• 정보처리학회논문지C
• /
• 제17C권6호
• /
• pp.491-498
• /
• 2010

Wi-Fi 기반의 차량과 기지국간 (vehicle-to-infrastructure, V2I) 통신은 차량과 승객의 안전과 편의 및 교통 효율성을 향상시킬 수 있는 방법으로 관심을 받고 있다. 그러나 노변에 위치한 엑세스 포인터 (access point, AP)는 이동차량에게 비용적인 측면에서 효과적인 인터넷 연결을 지원할 수 있지만, 차량의 빠른 이동과 AP의 제한된 전송거리는 빈번한 핸드오프를 유발한다. 그러한 문제점은 모바일 AP (mobile AP, MAP) 플랫폼을 사용하여 해결할 수 있다. MAP는 노변에 위치한 AP보다 적은 양의 대역폭을 제공하지만, 차량과 함께 이동함에 따라 더 오랜 시간 서비스를 제공할 수 있다. 이 논문은 이동차량이 노변의 고정된 AP 혹은 MAP 중에서 효과적으로 AP를 선택할 수 있는 하나의 새로운 AP 선택 기법을 제안한다. AP 선택기준을 위하여 AP의 접속 가용시간과 제공 가능 대역폭을 함께 고려하고, 그러한 기준을 바탕으로 AP 선택 기법을 제안한다. 실제 버스 트레이스 기반의 시뮬레이션을 통해 제안한 기법이 기존의 방법보다 좋은 성능을 제공하는 것을 보여준다.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.111-118
• /
• 2002

In GMAW(Gas Metal Arc Welding) processes, bead geometry (penetration, bead width and height) is a criterion to estimate welding quality, Bead geometry is affected by welding current, arc voltage and travel speed, shielding gas, CTWD (contact-tip to workpiece distance) and so on. In this paper, welding process variables were selected as welding current, arc voltage and travel speed. And bead geometry was reasoned from the chosen welding process variables using neuro-fuzzy algorithm. Neural networks was applied to design FLC(fuzzy logic control), The parameters of input membership functions and those of consequence functions in FLC were tuned through the method of learning by backpropagation algorithm, Bead geometry could he reasoned from welding current, arc voltage, travel speed on FLC using the results learned by neural networks. On the developed inference system of bead geometry using neuo-fuzzy algorithm, the inference error percent of bead width was within ${\pm}4%$, that of bead height was within ${\pm}3%$, and that of penetration was within ${\pm}8%$, Neural networks came into effect to find the parameters of input membership functions and those of consequence in FLC. Therefore the inference system of welding quality expects to be developed through proposed algorithm.

• Wind and Structures
• /
• 제23권6호
• /
• pp.595-613
• /
• 2016

Large amplitude oscillation of steepled main cables usually presents during construction of a long-span bridge. To study this phenomenon, six typical main cables with different cross sections during construction are investigated. Two main foci have been conducted. Firstly, aerodynamic coefficients of a main cable are obtained and compared through simulation and wind tunnel test: (1) to ensure the simulation accuracy, influences of the numerical model's grid size, and the jaggy edges of main cable's cross section on main cable's aerodynamic coefficients are investigated; (2) aerodynamic coefficients of main cables at different wind attack angles are obtained based on the wind tunnel test in which the experimental model is made by rigid plastic using the 3D Printing Technology; (3) then numerical results are compared with wind tunnel test results, and they are in good agreement. Secondly, aerodynamic coefficients of the six main cables at different wind attack angles are obtained through numerical simulation. Then Den Hartog criterion is used to analyze the transverse galloping of main cables during construction. Results show all the six main cables may undergo galloping, which may be an important reason for the large amplitude oscillation of steepled main cables during construction. The flow structures around the main cables indicate that the characteristic of the airflow trajectory over a steepled main cable may play an important role in the galloping generation. Engineers should take some effective measures to control this harmful phenomenon due to the big possibility of the onset of galloping during the construction period.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제42권5호
• /
• pp.449-455
• /
• 2009

In Hansan Geojeman area, 2,050 ha of shellfish growing area has been designated as shellfish production area for export. The main shellfish species from the designated area is oysters. For the sanitary management of the designated area established in Hansan Geojeman area, bacteriological examination of sea water and shellfish at the sampling stations inside and outside of the designated area were performed from January 2006 to December 2008. The range of fecal coliform of 756 sea water samples at 21 stations located in the designated area were <1.8~>1,600 MPN/100mL. And the range of geometric mean and the estimated 90th percentile of fecal coliform were 1.8~2.9 and 2.7~15.8 MPN/100mL, respectively. Sanitary conditions of the current designated area in Hansan Geojeman meets the required standards of the Fisheries Product Quality Control and National Shellfish Sanitation Program (NSSP, USA) criteria for the approved area. Also, the sanitary status of the shellfish harvested from the designated area met the Korean Shellfish Sanitation Program (KSSP) fecal coliform criterion (<230 MPN/100g). And the human pathogen such as Salmonella spp. and Shigella spp. were not detected from the examined shellfish samples.

• Computers and Concrete
• /
• 제17권5호
• /
• pp.673-692
• /
• 2016

In the standards, minimum reinforcement ratios are presented as the least reinforcement ratios that bearing elements should have in a way to include all systems and in general. However, naturally these general minimum ratios might be presented as being lower than the normally required reinforcement ratios by criteria such as system size, bearing system arrangement, section situation and distributions of the elements and earthquake effect. In this case, minimum reinforcement ratios may remain as meaningless restrictions. Then grouping the criterion that might affect reinforcement ratios according to certain parameters and creating minimum reinforcement ratios regarding preliminary design will provide ease and safety during the project designing. Moreover, it will enable fast and simple examinations in the beginning of project control and evaluation process. By means of the data which could be defined as "preliminary design & minimum reinforcement ratios", a more realistic and safe restriction compared to general minimum reinforcement ratios could be presented. As a result of numerous comprehensive studies, reinforcement ratios to include all certain systems might be obtained. Today, thanks to the development level of finite elements programs which can make reinforced concrete modelling, with the studies that are impossible to carry out beforehand, this deficiency in the minimum reinforcement ratios in the standarts may at least be partially made up with the advisory regulation of preliminary design & minimum reinforcement ratios. As the structure of the system to be examined and the diversity of the parameters range from the specific to the general, preliminary design & minimum reinforcement ratios will approximate to general minimum reinforcement ratios in real terms. By focusing on a more specific system structure and diversity of the parameters, preliminary design and even design reinforcement ratios will be approximated. In this preliminary study, a route between these two extremes was attempted to be followed. Today, it is possible to determine suggested practical ratios for project designs through carrying out numerous studies.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제14권8호
• /
• pp.3656-3664
• /
• 2013

이 연구의 목적은 산학협력중점교수의 업적평가 모형을 개발하여 교수의 업적평가뿐만 아니라 질 관리에 도움을 주려는 것이다. 이를 위하여 2012년도에 교육부로부터 산학협력선도대학(LINC)에 선정된 전국 51개 대학을 포함한 57개 대학의 산학협력중점교수에 대한 규정을 수집 분석하여 산학협력중점교수의 정의 및 인정기준을 명료화하고, 산학협력중점교수의 유형과 각 유형별 역할 및 업무를 규명하였다. 그리고 산학협력중점교수의 핵심역량을 추출하여 업적평가 모형을 평가영역, 평가요소, 평가지표, 단위 등 4가지 범주로 제시하였다. 이 연구결과는 각 대학들로 하여금 산학협력중점교수의 업적평가와 질 관리 방안을 모색하는 데 일종의 준거역할을 할 것으로 기대된다.

• 물과 미래
• /
• 제27권4호
• /
• pp.69-84
• /
• 1994

본 연구의 목적은 갈수기와 풍수기간동안 유입량의 변화에 맞추어 저수지를 최적으로 운영하도록 방류와 저류량을 조절하는 실시간 저수지 운영율을 결정하는 것이다. 최적방류와 저유의 결정은 많은 저수지 운영목적을 충족시켜 목표들을 달성해야 하는 복잡한 의사결정 문제이다. 저수지에서 저류와 방류의 목표는 저수지로 유입되는 유입량의 정도에 따라 달성이라는 충족과 초과 및 미달이라는 편차가 발생한다. 이 편차를 손실로 보아 이 손실에 상응하는 벌과점을 부여하여 벌과손실이 최소가 되도록 저수지의 최적운영을 시도하는 것이다. 본 논문은 대청댐 운영목표로부터 편차손실 곡선을 작성하였으며 곡선의 경사를 손실계수로 운영모형의 목적함수에 반영하여 선형계획기법으로 대청댐 운영에 적용하여 보았다. 그 결과 저수지 운영에서 편차곡선을 이용해서 저류와 방류의 상반성을 반영할 수 있었으며, 유입량의 조건에 따른 목표달성의 정도와 운영의 간편성을 분석함으로 실시간 저수지 운영에서 의사결정을 위한 최적 기준의 설정방향을 제시하였다.

• 대기
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.413-424
• /
• 2013

Urban Heat Island (UHI) intensity is one of vital parameters in studying urban boundary layer meteorology as well as urban planning. Because the UHI intensity is defined as air temperature difference between urban and rural sites, an objective sites selection criterion is necessary for proper quantification of the spatial variations of the UHI intensity. This study quantified the UHI intensity and its spatial pattern, and then analyzed their connections with urban structure and metabolism in Seoul metropolitan area where many kinds of land use and land cover types coexist. In this study, screen-level temperature data in non-precipitation day conditions observed from 29 automatic weather stations (AWS) in Seoul were analyzed to delineate the characteristics of UHI. For quality control of the data, gap test, limit test, and step test based on guideline of World Meteorological Organization were conducted. After classifying all stations by their own local climatological properties, UHI intensity and diurnal temperature range (DTR) are calculated, and then their seasonal patterns are discussed. Maximum UHI intensity was $4.3^{\circ}C$ in autumn and minimum was $3.6^{\circ}C$ in spring. Maximum DTR appeared in autumn as $3.8^{\circ}C$, but minimum was $2.3^{\circ}C$ in summer. UHI intensity and DTR showed large variations with different local climate zones. Despite limited information on accuracy and exposure errors of the automatic weather stations, the observed data from AWS network represented theoretical UHI intensities with difference local climate zone in Seoul.

• 한국산업정보학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국산업정보학회 1999년도 춘계학술대회 발표논문집
• /
• pp.97-105
• /
• 1999

소프트웨어 프로젝트 관리과정의 활동에서 프로젝트 관리자의 중요한 임무는 소프트웨어의 크기와 인적 노력 등을 추정하는 것이다. 최근 소프트웨어 개발에 주로 사용되는 제 4세대 언어(4GL)와 데이터베이스 환경에서 개발되는 응용시스템에 대한 크기를 예측하는 모델은 불행하게도 연구가 미비한 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 4GL로 개발되는 프로젝트 개발 초기 단계에서 수집한 메트릭스를 이용하여 소프트웨어 크기를 예측하는 추정 모델을 제안 한다. 제안된 방법은 상대오차(MRE)를 최소화시키는 방법으로 개발 초기과정에서 얻어지는 측도들의 이상치에 덜 민감한 특성을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서 제안된 모델에 대하여 적합도와 예측력의 성능을 테스트하기 위하여 데이터 셀을 I과 II 2개로 나누어 실험하였다. 실험결과, 추정된 모델의 적합도와 예측력은 데이터 셀 I과 II 모두에서 제안된 MRE 추정방법이 전통적인 방법 LS, RLS보다 우수하게 나타났다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
• /
• pp.199-199
• /
• 2017

This study investigated the aspects of damage due to low temperature treatment in order to establish the damage criterion according to low temperature invasion during regeneration period in wheat after regeneration period in the early spring. We cultivated wheat cultivar 'Geumgang' in Wagner pots and treated them with three types of low temperature, and the gradual temperature change program was set in a low temperature incubator for 12.5 h per day for 5 days during the night time when the length of young spikes was about 1 mm. All treatments except for the control were treated in 5 steps for each temperature. Treatment 1 was treated at the lowest temperature $-5^{\circ}C$ for 5 h, treatment 2 for 7 h at $-5^{\circ}C$, and treatment 3 for 9 h at $-5^{\circ}C$. The most common type of damage was partial infertility, and there were some discolored spikes. The damage rate of wheat spikes treated at $-5^{\circ}C$ for 9 h was the highest, while the damage rates of wheat sprouts treated at 5h and 7h were not different from each other. It was found that the damage of wheat spikes exposed to low temperatures for a long time was large. It is necessary to investigate the aspects of spike damage by duration days of low temperature.