• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.266-272
• /
• 2009

This study was conducted survey on fruit and vegetables farms (FM), consulting companies (CC), and the consultants (CT) to investigation actual conditions and improvements in consulting part of horticulture. In results of survey on FM, FM chose 'necessity' on consulting for learning of production skill and 'field visit' in means of consulting. FM had a low trust on experience and knowledge of CT and answered that FM had not enough time for consulting by reason of over-work of CT, chose 'necessity' on crop registration system. In results of common questions among FM, CC, and CT, same answer of questions were term of contract (answer: yearly contract), means of consulting (answer: visit), consulting time per a visit (answer: $2{\sim}3$hours). Different answer between supplier (CC, CT) and consumer of consulting were decision method of contract price (answer: provisional contract$\neq$contents and the quality of consulting), percentage of government subsidy (answer: propriety$\neq$step-up).

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
• /
• v.60
• /
• pp.27-46
• /
• 2013

The Incoterms and United Nations Convention on Contract for the international Sales of Goods(CISG) allocate a risk in their articles. These rules make a decision that the parties who make a transaction are bound to bear the risk or damages of goods. Though a goods have a damages or loss during a transportation, buyer is liable for the payment of purchase price. In this case, this paper defines the meaning whether who can bear the risk under Incoterms and CISG. In the majority cases which deal between parties, after shipment or at the end of carriage, the loss or damages are found in buyer's hand. If a damages or loss is made during transit, customarily these risk are covered by insurance. Otherwise, these rules provide a tools for solving this problems. Then, between parties should be accomplished their target equitably.

• The Journal of Information Systems
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.135-153
• /
• 2004

The formation of a supply chain should be approached with distributive viewpoint considering the dynamic nature of ordering environments. The purpose of this paper is to design a semantic web to support agent negotiation forming supply chains. With the view of a supply chain as composed of competitive agents which represent each member of supply chains with a local goal, a supply chain is formed through negotiation of price, due date choosing partners to contract. In the development of a negotiation method, we employ ontology and rules which are the basic techniques of the semantic web for supporting automated negotiations. Especially, a framework for a negotiation process is suggested and domain, processes and rules ontology are designed interrelatedly. With this modeling, a possibility of the semantic web based agent negotiation is suggested.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
• /
• v.37 no.4
• /
• pp.21-54
• /
• 2015

This paper analyzes how and why household debt distribution by the householder age has changed over the past decade both in Korea and the US. Data shows that the proportion of household debt held by younger households has decreased, while that held by older households has increased. Empirical analysis shows that a change in the demographic distribution of householders is the main driving force that has shifted the household debt distribution. Given that demographic aging is an inevitable trend, the proportion of household debt held by older households is also expected to increase. Therefore, the Korean government must preemptively prepare for the household debt problem, especially for debt held by older households, by strengthening macro-prudential policies, preventing asset price deflation, restructuring household debt contract structures, and reforming labor market inflexibility.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
• /
• v.37 no.3
• /
• pp.117-134
• /
• 2012

We analyze a systematic relationship between transaction mechanisms and wholesale pricing schemes within a supply-chain with two competing suppliers and a monopolistic retailor. When one of the suppliers changes its transaction mechanism from an independent scheme to a cooperative one, then the wholesale prices of the suppliers become cheaper than before. When one supplier changes its transaction scheme to a cooperative one while the other supplier sticks to the existing independent transaction scheme, we show that the supplier with a cooperative transaction scheme can realize the increased profit via a profit sharing contract with the retailer but the supplier with independent transaction scheme can face the decreased profit. We also show that both suppliers can achieve the higher profits by adopting the cooperative schemes with the retailer.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
• /
• 2017.11a
• /
• pp.78-80
• /
• 2017

2016년 말, 조류인플루엔자 확산에 의해 달걀 생산량이 감소하였고, 가격은 폭등하였다. 그러나 한 가지 납득할 수 없는 것은, 비록 달걀 생산량이 감소하였을지라도 전체적인 생산 비율에서 따져본다면 가격이 폭등할 만큼은 아니라는 것이다. 소비자는 유통 과정에서 벌어지는 일들에 대한 의문점이 있을 수 있으며 알 권리가 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 거래의 투명성을 보장하는 블록체인 플랫폼에서 이더리움 가상화폐 및 스마트 컨트랙트를 사용하여 거래할 것을 제안하고자 한다. 블록체인을 활용하면 거래 내역이 모두에게 공개되기 때문에, 소비자는 이 시스템으로 하여금 상품의 가격이 각각의 유통 단계를 거치면서 얼마나 비싸지는지를 확인할 수 있다. 이로 인해 도 소매업자들이 폭리를 취하는 것 역시 줄일 수 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
• /
• 2015.05a
• /
• pp.111-112
• /
• 2015

Garak Market Modernization Project Phase 1, which is the public projects worth 1,75 billion won, was delivered by adopting modifiable bid of BOQ on the lowest price award system. The modifiable bid of BOQ system allows bidders to modify quantities based on their own drawings and construction specifications and requirements. It was initiated by the government for minimizing design error and for inducing technical competition between tenders by checking errors. At that time the bidding, it allowed modifying the BOQ all the works. In the construction phase, the responsibility for the design changes, due to mistakes and omissions on design documents and BOQ were disputed between the owner and the contractors. This study analyzed the problem of the system and addressed a need of improvement.

• Information Systems Review
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.131-141
• /
• 2001

그 동안 IT 아웃소싱에 관한 많은 연구성과에도 불구하고 아웃소싱 계약체결에 있어서 실무적으로 꼭 필요한 아웃소싱의 적정가격에 관한 연구는 매우 미진한 형편이다. 특히 아웃소싱 의뢰업체 입장에서의 적정가격결정 모형이나 사례를 찾아보기는 더욱 어려운 것이 현실이다. 아웃소싱 가격의 적정성은 공급업체 만이 아니 라 의뢰업체의 입장에서도 아웃소싱의 성패를 좌우하는 중요한 요건이다. 본 연구는 TCO 개념을 이용하여, IT 아웃소싱 의뢰업체의 입장에서, 적정 가격을 산정하는 모형을 실제 적용사례를 통해 제시한다. 본 연구는 아웃소싱을 하지 않을 경우의 총소요비용과 아웃소싱을 할 경우의 총소요비용을 비교하여 아웃소싱의 효과를 측정하고 계약가격의 적정성을 판단할 수 있도록 하고자 하였다. 본 연구를 통하여 제시한 TCO분석방법 및 결과는 아웃소싱을 준비하거나 계획중인 업체에게 자체적으로 아웃소싱 계약가격을 산출하고, 아웃소싱을 통한 비용절감항목을 판단하며, 계약가격을 비교할 수 있는 자료로 사용되어 지기를 기대한다.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this study is to clarify success factors for desirable relationship between buyer and supplier in elementary school. Therefore, the survey questionnaire consisted of general background, past success, success difference, buyer-supplier relationship characteristics(trust, supporting status, communication behavior, conflict resolution techniques, supplier selection process). The subjects were 66 dieticians of elementary school in Inchon. The statistical analysis of data was completed using SPSS program. The results were summarized as follows : Average total cost/day per one person ￦1,156. The number of suppliers per one school were 6. 92.3% of the subjects were in favor of private contract, regarding contract methods of purchasing food materials. For the past success, degree of satisfaction about past their supplier showed 3.49 score. The present success difference was shown higher than the past success. There was significant correlation between the past success and the present success difference. Trust about suppliers showed 3.40score. Supplying companies hardly support for buying school. Among information quality(timely, accurate, adequate, complete, credible), timely and complete showed lower score than the other kind of elements. Among the buyer-supplier relationship characteristic elements, only trust correlated with satisfaction about suppliers significantly. Among the conflict resolution techniques, joint problem solving and persuasive attempts were often made use of by subjects. The supplier selection criteria were shown quality(7.47), supplier's capabilities(6.46), management plan(6.00), price(5.73), scale(5.48), assets(5.27), considers delivery(4.76) and technology(2.39). As results, trust was needed for the desirable relationship between buyers and suppliers. This study has some limitations. The data in this study were collected from only buyer. It is more desired to acquire data from suppliers also.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• v.4 no.4 s.16
• /
• pp.212-219
• /
• 2003

In construction project planning and control, a cost model performs a critical role such as cost determination on a contract stage and cost tracing. The model can maximize owner's profit and value within the project budget and optimize cost management works on overall construction implementation stages. A BoQ(Bill of Quantities) generally adopted in a unit price contract has been applied as an important tool for cost control and forecast. However a previous cost model based on the BoQ has shown limitations in that it requires too detailed information and heavy manpower on cost management and difficulty in keeping relationship with construction planning, scheduling and progress management. The each cost items and unit prices which constitute of construction works are individually very important management factors but the relative weight for each items and prices have a difference on the contents and conditions of each conditions of each construction works. In consideration of this structural mechanism of cost determination, this research is aimed at examining the critical factors affecting the construction cost determination and propose and verify a new cost forecasting model which is more simple and efficient and also keeps the accuracy of cost management.