• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.498-508
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• 2005

A shape data is used one oi most important feature for image retrieval as data to reflect meaning of image. Especially, structural feature of shape is widely studied because it represents primitive properties of shape and relation information between basic units well. However, most structural features of shape have the problem that it is not able to guarantee an efficient search time because the features are expressed as graph or tree. In order to solve this problem, we generate curvature-based morphological graph, End design key to cluster shapes from this graph. Proposed this graph have contour features and morphological features of a shape. Shape retrieval is accomplished by stages. We reduce a search space through clustering, and determine total similarity value through pattern matching of external curvature. Various experiments show that our approach reduces computational complexity and retrieval cost.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.30 no.5_6
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• pp.454-460
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• 2003

In this paper, we propose an efficient method for recognizing human lips. Based on Point Distribution Model, a lip shape is represented as a set of points. We calculate a lip model and the distribution of shape parameters using Principle Component Analysis and Gaussian mixture, respectively. The Expectation Maximization algorithm is used to determine the maximum likelihood parameter of Gaussian mixture. The lip contour model is derived by using the gray value changes at each point and in regions around the point and used to search the lip shape in a image. The experiments have been performed for many images, and show very encouraging result.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.37 no.11
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• pp.866-870
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• 2010

This paper presents an improved Snake algorithm that contains additional energy term related to adjacent edges. The suggested algorithm represents the distance between an adjacent edge and the current cell as energy, and extracts object contours more effectively by including the energy tenn to the whole energy function. The adjacent edge-based snake algorithm not only make it possible to detect object boundaries which are concave, but also can detect the boundaries of complex objects without weight adjustment. Experimental results show that the proposed method extracts object boundaries more accurately than other existing methods without loss of speed.

• Proceedings of the SCSK Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.225-231
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• 2003

To search and development a new material with superior melanogenesis inhibitory activity, the bioactivities (obs. pl$_{50}$) of alkyl-3,4-dihydroxybenzoyl esters and N-alkyl-3,4-dihydroxybenz-oyl amides as substrate molecules were measured in mouse melanoma cells. And also, we have studied that 3-D QSARs (3 dimensional Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships) between molecular interaction field of substrates and the bioactivities were analyzed using CoMFA (Comparative Molecular Field Analyses) method. When cross-validation value (q$^2$) is 0.68 at 3 components, the Pearson correlation coefficient ($r^2$) is 0.900. From the basis on the findings, the model was appeared by the contour map such as steric field and electrostatic field relationships between quantitative structure and the bioactivity of the various substrate derivatives. Measured bioactivities (obs. pl$_{50}$) of unknown compounds are very similar to predicted activity (pred. pl$_{50}$) according to the CoMFA model. As the results of prediction, we could conclude that the bioactivities were increased by creation of R$_1$ substitution of 5,5-dime-thylhexoxy, 6,6-dimethylheptyl, 1-amino-6,6-dimethylheptyl group etc and R$_2$ substitution of hydroxy, methyl, methoxy group etc.p etc.

• Proceedings of the KWS Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.803-808
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• 2002

A computer-aided alloy-designing technique to develop the insert metal for transient liquid phase (TLP) bonding was applied to high aluminum Ni-base superalloys. The main procedure of a mathematical programming method was to obtain the optimal chemical composition through rationally compromising the plural objective performances of insert metal by a grid-search which involved data estimation from the limited experimental data using interpolation method. The objective function Z which was introduced as an index of bonding performance of insert metal involved the melting point, hardness (strength), formability of brittle phases and void ratio (bonding defects) in bond layer as the evaluating factors. The contour maps of objective function Z were also obtained applying the interpolation method. The compositions of Ni-3.0%Cr-4.0%B-0.5%Ce (for ${\gamma}$/${\gamma}$/${\beta}$ type alloy) and Ni3.5%Cr-3.5%B-3%Ti (for ${\gamma}$/${\gamma}$ type alloy) which optimized the objective function were determined as insert metal. SEM observations revealed that the microstructure in bond layers using the newly developed insert metals indicated quite sound morphologies without forming microconstituents and voids. The creep rupture properties of both joints were much improved compared to a commercial insert metal of MBF-80 (Ni-15.5%Cr-3.7%B), and were fairly comparable to those of base metals.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.899-906
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• 2013

Using generated conformations from docking analysis by Gold algorithm, some 3D-QSAR models; CoMFA and CoMSIA have been created on 39 N-benzoylated phenoxazines and phenothiazines, including their S-oxidized analogues. These molecules inhibit the polymerization of tubulin into microtubules and thus they have been studied for the development of antitumor drugs. Training set for the CoMFA and CoMSIA models using 30 docked conformations gives $q^2$ Leave one out (LOO) values of 0.756 and 0.617, and $r^2$ ncv values of 0.988 and 0.956, respectively. The ability of prediction and robustness of the models were evaluated by test set, cross validation (leave-one-out and leave-ten-out), bootstrapping, and progressive scrambling approaches. The all-orientation search (AOS) was used to achieve the best orientation to minimize the effect of initial orientation of the structures. The docking results confirmed CoMFA and CoMSIA contour maps. The docking and 3D-QSAR studies were thoroughly interpreted and discussed and confirmed the experimental $pIC_{50}$ values.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.457-468
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• 2017

Background Abdominoplasty, with or without liposuction, is among the most frequently performed aesthetic procedures. Its main objective is to improve the body contour by means of excising redundant skin and fat tissue. Although abdominoplasty is considered a safe procedure with high satisfaction rates, intraoperative and postoperative complications can become a challenge for the surgical team. The aim of this article is to offer a synopsis of the most common complications arising after abdominoplasty, along with evidence-based guidelines about how to prevent and treat them. Methods A systematic MEDLINE search strategy was designed using appropriate Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms, and references were scanned for further relevant articles. Results According to the published case series, local complications are considerably more common than complications with systemic repercussions. Approximately 10% to 20% of patients suffer a local complication following abdominoplasty, while fewer than 1% suffer a systemic complication. Prevention and management strategies are critically discussed for complications including seroma, haematoma, infection, skin necrosis, suture extrusions, hypertrophic scars, neurological symptoms, umbilical anomalies, deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism, respiratory distress, and death. Conclusions The complications of abdominoplasty vary in severity and in the impact they have on the aesthetic outcomes. Recommendations for prevention and management are based on various levels of evidence, with a risk of observer bias. However, most complications can be treated appropriately following the current standards, with satisfactory results.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.539-545
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• 2015

Intense acoustic load is generated when a launch vehicle lifts off, causing the damaging vibrations at the launch vehicle or satellite within the fairing. This paper is concerned with the prediction of lift-off acoustic loads for a launch vehicle. As a test example, the lift-off acoustic load on the Korean launch vehicle, NARO, is predicted by the existing calculation tool, the modified Eldred's second method. Although the acoustic sources, assumed as point sources, are to be located along the center line of the exhaust plume when using the Eldred's prediction method, the exact location of the deflected center line of exhaust gas flow is not usually known. To search for the most appropriate source positions, six models of source line distribution are suggested and the acoustic load prediction results from these models are compared with the actual measurements. It is found that the predicted sound pressure spectrum of the Naro is the most similar to the measured data when the centerline of the turbulent kinetic energy contour is used as the source line.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.98-105
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• 2011

To search the minimum structural requirement of tricyclic isoxazole analogues (1~30) as new class potent antidepressant, thee-dimensional quanti- tative-structure relationship (3D-QSAR) models between substituents ($R_1{\sim}R_5$) of tricyclic isoxazoles and their antidepressant activity against medetomidine-induced loss of righting were performed and discussed quantitatively using comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) and comparative molecular similarity indies analysis (CoMSIA) methods. The correlativity and predictability ($r^2$=0.484 and $q^2$=0.947) of CoMSIA-2 model were higher than those of the rest models. The inhibitory activity against medetomidine-induced loss of righting was dependent on electrostatic field (43.4%), hydrophobic field (35.3%), and steric field (21.2%) of tricyclic isoxazoles. From the CoMSIA-2 contour maps, it is predicted that the antidepressant activity of potent antidepressants against medetomidine-induced loss of righting will be able to increase by the substituents ($R_1{\sim}R_5$) which were in accord with CoMSIA field.

• Bulletin of the Korean Space Science Society
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.29.4-30
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• 2009

Extra-tidal feature of the globular clusters such as tidal tails and halos can be a crucial evidence of the merging scenario of the Galaxy formation in the dynamical point of view. To search for such an extra-tidal feature of globular clusters located in the Galactic bulge(RGC<3kpc), we obtained wide-field near-infrared JHKs images of 6 metal-poor ([Fe/H]<-1.0) clusters and 3 metal-rich ([Fe/H]>-1.0) clusters. Observations were carried out using IRSF 1.4m telescope and SIRIUS near-infrared camera, during 2006~2007. The obtained images have a total maximum field-of-view of ~ $21'\times 21'$. To select clusters' member stars and minimize the field star contaminations, we applied CMD masking algorithm. Smoothed surface density contour maps with selected stars for each cluster show overdensity features around the tidal radius and beyond. Also, radial surface density profiles within the tidal radius of the clusters show an overdensity feature as a change of slope of the radial profile. The results add further observational constraints of the formation of the Galactic bulge.