• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.111-118
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• 2015

Objectives: The aim of the study is to investigate the health belief model affecting the oral health behavior in middle and high school students. Methods: The subjects were 296 middle and high school students in Seoul, Gyeonggi and Incheon from February 15 to March 21, 2014. The students filled out the self-reported questionnaires after receiving informed consents. The instrument was adopted and revised from those of Kim & Hwang, and Choi & Joo. The questionnaire consisted of 4 questions of general characteristics, 9 questions of oral health status including subjective oral health status, frequency of tooth brushing, duration of tooth brushing, method of tooth brushing, use of oral health devices, dental clinic visit, scaling services, snack intake, and smoking. The oral health belief consisted of 25 questions including susceptibility, seriousness, barriers, benefit, and self-efficacy using Likert 5 scale. The reliability of Cronbach's alpha in the study was 0.725. Data were analyzed using SPSS ver 18.0 for frequency analysis, t-test, ANOVA, ${\chi}^2$-test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient, simple regression, and binary logistic regression. Results: Oral health beliefs of middle and high school students affected the oral health behaviors. Susceptibility, barriers and self-efficacy also influenced on the oral health behaviors. In order to provide the best oral health education, susceptibility and self-efficacy are the primary factors to increase motivation because the motivation endows the students with correction of oral health behaviors that improve the knowledge, attitudes, and decrease barriers in oral hygiene. Conclusions: It is important to correct oral health behaviors in the middle and high school students by providing the continuing and systematic oral health education.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.95-100
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• 2001

In countries that consumes rice as a main staple, rice hulls are natural resources composed of a large amount of organic compounds and high uniformity in size. Rice hulls are expanded to get rid of a defect in untreated rice hulls and to be used as a hydroponic substrate. Research on rice hulls is continuing for the agricultural application. This research was conducted to stabilize rhizosphere pH of the expanded rice hull substrates because of high pH caused by repeated use in ERH(expanded ride hull) substrates and without increasing the cost of developing new substrates. Sphagnum peatmoss (pH 3.0-4.0) wee mixed with the expanded rice hull substrate in the ratio of 10% (v/v), and this ratio kept the pH range of 6.0 to 6.5 in the root area of tomato plants during growth and at the time of harvest of tomato fruits. Also absorbtion of nutrients was highly increased. The yield increased from 1,051 to 1,266 kg per tomato plant which were harvested by two clusters.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.53-62
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• 2020

Background: Pregnancy-related low back pain (PLBP) has fewer systematic guidelines than pregnancy-related pelvic girdle pain, previous studies have not evaluated physical therapy for this ailment in Korea. Objects: We aimed to provide a detailed account of clinical decision making by Korean physiotherapists while treating PLBP. Methods: In total, 955 questionnaires were distributed mainly in places of continuing education held by the Korean Physical Therapy Association from April to July 2019. The same questionnaire was posted on a website used by physiotherapists. We collected subject information, a specific Vignette typically represent symptoms of PLBP, and responses to multiple questions about decision making, subjective recognition and interest level in the field of women's health physiotherapy (WHPT). Results: The overall response rate was 56% (n = 537); of these, responses to 520 questionnaires were analyzed. Most respondents chose various combinations of physical therapy methods. There were significant differences in subjective recognition levels of WHPT according to gender (p < 0.05), age (p < 0.01), education level (p < 0.01), and clinical experience (p < 0.05). There were significant differences in interest according to gender (p < 0.01) and education level (p < 0.01). With respect to the types of treatment, significant differences were noted in selective rates for "manual therapy", "pain control", and "supportive devices" based on gender. Manual therapy tended to be chosen more with increasing age and clinical experience. With increased education level, there were fewer choices for the use of pain control. Conclusion: This is the first data on how Korean physiotherapists manage PLBP patients using the vignette method. We were able to recognize the Korean physical therapist's decision on PLBP patients, and observed statistically significant correlations. This may aid in developing future research and education plans in the WHPT field.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2000.07c
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• pp.1491-1493
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• 2000

Continuing improvement of microprocessor performance involves in the device size. This allow greater device speed, an increase in device packing density, and an increase in the number of functions that can reside on a single chip. However this has led to propagation delay, crosstalk noise, and power dissipation due to resistance-capacitance(RC) coupling become significant due to increased wiring capacitance, especially interline capacitance between the metal lines on the same metal level. So, MSSQ which has the permittivity between 2.5-3.2 is used to prevent from these problems. For pattering MSSQ(Methylsilsequioxane), we use RIE(Reactive Ion Etching) and MERIE(Magnetically enhanced Reactive Ion Etching) which could provide good anisotropic etching. In this study, we optimized the flow rate of $CF_{4}/O_2$ gas, RF power to obtain the best etching rate and roughness and also analyzed the etching result using $\alpha$-step profilemeter, SEM, infrared spectrum and AFM.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.25-50
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• 2004

This study attempts to find out what kind of service quality is considered important by customers in using the Internet shopping mall and suggests the way to activate the customer relationship. The findings based on empirical analysis are shown here. First, empirical analysis of the contextual factors such as gender, education, and experience levels, shows that what customers perceive as most important in the product purchase is security in terms of the payment and personal information service. The second important service quality factor perceived by customers is responsiveness, particularly the rapidity and accuracy of response to their needs and wants. The customers also considered price, quality and diversity of the product as being important. Furthermore, there is no big difference among other service quality factors. Second, in the different gender context, there is no significant difference between the genders. However, the male group shows an even distribution of factors valued in the service quality, whereas female respondents placed stronger emphases on particular aspects of service, such as security, response, reliability and product quality. Third, in the context of different education level, the payment method between graduates and non-graduates has a significant difference. That is, the non-graduates prefer the credit card and saving through ATM, while the graduates use dual payment method using credit card and another payment method together. Therefore, the various payment methods should be considered according to the customer type, namely graduates or non-graduates. Fourth, in the context of different experience level, the result of the empirical analysis of the factors of the service quality shows no great difference between experienced and inexperienced customers. Both types of customer perceive security as the most important. To sum up, the service quality perceived by the customers of Internet shopping malls is empirically analyzed in different contexts such as gender, education, and experience. Then, the device for the customer relationship activation is suggested. It can be utilized as a guideline for the continuing diffusion of the Internet shopping mall, giving it a competitive advantage against other companies.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.231-241
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• 2018

Free from limitations of time and space, diet management with smartphones can be highly useful for college students. This study aimed to improve the utility of diet related apps by efficacy and app evaluation after using the apps for 2 weeks. Results showed that the intent for continuing use apps was low, and the lack of efficacy indicated the currently developed apps had not significantly influenced their motivating healthy diet. Average app rating was $3.12{\pm}0.85$. Among 4 rating factors, convenience and contents were relatively higher than usefulness and community. Especially, there was significant difference in contents and convenience according to gender, contents and community according to BMI and previous diet experience. In the future, considering the needs and characteristics of college students, we need to find ways to enhance the usefulness of the app and to strengthen the social networking.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to demonstrate a two-year global health project to improve maternal and child health (MCH) in Ethiopia. Methods: This is a descriptive case study. The target area is Kilte Awlaelo Woreda in Tigray Regional State, Ethiopia. A baseline survey was conducted to identify the needs of community residents and health care professionals. A MCH program was developed according to a project design matrix that included: infrastructure renovation of health centers; continuing education for midwives, nurses, and health extension workers (HEWs); and improvement of residents' MCH awareness. Project evaluation will examine the structure, process, and outcomes of the program. Results: The baseline survey showed low rates of family planning (31%) and antenatal and postnatal care use (36.1% and 69%, respectively). The institutional birth rate was 13.5%. Midwives and nurses received 2~4 educational programs about family planning and perinatal care. HEWs were also given practical education. Water and electrical infrastructure of all five health centers in the Kilte Awlaelo Woreda were renovated. Additionally, medical supplies and equipment were provided. Community health education on perinatal care, family planning, and personal hygiene was presented. Conclusion: This study highlights the role of nursing in global health and provides basic information on the development and outcomes of the global health project.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.61-68
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• 2013

Compared to the past, the number of disabled people in Korea is continuing to increase. As for the scope of the disability, it is expanding as well since it now includes all types of illnesses, car accidents, complications resulting from aging, industrial accidents and others accidents. Attempts are made in terms of applying sports game method that grafts IT technology in order to ensure that the disabled people participate continually in sports. While casting away the notion of play which was the role of a game in the past, new roles and domains were developed. In fact, serious game genre is what leads this change. Because serious game is leading the game industry fast, centered on education, sports, fitness and medical use, its market value can be considered very significant since it can be both fund and effective as it targets the disabled who cannot enjoy sports easily in reality. Accordingly, this research seeks to present the direction for the application of serious game for the disabled people by analyzing the current situation pertaining to the integrated and converged cases applied to the field of sports for the disabled when it comes to the serious game that uses contents based on the IT technology.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.253-259
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the oral health behavior according to oral health education experience in the elementary school teachers and to provide the basic data for the development of oral health education program. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was filled out by 239 elementary school teachers in Busan and Ulsan from May 7 to 31, 2013. The questionnaire consisted of general characteristics of the subjects, use of oral health devices, dental clinic visit within a year, purpose of dental clinic visit, subjective oral health condition, place and contents of oral health education, future contents of oral health education, purpose of tooth brushing, recognition of sealant, recognition of dental caries prevention effect of fluoride, and method and frequency of tooth brushing. Data were analyzed by Predictive Analysis Software(PASW) Statistics $19.0^{(R)}$(SPSS Inc., Chicago IL, USA). Results: Of the 239 teachers, 187 teachers had oral health education experience and 52 did not. Those who had oral health education experience reported higher scores in tooth brushing than those who did not. 59.4% of the respondents answered the experience of oral health education in dental clinics. Conclusions: Oral health behavior was different from the experience of oral health education in the elementary school teachers. The teachers are the most important persons influencing on the right tooth brushing habit in the students. So the teachers must take the continuing and systematic oral health education.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.1491-1498
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• 2017

As the use of smartphones and the launch of various apps have increased rapidly, the number of malicious apps has also increased, and the damage is continuing. The Google Market where Android apps are registered is inevitably present at the same time as normal apps and malicious apps even though there are regulations for app registration. Especially, as social networks are activated, users are connected with social networks, and the ratings, downloads and awareness information are reflected in the number of downloaded apps. As a result, when users choose their apps by simply reflecting ratings, popularity, popular comments, and highly-categorized apps, malicious app downloads can sometimes cause significant harm. Therefore, this study first analyzed the tendency of malicious apps by directly crawling and analyzing long-term social information in the currently active Android market.