• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.476-487
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• 2017

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the effects of cognitive behavior therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) based on the mobile social networking service (SNS) on dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep, sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, depression, and quality of life among rotatingshift nurses in a hospital in Korea. Methods: A nonequivalent control group pre-post test design was used. The participants included 55 nurses with rotating three-shift work (25 in the experimental group and 30 in the control group). For the experimental group, CBT-I using mobile SNS was provided once a week for 60 minutes over six weeks. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, $x^2-test$, independent samples t-test, and Mann-whitney U test with the SPSS 21.0 program. Results: In the homogeneity test of the general characteristics and study variables, there were no significant differences between the two groups. Nurses in the experimental group had significantly lower scores on dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes regarding sleep and sleepiness than nurses in the control group. Nurses in the experimental group had significantly higher scores on sleep quality and quality of life than nurses in the control group. Conclusion: These findings indicate that using the mobile SNS-based CBT-I is feasible and has significant and positive treatment-related effects on rotating-shift nurses' irrational thoughts and beliefs in association with sleep, sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, and quality of life. These contribute to expanding our knowledge of rotating-shift nurses' sleep issues and their preferences for intervention.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.18
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• pp.7679-7686
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• 2014

Background: This study aimed to seek insights into Chinese women's lay beliefs about cervical cancer causal attributions and prevention. Materials and Methods: Twenty-three new immigrant adult women from Mainland China and thirty-five Hong Kong adult women underwent semi-structured in-depth interviews. Interviews were audio taped, transcribed and analyzed using a Grounded Theory approach. Results: This study generated three foci: causal beliefs about cervical cancer, perceived risk of cervical cancer, and beliefs about cervical cancer prevention. Personal risky practices, contaminated food and environment pollution were perceived as the primary causes of cervical cancer. New immigrant women more likely attributed cervical cancer to external factors. Most participants perceived cervical cancer as an important common fatal female cancer with increased risk/prevalence. Many participants, particularly new immigrant women participants, expressed helplessness about cervical cancer prevention due to lack of knowledge of prevention, it being perceived as beyond individual control. Many new immigrant participants had never undergone regular cervical screening while almost all Hong Kong participants had done so. Conclusions: Some Chinese women hold pessimistic beliefs about cervical cancer prevention with inadequate knowledge about risk factors. Future cervical cancer prevention programs should provide more information and include capacity building to increase Chinese women's knowledge and self-efficacy towards cervical cancer prevention.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.443-452
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• 2018

Purpose: This purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) counseling program on self-efficacy and adjustment to college life for nursing freshmen. Methods: This study used a nonequivalent control pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design. Thirty-eight new nursing students were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (n=18) or a control group (n=20) recruited from a four-year nursing college. An REBT counseling program was composed of 8 group sessions of orientation, understanding the theory of REBT, finding irrational beliefs, internalizing rational beliefs, and closing over a duration of 5 weeks. The duration of each session was 90 minutes. Self-efficacy and adjustment to school life were measured by the Sherer's Self-Efficacy Scale and Baker & Siryk's Student Adjustment to College before and after the REBT counseling program. Data were analyzed using t-tests and paired t-tests. Results: The experimental group showed a significant improvement in self-efficacy compared to the control group. There was no significant change in college life adjustment between the experimental and control groups. Conclusion: An REBT counseling program could be applied as an effective program in enhancing self-efficacy resulting in positive and goal-oriented behavior for new nursing students in college.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.267-286
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to understand the structures underlying Korean elementary teachers' attitudinal beliefs toward reform-oriented mathematics instruction and predict their intentions to change traditionally-oriented teaching practice. The theory of planned behavior (TPB) developed by Fishbein and Ajzen provided a conceptual framework for the examination of factors that influence Korean teachers' beliefs, attitudes, subjective norms and perceptions of control factors. Data were gathered through a survey instrument from 281 teachers who teach mathematics in a metropolitan city of Korea. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analyses were conducted to analyze the data. Findings indicate that Korean elementary teachers' change in Instructional practice is based primarily on their judgements regarding the likelihood of occurrences of certain consequences if they engage in teaching mathematics in a reform-oriented way. Teachers' perceptions of important others regarding the reform-oriented mathematics instruction seem to play a minor role in teachers' instructional change. Teachers' perceptions about control factors that prohibit or help teach mathematics in a reform-oriented way do not seem to make significant improvement in predicting their intentions to change traditionally-oriented teaching practice.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.48 no.10
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• pp.77-88
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• 2010

This study examined the effect of parents' neglect behavior and children's irrational beliefs on children's anger expression style. The participants were 379 5th and 6th grade elementary school children. The major findings were as follows. Children tended to perceive higher levels of their parents' cognitive and emotional neglect than physical and home environmental neglect. Boys perceived higher levels of their parents' physical, supervisory and home environmental neglect than girls, and girls showed higher level of excessively self-expecting belief than boys. There were statistically significant correlations between the parents' neglect behavior, their child's irrational beliefs and anger expression style. A regression analysis showed that parents' physical and cognitive neglect were predictors of children's anger control. Children's excessive apprehension and avoidance beliefs were the best predictors of children's anger-in, while children's deterministic belief was the best predictor of children's anger-out. Parents' physical neglect behavior appeared to be powerful predictor.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.45-54
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• 2020

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to examine differences in weight control practices, beliefs, self-efficacy, and eating behaviors of weight class athletes according to weight control level. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Subjects were weight class athletes from colleges in Gyeong-gi Province. Subjects (n = 182) responded to a questionnaire assessing study variables by self-report, and data on 151 athletes were used for statistical analysis. Subjects were categorized into High vs. Normal Weight Loss (HWL, NWL) groups depending on weight control level. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANCOVA, x²-test, and multiple logistic regressions. RESULTS: Seventy-three percent of subjects were in the HWL group. The two groups showed significant differences in weight control practices such as frequency (P < 0.01), duration and magnitude of weight loss, methods, and satisfaction with weight control (P < 0.001). Multiple logistic regression showed that self-efficacy (OR: 0.846, 95% CI: 0.730, 0.980), eating behaviors during training period (OR: 1.285, 95% CI: 1.112, 1.485), and eating behaviors during the weight control period (OR: 0.731, 95% CI: 0.620, 0.863) were associated with weight control level. Compared to NWL athletes, HWL athletes agreed more strongly on the disadvantages of rapid weight loss (P < 0.05 - P < 0.01), perceived less confidence in controlling overeating after matches (P < 0.001), and making weight within their weight class (P < 0.05). HWL athletes showed more inappropriate eating behaviors than NWL athletes, especially during the weight control period (P < 0.05 - P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Self-efficacy was lower and eating behaviors during pre-competition period were more inadequate in HWL athletes. Education programs should include strategies to help athletes apply appropriate methods for weight control, increase self-efficacy, and adopt desirable eating behaviors.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.1-13
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• 2011

Objectives: This study investigated beliefs of Koreans on the usefulness of various resources they use to alleviate depressive symptoms and to identify factors affecting the beliefs on different approaches to depressive symptoms. Methods: A household survey was conducted on a stratified sample of adults of age 18~74 (N=1,607) in 2009. The participants were asked to read a case vignette of depression and to provide their opinion about usefulness of 39 types of resources as ways of addressing the symptoms. Factors affecting opinions on usefulness of various resources were examined with logistic regression. Results: The three approaches identified via factor analysis were believed to be useful in the order of 'psychological/relational/activity-oriented', 'lifestyle/cultural', and 'physical/medical' approaches. The logistic regression analyses revealed that correct recognition of symptoms increased the likelihood of positive opinion about psychological and physical approaches, and so did having current symptoms about physical and popular approaches. Past help-seeking experience increased the likelihood of negative opinion about physical approach, however. Conclusions: Strategies to adopt various types of resources need to be developed, including rigorous use of psychosocial methods, mechanisms to control service quality, and the integration of diverse resources into the current community mental health services.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.109-118
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• 2015

The main purpose of this study is to get insight into the essential cognitive basis of local food purchase behavior based on Ajzen's (1991) theory of planned behavior. By asking open-ended questions using an online survey, participants' (n=163) salient behavioral, normative, and control beliefs in regard to local food purchase were assessed and analyzed. The most salient advantage was supporting local economy, followed by freshness, knowledge of where the food came from and how it was handled, environmental benefits, and health benefits. Assessing to consumers' normative beliefs found that local businesses, local farmers, family, local people, and friends were the most frequently mentioned individuals or groups who would approve consumers' local food purchasing. In contrast, the most salient barrier was inconvenient store location and time, followed by higher prices, limited availability and variety, and limited knowledge about where to buy local food.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.90-97
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• 2018

Objectives: Thirdhand smoke (THS) refers to residual tobacco smoke pollutants that remain after cigarette smoking. The purpose of this study was to determine predictors of the belief among adults in Korea that THS is harmful to children. Methods: A population-based sample of 3,000 adults (${\geq}19$ years) among a web-based panel in Korea was obtained in November 2016. The respondents filled out questionnaires, including THS beliefs, smoking status, presence of voluntary smoke-free rules at home, and support for the implementation of smoke-free regulations at home. THS beliefs were assessed with a statement that staying in a room today where people smoked yesterday can harm the health of children. Results: Overall, 92.2 % of adults believed that THS exposure could harm the health of children. Respondents who were nonsmokers, believed that SHS exposure were associated with pneumonia of children, lived in home with complete smoke-free rule at home, and supported the implementation of smoke-free regulation at home were more likely to believe that THS could harm for health of children. Conclusions: The majority of Korean adults believed that THS exposure could harm the health of children. Predictors identified in the study can be useful to address the risk of THS beliefs and promote implementation of tobacco control policies.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.222-229
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• 2001

This study describes the application of the stages of change construct to fat intake by examining the associations of the stages of change with nutritional status and beliefs on health behavior. Data were obtained from apparently healthy 596 adults(326 females and 270 males) residing in large cities. Stages of change assessed by an algorithms based on 6 items were designed each subject into one of the 5 stages: precontemplation(PC), contemplation(CO), preparation(PR), action(AC) and maintenance(MA). Beliefs on health behavior were assessed by self efficacy as well as 4 belief scales from the Locus of Illness Control(LIC) developed using factor analysis such as internal disease cure and prevention and external disease cure and prevention. Energy and fat intakes were measured by a 39 item short form food frequency questionnaire. Regarding the 5 stages of change, MA stage comprised the largest group(37.9%), followed by Ac(30.7%), PC(11.4%), CO(10.4%) and PR(9.6%). Subjects who were females, older or healthier were more likely to belong to either AC or MA. Stage assignment of individuals was corroborated by their nutritional variables. Those in PC had the most energy and fat and those in MA ate the least for females. BMI was higher in PR than any other stages for both males and females. Those in PC were distinctive in that they were more externally oriented in terms of health control showing higher scores on external disease prevention(for males) and external disease cure(for females), and lower score on internal disease cure. On the other hand, those in MA received the highest scores on internal disease prevention and self efficacy, which suggested that they were more internally oriented. Canonical discriminant function analysis indicated that the 5 stages were importantly discriminated by BMI, self efficacy, internal disease prevention and external disease prevention for males and by fat intake, self efficacy and external disease cure variables for females. The results of our study confirm differences in stages of change in fat intake in terms of nutritional status and beliefs on heath behavior and indicate the need for taking these phases of change into account in nutrition advice. (Korean J Nutrition 34(2) : 222-229, 2001)