• 제목/요약/키워드: Contrast Analysis

검색결과 3,308건 처리시간 0.031초

Noninvasive Biomarker for Predicting Treatment Response to Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma

  • Chung, Yong Eun;Park, Jun Yong;Choi, Jin-Young;Kim, Myeong-Jin;Park, Mi-suk;Seong, Jinsil
    • Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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    • 제23권4호
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    • pp.351-360
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    • 2019
  • Purpose: To investigate noninvasive biomarkers for predicting treatment response in patients with locally advanced HCC who underwent concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRTx). Materials and Methods: Thirty patients (55.5 ± 10.2 years old, M:F = 24:6) who underwent CCRTx due to advanced HCC were enrolled. Contrast-enhanced US (CEUS) and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were obtained before and immediately after CCRTx. The third CEUS was obtained at one month after CCRTx was completed. Response was assessed at three months after CCRTx based on RECIST 1.1. Quantitative imaging biomarkers measured with CEUS and MRI were compared between groups. A cutoff value was calculated with ROC analysis. Overall survival (OS) was compared by the Breslow method. Results: Twenty-five patients were categorized into the non-progression group and five patients were categorized into the progression group. Peak enhancement of the first CEUS before CCRTx (PE1) was significantly lower in the non-progression group (median, 18.6%; IQR, 20.9%) than that in the progression group (median, 59.1%; IQR, 13.5%; P = 0.002). There was no significant difference in other quantitative biomarkers between the two groups. On ROC analysis, with a cutoff value of 42.6% in PE1, the non-progression group was diagnosed with a sensitivity of 90.9% and a specificity of 100%. OS was also significantly longer in patients with PE1 < 42.6% (P = 0.014). Conclusion: Early treatment response and OS could be predicted by PE on CEUS before CCRTx in patients with HCC.

비균일 양자화 기법에 기반을 둔 GLCM의 성능개선 (A Performance Improvement of GLCM Based on Nonuniform Quantization Method)

  • 조용현
    • 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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    • 제25권2호
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    • pp.133-138
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    • 2015
  • 본 논문에서는 비균일 양자화에 기반을 둔 영상의 질감분석에 널리 이용되고 있는 gray level co-occurrence matrix(GLCM)의 성능개선을 제안하였다. 여기서 비균일 양자화는 평균자승오차의 최소화를 위한 반복계산 기법인 Lloyd 알고리즘을 이용하였다. 이는 영상에서의 비균일 양자화 과정으로 얻어지는 비선형의 명암레벨을 GLCM의 생성에 이용함으로써 행렬의 차원을 감소시켜, GLCM의 생성과 질감특성 파라미터들의 계산에 따른 부하를 줄이기 위함이다. 제안된 기법을 30개의 $120{\times}120$ 픽셀의 256 그레이 레벨을 가진 영상들을 대상으로 적용하여 angular second moment, contrast, variance, entropy, correlation, inverse difference moment 6개의 질감특성 파라미터들을 각각 계산한 실험결과, 양자화를 수행하지 않은 256 레벨 GLCM에 비해 계산시간과 저장 공간에서 개선된 성능이 있음을 확인하였다. 특히 48, 32, 16, 12, 8의 비균일 양자화 레벨 중에서 16일 때 가장 우수한 질감특성분석 성능이 있음을 알 수 있었다.

뇌동맥류 코일 색전술 시 Bismuth 차폐체 설치에 따른 입사 표면 선량 평가 및 화질 평가 (Evaluation of entrance surface dose and image quality according to the installation of Bismuth shield in the case of endovascular treatment of cerebral aneurysm)

  • 김재석;김영길;최재호
    • 한국정보통신학회논문지
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    • 제23권7호
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    • pp.779-785
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    • 2019
  • 인체공학적으로 개발된 Bismuth 차폐체를 뇌동맥류 코일 색전술에 적용함으로써 의료방사선 피폭으로부터 두피 및 수정체의 방사선 피폭을 감소시키고자 하였다. 광자극 형광 선량계를 이용하여 후두부, 양쪽 측두부, 양쪽 수정체부, 코 끝부를 개발된 Bismuth 차폐체를 사용 전 (A그룹) 후 (B그룹)로 측정하여 입사 표면 선량을 분석하였다. Bismuth 차폐체를 사용할 경우 화질에 대한 평가를 Signal to noise ratio (SNR)과 Contrast to noise ratio (CNR) 분석을 했다. A 그룹과 B 그룹의 입사 표면 평균 선량을 비교한 결과 A 그룹에 비해 B 그룹에서 평균 26.92% 감소되었다. CNR과 SNR의 분석은 로드맵과 디지털 감산조영 모두 동일하게 측정되었다. Bismuth 차폐체의 사용은 뇌혈관 중재적 시술 후 나타날 수 있는 일시적 탈모 및 기타 확률적 영향에 따른 방사선 장애를 화질의 저하 없이 감소시킬 수 있는 대안이 될 것으로 사료된다.

The Comparison between Tanzanian Indigenous (Ufipa Breed) and Commercial Broiler (Ross Chicken) Meat on the Physicochemical Characteristics, Collagen and Nucleic Acid Contents

  • Mussa, Ngassa Julius;Kibonde, Suma Fahamu;Boonkum, Wuttigrai;Chankitisakul, Vibuntita
    • 한국축산식품학회지
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    • 제42권5호
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    • pp.833-848
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    • 2022
  • The objective of this study was to characterize the meat quality traits that affect the texture and savory taste of Ufipa indigenous chickens by comparing the proximate composition, physical characteristics, collagen, and nucleic acid contents with those of commercial broilers. It was found that Ufipa chicken breast and thigh meat had a higher protein content (p<0.05) than broiler chicken meat, whereas the fat content was lower (p<0.01). The moisture content of thigh meat was lower in Ufipa chicken meat than in broiler chicken meat (p<0.05). Regarding meat color, broiler chickens had considerably higher L* and b* than Ufipa chickens in both the breast and the thigh meat, except for a* (p<0.01). Regarding water holding capacity, Ufipa chicken breast exhibited higher drip loss but lower thawing and cooking losses than broiler chicken (p<0.01). In contrast, its thigh meat had a much lower drip and thawing losses but higher cooking losses (p<0.01). The shear force of Ufipa chickens' breasts and thighs was higher than that of broiler chickens (p<0.05), while the amount of total collagen in the thigh meat was higher than that of broiler chickens (p<0.05). Additionally, the inosine-5'-monophosphate (IMP) of Ufipa chicken breast and thigh meat was higher than that of broiler meat (p<0.05). The principal component analysis of meat quality traits provides a correlation between the proximate and physical-chemical prosperties of both breeds with some contrast. In conclusion, the present study provides information on healthy food with good-tasting Ufipa indigenous chickens, which offer a promising market due to consumers' preferences.

Cone-beam computed tomography texture analysis can help differentiate odontogenic and non-odontogenic maxillary sinusitis

  • Andre Luiz Ferreira Costa;Karolina Aparecida Castilho Fardim;Isabela Teixeira Ribeiro;Maria Aparecida Neves Jardini;Paulo Henrique Braz-Silva;Kaan Orhan;Sergio Lucio Pereira de Castro Lopes
    • Imaging Science in Dentistry
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    • 제53권1호
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    • pp.43-51
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    • 2023
  • Purpose: This study aimed to assess texture analysis(TA) of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images as a quantitative tool for the differential diagnosis of odontogenic and non-odontogenic maxillary sinusitis(OS and NOS, respectively). Materials and Methods: CBCT images of 40 patients diagnosed with OS (N=20) and NOS (N=20) were evaluated. The gray level co-occurrence (GLCM) matrix parameters, and gray level run length matrix texture (GLRLM) parameters were extracted using manually placed regions of interest on lesion images. Seven texture parameters were calculated using GLCM and 4 parameters using GLRLM. The Mann-Whitney test was used for comparisons between the groups, and the Levene test was performed to confirm the homogeneity of variance (α=5%). Results: The results showed statistically significant differences(P<0.05) between the OS and NOS patients regarding 3 TA parameters. NOS patients presented higher values for contrast, while OS patients presented higher values for correlation and inverse difference moment. Greater textural homogeneity was observed in the OS patients than in the NOS patients, with statistically significant differences in standard deviations between the groups for correlation, sum of squares, sum of entropy, and entropy. Conclusion: TA enabled quantitative differentiation between OS and NOS on CBCT images by using the parameters of contrast, correlation, and inverse difference moment.

Prognostic Value of Artificial Intelligence-Driven, Computed Tomography-Based, Volumetric Assessment of the Volume and Density of Muscle in Patients With Colon Cancer

  • Minsung Kim;Sang Min Lee;Il Tae Son;Taeyong Park;Bo Young Oh
    • Korean Journal of Radiology
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    • 제24권9호
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    • pp.849-859
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    • 2023
  • Objective: The prognostic value of the volume and density of skeletal muscles in the abdominal waist of patients with colon cancer remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between the automated computed tomography (CT)-based volume and density of the muscle in the abdominal waist and survival outcomes in patients with colon cancer. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 474 patients with colon cancer who underwent surgery with curative intent between January 2010 and October 2017. Volumetric skeletal muscle index and muscular density were measured at the abdominal waist using artificial intelligence (AI)-based volumetric segmentation of body composition on preoperative pre-contrast CT images. Patients were grouped based on their skeletal muscle index (sarcopenia vs. not) and muscular density (myosteatosis vs. not) values and combinations (normal, sarcopenia alone, myosteatosis alone, and combined sarcopenia and myosteatosis). Postsurgical disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed using univariable and multivariable analyses, including multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression. Results: Univariable analysis showed that DFS and OS were significantly worse for the sarcopenia group than for the non-sarcopenia group (P = 0.044 and P = 0.003, respectively, by log-rank test) and for the myosteatosis group than for the non-myosteatosis group (P < 0.001 by log-rank test for all). In the multivariable analysis, the myosteatotic muscle type was associated with worse DFS (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.89 [95% confidence interval, 1.25-2.86]; P = 0.003) and OS (aHR, 1.90 [95% confidence interval, 1.84-3.04]; P = 0.008) than the normal muscle type. The combined muscle type showed worse OS than the normal muscle type (aHR, 1.95 [95% confidence interval, 1.08-3.54]; P = 0.027). Conclusion: Preoperative volumetric sarcopenia and myosteatosis, automatically assessed from pre-contrast CT scans using AI-based software, adversely affect survival outcomes in patients with colon cancer.

Tumor Habitat Analysis Using Longitudinal Physiological MRI to Predict Tumor Recurrence After Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Brain Metastasis

  • Da Hyun Lee;Ji Eun Park;NakYoung Kim;Seo Young Park;Young-Hoon Kim;Young Hyun Cho;Jeong Hoon Kim;Ho Sung Kim
    • Korean Journal of Radiology
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    • 제24권3호
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    • pp.235-246
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    • 2023
  • Objective: It is difficult to predict the treatment response of tissue after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) because radiation necrosis (RN) and tumor recurrence can coexist. Our study aimed to predict tumor recurrence, including the recurrence site, after SRS of brain metastasis by performing a longitudinal tumor habitat analysis. Materials and Methods: Two consecutive multiparametric MRI examinations were performed for 83 adults (mean age, 59.0 years; range, 27-82 years; 44 male and 39 female) with 103 SRS-treated brain metastases. Tumor habitats based on contrast-enhanced T1- and T2-weighted images (structural habitats) and those based on the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and cerebral blood volume (CBV) images (physiological habitats) were defined using k-means voxel-wise clustering. The reference standard was based on the pathology or Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncologycriteria for brain metastases (RANO-BM). The association between parameters of single-time or longitudinal tumor habitat and the time to recurrence and the site of recurrence were evaluated using the Cox proportional hazards regression analysis and Dice similarity coefficient, respectively. Results: The mean interval between the two MRI examinations was 99 days. The longitudinal analysis showed that an increase in the hypovascular cellular habitat (low ADC and low CBV) was associated with the risk of recurrence (hazard ratio [HR], 2.68; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.46-4.91; P = 0.001). During the single-time analysis, a solid low-enhancing habitat (low T2 and low contrast-enhanced T1 signal) was associated with the risk of recurrence (HR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.01-2.35; P = 0.045). A hypovascular cellular habitat was indicative of the future recurrence site (Dice similarity coefficient = 0.423). Conclusion: After SRS of brain metastases, an increased hypovascular cellular habitat observed using a longitudinal MRI analysis was associated with the risk of recurrence (i.e., treatment resistance) and was indicative of recurrence site. A tumor habitat analysis may help guide future treatments for patients with brain metastases.

CT 검사 시 조영제 자동주입기 Y자 연결관의 크기에 따른 PSI(pound per square inch)의 차이 분석 (Analysis of the Maximum Pressure Difference of PSI(pound per square inch) depending on the Size of the Y-shape Connecting Tube of the Automatic Contrast Medium Injector)

  • 김현진;임인철
    • 한국방사선학회논문지
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    • 제11권4호
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    • pp.247-252
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    • 2017
  • 조영제의 혈관외유출을 한번이라도 경험한 방사선사들은 혈관외유출의 발생에 대한 두려움으로 검사하는 동안 정신적 고통을 수반하게 된다. 환자의 경우 심한 신체적, 정신적 고통과 의료진 및 의료에 대한 불신을 갖게 되므로 미연에 예방할 수 있는 방안의 마련이 무엇보다 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 조영제 주입 시 압력인 PSI를 낮추어 혈관외유출을 예방하고자 하며 그 방안으로 자동주입기와 환자의 정맥주사바늘에 연결되는 Y자 형태의 연결관(connecting tube)의 직경에 따른 조영제 주입 시 PSI의 변화를 비교 분석하고자 하였다. Y형태의 연결관 직경이 약 2 mm 정도인 A제품의 경우 전체 평균 연령의 PSI는 98.5, 표준편차 9.72로 나타났다. 연결관 직경 약 3 mm 정도인 B제품의 경우 전체 연령의 평균 PSI는 62.0, 표준편차 8.59로 나타났다. 이것은 직경이 더 넓은 B제품의 경우 A제품과 비교했을 때 평균압력이 37.05% 감소한 결과이다.

뇌 수막종 및 낭종에서 자기공명영상 펄스 시퀀스 변화에 따른 신호대잡음비의 통계적 접근 (Statistical Approach of Measurement of Signal to Noise Ratio in According to Change Pulse Sequence on Brain MRI Meningioma and Cyst Images)

  • 이을규;최관우;정회원;장서구;김기원;손순룡;민정환;손진현
    • 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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    • 제39권3호
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    • pp.345-352
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    • 2016
  • 본 연구는 뇌 자기공명영상에서 질환관심영역(ROI)을 설정하여 신호대잡음비(SNR)를 펄스 시퀀스 별로 분석하여 MRI CAD 개발에 필요한 기초자료를 활용하고자 하는 것이 본 연구의 목적이다. 연구대상은 2005년 1월부터 2015년 12월까지 서울소재 대학병원에서 뇌 조영자기공명영상(Brain MRI Contrast Enhancement)을 검사한 환자 117명이다. 측정이 용이한 질환 2종류 수막종(Meningioma), 낭종(Cyst)을 측정대상으로 하였고, 측정방법은 Image J 프로그램을 사용하였다. 뇌질환의 SNR값을 측정하여 SPSS Statistics21 통계프로그램으로 ANOVA 분석을 하였으며 p < 0.05에서 유의한 것으로 판단하였다. 표본의 인구사회학적 특성, 시퀀스별 SNR의 평균값, 95% 신뢰 구간 값, SNR 평균차이 값 등을 분석하였다. 각 질환의 시퀀스별 분석결과는 Meningioma: T1CE > T2 > T1, FLAIR (p<0.05); Cyst: T2 > T1, T1CE > FLAIR (p < 0.05)였다. SNR 수치로 시퀀스들의 특징을 조합하여 질환의 특성을 파악할 수 있어 향후 자기공명영상검사의 정확성과 편의성을 제공하고, 판독보조진단 프로그램 개발의 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

깊이감 향상을 위한 질감, 색온도, 대비비 관련 특성 연구 (A study on characteristics related to texture, colour temperature and contrast ratio to improve the depth of stereoscopic images)

  • 홍지영
    • 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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    • 제18권4호
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    • pp.37-42
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    • 2018
  • 디지털 영상 제작 기술의 발전으로 입체 영상 기술의 개발도 활발히 이루어지고 있으며 이에 따라 입체 영상을 탑재하기 위한 첨단 디스플레이의 연구 및 개발도 동일하게 진행되고 있다. 3D 영상 시청 시 발생할 수 있는 다양한 문제점이 제시되고 있는데 시청자는 인위적 방식으로 제공되는 영상의 깊이감을 지각하면서 시각피로를 경험하기에 시각피로와 같은 부정적 휴먼 팩터가 가장 대두되는 이슈 중 하나이며, 3D 영상의 지속적 유지에 영향을 주는 요인이라 할 수 있다. 그러므로 2D 영상에서 제공되는 그래픽 영상 중 깊이감에 영향을 주는 요인을 파악하고 이를 통한 영상 처리 방법을 개발하여 시각 피로감 없는 입체 영상을 재현할 수 있다는 가정 아래 깊이감 관련 실험을 진행하고 이를 분석하였다. 이를 위해 깊이감 관련 요인 중 질감, 색온도, 대비비를 차등적으로 그래픽 영상에 적용하여 깊이감에 가장 큰 요인에 대해 분석하고 아노바 분산분석을 통해 교호작용을 검증하였다. 본 연구에서 진행된 실험결과를 분석하여 깊이감과 관련 있는 요인의 유의미 여부를 정의하고 깊이감 향상을 위한 방안을 제시한다.