는 어려운 상황이다. 또한 연어회귀가 증가하지 않고, 축제의 외연적 확대가 어려워지면서 연어와 남대천 보존에 대한 지역의 관심은 예전과 같지 않다. 즉, 자연의 보존과 복원의 상징성을 강조하는 축제의 주장과는 달리 생태계를 위협하는 부정적인 요인들은 여전히 남아있다. 이로 인해 연어와 남대천의 보존과 관련한 행위자들 사이의 갈등이 발생하고 있으며, 이는 지역 주민들에서부터 지자체, 국가, 국제기구에 이르기까지 복잡하게 얽혀있다. 생태관광에서 이용되는 자연은 다양한 층위의 행위자들의 이해관계에 따라 선택적으로 정의되고, 이용되며, 강조된다. 이는 정치생태학 연구에서 강조되는 '생산되는 자연'의 개념이 본원적인 자연개념보다 축제의 주제로 전용되고 상품화되는 자연의 모습을 설명하는 데 유용하다는 점을 시사하고 있다.