• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.49-61
• /
• 2004

The Standardization of terms in The Pulse studies(脈學) is a need for development of learning. This study, for the correction of existing misused terms in The Pulse studies, we study on modernly and objectively the terms in The Pulse studies. By a focus of ${\ulcorner}$The Pulse Studies of Bin-Ho(瀕湖脈學)${\lrcorner}$, we studies on the new classification of pulse condition. The error of a existing technical books on Pulse studies begin that the classification of pulse condition is not establish a Standardization. For the correction of existing misused terms in The Pulse studies, we study on the pulse condition is expressed objectively a blood vessel that it is a subject of pulse condition. The expression of blood vessel contain a depth of blood vessel, a speed of pulsation, a curve of blood vessel, thickness of blood vessel, a diameter of blood vessel in expand and contract of blood vessel, a interval in expand and contract of blood vessel, a distinctness on a boundary of blood vessel, a speed of blood flow in blood vessel, a volume of blood flow in blood vessel, a condition of blood in blood vessel, a propelling power of blood vessel. These is standard of the new classification of pulse condition.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.11 no.10
• /
• pp.479-487
• /
• 2011

This research is to find a way to improve level of management performance and power of competition against other competitors in the same field. especially, outsourcing closely related management performance has been studied. In this research, 250 questionnaires for super delux hotel were distributed and analyzed 236 with Path Analysis. finally, the most important things impacting financial performance have shown contract cost, skills, inner management skills, clarity of contract conditions, etc... controllable outsourcing factors and cooperation between outsourcing company and hotel as well is important to improve service quality based on work efficiency. In conclusion, hotel industry has to continue to work on building stronger relationship with outsourcing companies based on controllable outsourcing factors. it will bring positive effect to management performance through customer satisfaction.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.76-81
• /
• 2019

This paper is a review of the certification system required for various energy prosumer business models, including P2P energy trading and participation in small demand response programs, which are based on reliable production and consumption certification. One of the most important parameter in energy trading is ensuring the reliability of trading account balancing. Therefore, we studied to use big data pattern analysis based blockchain smart contract between trading partners to make its tradings are more reliable. For this purpose big data analysis system collected from the IoT AMI and a production authentication system using a private blockchain network linked with the AMI is discussed, using the blockchain smart contract are also suggested. Futhermore, energy trading system concept and business models are introduced.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.153-184
• /
• 2003

‘Schiedsgutachten’ is more of a law phenomenon that appears frequently in privity of contract rather than a concept that is .generally established in the positive law. There is no definition of this in the positive law which makes it difficult to put a finger on the concept but when the concerned party of the conflict puts the establishment of a fact that is a premise to the legal relationship or the right about the legal right's content or the supplementation of the legal relationship to a third party and makes an agreement to follow the third party's judgement, the process is called the contract of schiedsgutachten. At this point, the judgement of the third party is called the schiedsgutachten. This thesis strives to search for an activation of the schiedsgutachten system in Korea by analyzing and researching the systems in various European countries including Germany where the above mentioned schiedsgutachten system is relatively well-developed. First of all, the three types of schiedsgutachten in the German law will be looked into. Based on this, the theories and judicial precedents of Swiss law, French law, Italian law, and British law will be looked into as well. By doing this, similarities and distinction standards between the various countries' legal systems will be further analyzed. Along with this, the legal qualities and the binding power of the schiedsgutachten will be searched out. In Korea, the term schiedsgutachten itself is not customary as the system itself is not actively being carried out. However, in car damage compensation lawsuits which occupy a big percentage, if the schiedsgutachten system were to be used, the problem would be easily solved without progressing to lawsuits. Korea should actively seek out this system with the various models of different countries including Germany which has been introduced in this thesis as a model.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.11 no.10
• /
• pp.71-77
• /
• 2013

Broadcaster and production studio inevitably take the risk in Korea because the outsourced drama is contracted before produced. However, it is important for both parties to share risk and reward. This study seeks to assess the fairness of the copyright contract between broadcaster and production studio by examining whether they both have the balanced risk and reward structure. For the study, revenue and cost elements with their amounts are identified, which come from TV commercials, oversea sales, the secondary windows, sponsorship, and product placement. Next, the revenue and COGS (Cost of goods sold) of broadcaster and studio are estimated for both cases of when drama becomes successful or not. The analysis reveals that the current copyright agreement allows broadcaster hold low risk but high reward whilst production studio takes high risk low reward. However, the result doesn't imply that government intervention is justified because demand and supply determine the negotiation power in a free economy.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.195-201
• /
• 2019

This paper proposes a blockchain system to share Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) that recently suffers from mutual interference among increasing devices using unlicensed bands. Blockchain technology can induce cooperation from users by incentivizing them with cryptocurrency like shown in Bitcoin example. In this paper, we describe Blockchain based access mechanism in WLAN instead of conventional authentication based access. Here, users can access any WLAN access point by paying through smart contract while they also receive payment from others. In order to support real-time transaction, we apply proof-of-authority that is realized by Byzantine fault tolerant protocol instead of well-known proof-of-work that requires huge computing power and delay.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.445-466
• /
• 2022

As everything linking to the internet, people can subscribe to various services from a service provider to facilitate their lives through the Internet of Things (IoT). An obligatory thing for the service provider is that they should push the service data safely and timely to multiple IoT terminal devices regularly after the IoT devices accomplishing the service subscription. In order to control the service message received by the legal devices as while as keep the confidentiality of the data, the public key encryption algorithm is utilized. While the existing public encryption algorithms for push service are too complicated for IoT devices, and almost of the current subscription schemes based on push mode are relying on centralized organization which may suffer from centralized entity corruption or single point of failure. To address these issues, we design a secure subscription-push service scheme based on blockchain and edge computing in this article, which is decentralized with secure architecture for the subscription and push of service. Furthermore, inspired by broadcast encryption and multicast encryption, a new encryption algorithm is designed to manage the permissions of IoT devices together with smart contract, and to protect the confidentiality of push messages, which is suitable for IoT devices. The edge computing nodes, in the new system architecture, maintain the blockchain to ensure the impartiality and traceability of service subscriptions and push messages, meanwhile undertake some calculations for IoT devices with limited computing power. The legalities of subscription services are guaranteed by verifying subscription tags on the smart contract. Lastly, the analysis indicates that the scheme is reliable, and the proposed encryption algorithm is safe and efficient.

• Information Systems Review
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.91-111
• /
• 2020

E-book markets are currently moving through a period of disequilibrium as new pricing structures (i.e., flat-fee subscriptions) are rapidly embraced by major vendors. On the basis of a novel dataset, we investigate how the availability of "all-you-can-read" pricing programs influences consumers' tariff choice and contract renewal behaviors. Consistent with the rational choice framework, the findings suggest that most e-book consumers significantly gain from subscription-based tariffs. Power readers prefer flat-fee subscriptions, and those that have economically benefited renew their subscription. However, we also find some other intriguing results. Among the three subscription designs examined, the 1-week plan affords consumers more economic benefits than do 1-day or 1-month programs. Finally, iOS users are more inclined to select subscription models than are Android users because of the absence of in-app purchase functionalities for the former. The unavailability of in-app purchase affects tariff choices and transaction patterns as it increases transaction costs.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.59-66
• /
• 2002

The vertically integrated power industry was divided into six generation companies and one market operator, where electricity trading was launched at power exchange. In this environment, the profits of each generation companies are guaranteed according to utilizing strategies of their own generation equipments. This paper presents on generator maintenance scheduling and efficient bidding strategies for generation equipments through the calculation of the contract and the application of each generator cost function based on the past demand forecasting error and market operating data.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
• /
• v.67 no.7
• /
• pp.833-839
• /
• 2018

This paper presents an analysis and the methodology of optimal operation strategy of the ESS(Energy Storage System) for reduce electricity charges. Electricity charges consist of a basic charge based on the contract capacity and energy charge according to the power usage. In order to use electrical energy at minimal charge, these two factors are required to be reduced at the same time. QP(Quadratic Programming) is appropriate for minimization of the basic charge and LP(Linear Programmin) is adequate to minimize the energy charge. However, the integer variable have to be introduced for modelling of different charge and discharge efficiency of ESS PCS(Power Conversion System), where MILP(Mixed Integer Linear Programming) can be used. In this case, the extent to which the peak load savings is accomplished should be assumed before the energy charge is minimized. So, to minimize the electricity charge exactly, optimization is sequentially performed in this paper, so-called the Two Stage Hybird optimization, where the extent to which the peak load savings is firstly accomplished through optimization of basic charge and then the optimization of energy charge is performed with different charge and discharge efficiency of ESS PCS. Finally, the proposed method is analyzed quantitatively with other optimization methods.