• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.275-289
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• 2023

Fungal isolates from infected Chinese quince trees were found to cause black rot in Yeongcheon, Gyeongsangbuk Province, Korea. The quince leaves withered and turned reddish-brown and fruits underwent black mummification. To elucidate the cause of these symptoms, the pathogen was isolated from infected leaf and fruit tissues on potato dextrose agar and Levan media. Several fungal colonies forming a fluffy white or dark gray mycelium and two types of fungi forming an aerial white mycelium, growing widely at the edges, were isolated. Microscopic observations, investigation of fungal growth characteristics on various media, and molecular identification using an internal transcribed spacer, β-tubulin, and translation elongation factor 1-α genes were performed. The fungal pathogens were identified as Diplodia parva and Diplodia crataegicola. Pathogenicity tests revealed that the pathogen-inoculated fruits exhibited a layered pattern, turning brown rotting; leaves showed circular brown necrotic lesions. The developed symptoms were similar to those observed in the field. Fungal pathogens were reisolated to fulfill Koch's postulates. Apples were inoculated with fungal pathogens to investigate the host range. Strong pathogenicity was evident in the fruits, with browning and rotting symptoms 3 days after inoculation. To determine pathogen control, a fungicidal sensitivity test was conducted using four registered fungicides. Thiophanate-methyl, propineb, and tebuconazole inhibited the mycelial growth of pathogens. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the isolation and identification of the fungal pathogens D. parva and D. crataegicola from infected fruits and leaves of Chinese quince, causing black rot disease in Korea.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.28-42
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• 2023

Objective This study aimed to analyze the efficacy and safety of external washing therapy for seborrheic dermatitis based on randomized controlled clinical studies in China. Methods We used the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) as a data resource and conducted a search using the following key words: "Seborrheic Dermatitis" and "外洗" Seven randomized controlled clinical studies were identified and analyzed in this study. Results 1. The external washing treatment group showed significant changes in total efficiency, relapse rates, Quality of life, and Hamilton depression rating scale, compared with the control group. 2. The most commonly used herbal medicines were Sophorae Radix (苦蔘), Thujae Orientalis Folium (側柏葉), Impatiens balsamina L. (透骨草), Phellodendri Cortex (黃柏), and Stemonae Radix (百部根). Conclusions The results indicate that external washing treatment is effective for patients with seborrheic dermatitis. Futher research on external washing treatment of seborrheic dermatitis in the future may be useful.

• 한국프랜차이즈경영연구
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.13-20
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• 2016

Purpose - In the past, the chain hotel chefs only serve food to their customers. However recently, the hotel chefs play a pivotal role in hotel including considering various customer preferences, safety and nutrition of food, and increasing profits through effective human resource management and inventory control. With the change of the chain hotel chef's' roles, pygmalion leadership, one of new leadership styles, focuses on the effect that leader's positive expectation let subordinates have motivation and more engage in work. This study investigates the effect of chain hotel chef's pygmalion leadership on leader trust and organizational trust. Research design, data, and methodology - This study was to investigate the structural relationships among chain hotel restaurant chefs' pygmalion leadership, hotel restaurant cooks' leader trust, organizational trust, and teamwork, and how leader trust and organizational trust play mediating roles in the relationship between pygmalion leadership and teamwork. In this model, pygmalion leadership includes 4 dimensions: Climate, Feedback, Input, and Output. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaire survey on cooks of Deluxe hotel restaurants located in Seoul and Gyonggi-Do. The samples for data analyses were 243 excepting unusable responses. Result - The findings can be summarized as follows: First, climate and feedback had a positive effect on leader trust, respectively. Second, feedback and output had a statistically positive effect on organizational trust, respectively. Third, leader trust had positive effects on organizational trust and teamwork. Fourth, organizational trust had a significant effect on teamwork. Conclusions - As a chain hotel chef treats his/her staffs sincerely, they will be more engaged in work by establishing trust in their leader. Ultimately, it leads to higher sales profit and customer satisfaction. In addition, a hotel can encourage chefs and other staffs to treat each other as if the student-instructor relations, not just commanding staffs. Then, cooks build up their trust to their leader and organization for its sustained growth and development, and the internal bond in organization including teamwork is strengthened. Therefore, to strengthen teamwork and organizational trust, there should be active communication, knowledge sharing, goal sharing, and cooperation between chefs and cooks.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제29권1D호
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• pp.81-89
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• 2009

형상관리는 생산품의 기능과 생애주기에 걸쳐 생산품의 요구사항, 설계 그리고 운전에 필요한 정보 등의 물리적인 특성 및 생산품의 성능을 일관성 있게 유지하며, 이를 확립하기 위한 관리의 한 부분이다. 최근 형상관리 개념이 조직의 구성과 프로젝트 변경관리를 통한 가치의 창출, 리스크에 의한 가치 보전, 변경관리의 사업관리 분야 적용 등 여러 가지로 형태로 정의되고 있음에도 불구하고, 점차 정립이 진행되어가고 있다. CM은 기본적으로 기록과 프로젝트 성능에 대하여 프로젝트의 범위와 시간, 비용을 만족하도록 제공하고 있다. 해외의 세계적인 기업들은 이미 형상관리 시스템을 도입하여 적용하고 있으며, 그로 인한 효과를 보고 있다. 또한 형상관리는 모든 프로젝트에 대하여 전망과 통찰력을 제공한다. 본 연구는 현재 현장에서 사용 중인 시스템을 검토하고 효율적으로 개선할 수 있도록 현재 이슈가 되고 있는 형상관리의 소개와 적용을 연구하였다. 또한 작업절차에 대한 관련 시스템의 구성과 변경관리 및 형상관리의 방법을 보다 효율적인 프로세스 개선방안을 제시하였다. 마지막으로 이 과정에서 가상 프로젝트에 대한 시나리오를 작성하여 시뮬레이션을 통해 결과를 분석함으로서 본 연구의 실용가능성을 검토하였다.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.167-188
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• 2013

In today's society with its emphasis on unlimited information access, control of available information about high-technology products is often vital to their success. When a product is released, consumers may initially be attracted through information about its remarkable internal and external features. They may also perceive a degree of congruence between their own personalities and the product image as more information becomes available over time. Consumers' changing impressions of the product may influence personality congruence negatively or positively. These changes and their effects on preference for high-technology products are the focus of this paper. A survey was given to a sample of 206 students at K University to investigate the degree to which consumer behavior can be influenced by personality congruence. The need for clear and definite product knowledge in this process and the effect of product information on preference were also investigated. Three analyses were conducted. The results of Analysis 1 showed the influence of personality congruence on preference for high-technology products. Judgments about personality congruence were based on non-compensatory rather than compensatory information processing. The respondents considered certain aspects of a product's personality rather than the product as a whole when making preference decisions. The results of Analysis 2 indicated that when less information was available about a product, consumers who perceived high personality congruence with the product tended to have higher preference for it compared to those who perceived low personality congruence with the product. On the other hand, when consumers were given more information, no difference was observed in the impact of personality on preference between perceived high and low personality congruence. Lastly, the results of Analysis 3 showed that when consumers with high need for closure (NFC) perceived high congruence between their own personalities and a product, objective information regarding the product was not used in decision-making: instead, judgments about the product were based on perceived personality congruence. On the other hand, high-NFC consumers who perceived low personality congruence between themselves and the product tended to require more information about the product in order to give it a positive evaluation. In contrast, low-NFC consumers who perceived high personality congruence felt comfortable with large amounts of information. For low-NFC consumers who perceived low congruence, the level of information had no influence on preference.

• 현장농수산연구지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.71-76
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• 2019

말의학에서 선천성 사경에 관한 임상병리학적 보고는 없었다. 본 연구의 목적은 선천성 사경을 동반한 신생망아지의 혈액화학을 평가하기 위함이다. Thoroughbred 망아지(암)가 341일의 정상 임신기간을 거쳐서 태어났다. 평가 결과는 다음과 같다. 혈액화학검사에서 CK (creatine kinase), LDH (lactate dehydrogenase) 그리고 Na은 상당히 증가하였으나 Cl는 심각하게 감소하였다. 결론적으로, 목근육의 세포는 망아지의 임상병리학적 수치에 영향을 미쳤다. 이는 선천성 사경의 원인이 경추와 같은 뼈의 문제뿐만 아니라 근육장애일 수 있다. 저자들이 알기로는 본 논문은 신생망아지의 사경증에 관한 최초의 임상병리 보고서이다. 이 자료는 선천성 결손을 가진 망아지의 임상병리 해석에 참고가 될 것으로 기대된다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.603-620
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• 2023

Objectives: This study reviewed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the efficacy of herbal medicine on sleep disorders associated with Parkinson's disease and suggests a better research process. Methods: We searched for RCTs for herbal medicine treatments for sleep disorders related to Parkinson's disease on July 31, 2023 using eight databases (PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure [CNKI], the Research Information Service System [RISS], Science ON, the Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System [OASIS], and the Korea Citation Index [KCI]). Cochrane's risk of bias tool was used to assess the quality of the RCTs. Results: A total of 16 RCTs met all the inclusion criteria, and in most reports, the treatment group showed a significant improvement in sleep disorders compared to the control group. Total effective rate (TER), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), TCM Symptom Score (TSS), Parkinson's Disease Sleep Scale (PDSS), etc., were used as evaluation indicators. Conclusion: Herbal medicine is a potential treatment for sleep disorders associated with Parkinson's disease. However, the selected RCTs were of poor quality, and it is necessary to perform more systematic studies.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제65권4호
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• pp.698-719
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• 2023

Postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) is caused by a systemic inflammation after porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) infection. It was one of the most economically important pathogens affecting pig production worldwide before PCV2 vaccine was first introduced in 2006. After the development of a vaccine against PCV2a type, pig farms gradually restored enormous economic losses from PMWS. However, vaccine against PCV2a type could not be fully effective against several different PCV2 genotypes (PCV2b - PCV2h). In addition, PCV2a vaccine itself could generate antigenic drift of PCV2 capsid. Therefore, PCV2 infection still threats pig industry worldwide. PCV2 infection was initially found in local tissues including reproductive, respiratory, and digestive tracks. However, PCV2 infection often leads to a systemic inflammation which can cause severe immunosuppression by depleting peripheral lymphocytes in secondary lymphoid tissues. Subsequently, a secondary infection with other microorganisms can cause PMWS. Eleven putative open reading frames (ORFs) have been predicted to encode PCV2 genome. Among them, gene products of six ORFs from ORF1 to ORF6 have been identified and characterized to estimate its functional role during PCV2 infection. Acquiring knowledge about the specific interaction between each PCV2 ORF protein and host protein might be a key to develop preventive or therapeutic tools to control PCV2 infection. In this article, we reviewed current understanding of how each ORF of PCV2 manipulates host cell signaling related to immune suppression caused by PCV2.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.69-78
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• 2023

This investigation delves into the adverse repercussions stemming from the impact of arsenic on steel pipes concealed within soil designated for rice cultivation. Simultaneously, the study aims to ascertain effective techniques for detecting arsenic in the soil and to provide strategies for mitigating the corrosion of steel pipes. The realm of nanotechnology presents promising avenues for addressing the intricate intersection of renewable energy, oil, and environmental pollution from a novel perspective. Nanostructured materials, characterized by distinct chemical and physical attributes, unveil novel pathways for pioneering materials that exert a substantial impact across diverse realms of food production, storage, packaging, and quality control. Within the scope of the food industry, the scope of nanotechnology encompasses processes, storage methodologies, packaging paradigms, and safeguards to ensure the safety of consumables. Of particular note, silver nanoparticles, in addition to their commendable antibacterial efficacy, boast anti-fungal and anti-inflammatory prowess, environmental compatibility, minimal irritability and allergenicity, resilience to microbial antagonism, thermal stability, and robustness. Confronting the pressing issue of arsenic contamination within both environmental settings and the food supply is of paramount importance to preserve public health and ecological equilibrium. In response, this study introduces detection kits predicated upon silver nanoparticles, providing an expeditious and economically feasible avenue for identifying arsenic concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 3 ppm within rice. Subsequent quantification employs Hydride Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (HG-AAS), which features a detection threshold of 0.05 ㎍/l. A salient advantage inherent in the HG-AAS methodology lies in its capacity to segregate analytes from the sample matrix, thereby significantly reducing instances of spectral interference. Importantly, the presence of arsenic in the soil beneath rice cultivation establishes a causative link to steel pipe corrosion, with potential consequences extending to food contamination-an intricate facet embedded within the broader tapestry of renewable energy, oil, and environmental pollution.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.59-72
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• 2024

A comprehensive survey of mungbean-growing areas was conducted to observe leaf spot disease caused by Alternaria alternata. Alternaria leaf spot symptoms were observed on the leaves. Diversity of 50 genotypes of mungbean was assessed against A. alternata and data on pathological traits was subjected to cluster analysis. The results showed that genotypes of mungbean were grouped into four clusters based on resistance parameters under the influence of disease. The principal component biplot demonstrated that all the disease-related parameters (% disease incidence, % disease intensity, lesion area, and % of infection) were strongly correlated with each other. Alt a 1 gene that is precisely found in Alternaria species and is responsible for virulence and pathogenicity. Alt a 1 gene was amplified using gene specific primers. The isolated pathogen produced similar symptoms when inoculated on mungbean and tobacco. The sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, a 600 bp fragment amplified using specific primers, ITS1 and ITS2 showed 100% identity with A. alternata. Potato virus X (PVX) -based silencing vector expressing Alt a 1 gene was constructed to control this pathogen through RNA interference in tobacco. Out of 50 inoculated plants, 9 showed delayed onset of disease. Furthermore, to confirm our findings at molecular level semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was used. Both phenotypic and molecular investigation indicated that RNAi induced through the VIGS vector was efficacious in resisting the pathogen in the model host, Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). To the best of our knowledge, this study has been reported for the first time.