• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.85-95
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• 1987

The host rocks of titaniferous magnetite deposits in Gonamsan are alkaline gabbros, which are typical of undersaturated alkaline rocks in terms of the lack of normative quartz. According to field occurrences and petrographic features, these alkaline gabbros are divided into 3 rock types: coarse-grained and pegmatitic rock, medium-grained rock with equigranular texture, and layered cumulate rock. All these rocks mainly contain clinopyroxene(salite), plagioclase(An 43-66), pargasite, and ilmenite. The accessory minerals are apatite, sphene, quartz, and sometimes titaniferous magnetite. Pargasite, sphene, and quartz are considered to be secondary minerals formed by the reaction among clinopyroxene, plagioclase and Fe-Ti oxide at deuteric stage. Fe-Ti oxides generally occur as ilmenite in the alkaline rocks, and titaniferous magnetite in the ore deposits. Layered cumulate rocks are characterized by a recurrence of discontinuous thin mesolayer of clinopyroxene-pargasite within leucolayer mainly composed of plagioclase. Clinopyroxene is cumulus mineral whereas plagioclase, ilmenite and apatite occur as intercumulus minerals. According to the variation diagrams of oxide and trace element contents against the differentiation index, incompatible elements, such as Na, Ba and Sr, show positive correlations whereas compatible elements, such as Mg and Cr, show negative correlations. However some compatible elements, such as Co, Ni and V show irregular variations, reflecting relative cumulate status of cumulus and intercumulus minerals. On the de la Roche multicationic diagram, these alkaline gabbros are distributed along the differentiation curve of undersaturated alkaline series from alkaline basaltic composition through basanitic composition to tephritic composition. Layered cumulate rocks, which are distributed between basanitic composition and tephritic composition, reflect their cumulate character, slightly scattering away from the curve. The medium-grained rock shows higher contents in Ba, Sr and light rare earch elements than the coarse-grained and pegmatitic rock. The former shows two times higher contents of total rare earth elements than the latter, $while(La/Lu)_{cn}$ ratios maintain fairly constant values of 5.08~5.06 in these two rocks. This means that coarse-grained and pegmatitic rock, as compared with the medium-grained rock, was formed by the earlier differentiated magma but rare-earth element distribution pattern remained almost parallel during differentiation. From the data the above mentioned, these alkaline gabbros are considered to be comagmatic and to be formed by intrusions of differentiated magmas in its reservoir.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.29-34
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• 2008

Purpose: In this study, we compared the physical properties of the compositions that were mixed with basic materials of HEMA (2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate)/Silicone and BMA (Butyl methacrylate), MMA (Methyl methacrylate) by making the silicone contact lens. Method: Each sample of contact lenses was fabricated by cast mould method. We analyzed results by using average values of physical property of each sample. Results: In the composition of HEMA/Silicone/BMA, water contents of samples showed the value from 24.69% to 29.26%. Ultimate strength of samples showed the value from 0.109 kgf to 0.263 kgf. In the composition of HEMA/Silicone/MMA, swelling ratio of samples showed the value from 13.56% to 14.83%. Water contents of samples showed the value from 25.61% to 29.33%. Ultimate strength of samples showed the value from 0.107 kgf to 0.286 kgf. Conclusions: The compositions of percents of silicone were ranged from 0.20% to 11.50% and the composition percent of BMA and MMA was 5.15% in total. Swelling ratio and water contents increased with decreasing of BMA (Butyl methacrylate) and MMA (Methyl methacrylate) percent. In the composition of HEMA/Silicone/MMA, the values of ultimate strength increased with increasing of silicone percent to 4-MMA sample. In the composition of HEMA/Silicone/BMA, the values of ultimate strength decreased with increasing of silicone percent.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.670-676
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• 2006

We investigated the general composition, fatty acid composition and mineral content of ten kinds of marketed(3 domestic and 7 imported) mackerels. The moisture contents of domestic mackerels ranged from $62.9{\sim}67.8%$, and those of imported mackerels ranged from $61.1{\sim}74.7%$. Ash content was less than 2% in all mackerels. Crude protein content was greatest in Oman mackerel(24.1%) and lowest in UK mackerel(19.7%). Lipids contents ranged from 1.4%(Chile mackerel) to 19.7% (UK mackerel); mackerels with high lipid content tend to have low moisture content. Saturated fatty acids ranged from 18.2% to 31.1% of the total fatty acids content. The mackerel imported from Chile(26.8%) contained the least monoenes, while UK mackerel monoene content(48.7%) was highest. Polyenes were lowest in Tong-yeong mackerel(30.9%) and highest in Chile mackerel(50.0%). DHA content was highest in Chile mackerel(36.4%) and lowest in USA mackerel(14.6%). The mineral content of mackerels were in increasing order; K, Na, Mg, Ca, Fe, Zn and P. The K, Na, Mg and Ca content ranged from $261{\sim}420$, $261{\sim}420$, $37{\sim}176$, $34{\sim}49$ and $5{\sim}22mg/100g$, respectively.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.449-459
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• 2016

This paper proposes a new method to improve the three problems of existing automatic composition method using artificial neural networks. The first problem is that the existing beat post-processing to fit into music theories could not handle all the cases of occurring. The second one is that the pitch space generated by artificial neural networks is distorted because the rest is trained with the pitch on the same neural network with large values. The last problem is caused by the difference between the initial melody and beats given by user and those generated by an artificial neural network in the process of new composition. In order to treat these problems, we propose an enhanced post-processing of beats, initial melody processing, and adoption of artificial neural network for rest. It was found from experiments that the proposed methods totally resolved the three problems.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.181-190
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• 2017

The aim of this study was to compare the quality and physicochemical characteristics of blue-shelled eggs (BE) and conventional eggs (CE). Proximate composition, quality, pH value, shell color, collagen content, fatty acid composition, total cholesterol, ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibition activity, and antioxidation activity were determined. The proximate composition, general qualities, and pH values of CE and BE showed no significant differences, except in moisture composition, weight, and shell thickness. Moisture content and weight of BE were significantly lower than those of CE. However, shell thickness and weight of BE were higher than those of CE (p<0.05). Lightness of BE was significantly higher than that of CE (85.20 vs. 58.80), while redness ($a^*$) and yellowness ($b^*$) of BE were lower than those of CE ($a^*$: -4.75 vs. 14.20; $b*$: 10.45 vs. 30.63). The fatty acid [C18:1n7 (cis-vaccenic acid) and C18:3n6 (gamma-linolenic acid)] contents of BE were significantly higher than those of CE. The total cholesterol contents of BE and CE were similar. DPPH radical scavenging activity of BE was significantly higher than that of CE (40.78 vs. 35.35). Interestingly, ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibition activity of whole egg and egg yolk in BE (19.27 and 36.06) was significantly higher than that of whole egg and egg yolk in CE (13.95 and 32.46). This result indicated that BE could potentially be used as a functional food material. Further studies are required to evaluate the specific compounds that affect functional activity.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.8-17
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• 2008

A new algorithm for automatic extraction of interesting objects is proposed in this paper. The proposed algorithm can be summarized in two steps. First, segmentation of color image that split interesting objects and backgrounds is performed. According to the research stating, 'Humans perceive things by contracting color into three to four essential colors,' a color image is segmented into three regions utilizing k-mean algorithm, followed by annexing the regions when the similarities of them exceeds the critical value based on the calculation of degrees in the histogram similarity, Second, identifying the interesting objects out of the segmented image, partitioned by the image composition theory, is performed. To have a good picture, it is important to adjust positions of interesting objects according to picture composition. Extracting objects is a retro-deduction process using a weighted mask designed upon the triangular composition of picture. To prove the quality of the proposed method, experiments are performed over four hundreds images as well as comparison with recently proposed KMCC and GBIS methods.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.1-14
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to compare the composition of the government guidelines for the educational curriculum of Japan announced in 2016 with the outline of the 2015 revised educational curriculum of Korea. To compare the composition of the national level curricula of the two countries, the composition systems and content details were analyzed along with the trends of emphasis placed on informatics education. The analysis indicated that as for the Japanese government's guidelines, it was suggested that the causes of revisions, and purposes and methods of fulfilling goals be added, and thus the appropriateness of the guidelines was emphasized. As for Korea's revised curriculum, a gap caused by segmental development of the outline and details of the curriculum were found in addition to errors in curricular composition and direction setting which were carried out without consideration to the transition time required or changes of subjects. To ensure sufficiency of the curricular contents and education reflecting the situations of each time phase, the necessity to improve the overall curricular framework was suggested. This study holds significance as it provides the introspective insight that the goals and directions of education cannot be set properly when the curricular framework is established without recognition of the contents.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.29 no.7
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• pp.1022-1028
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• 2016

Milk composition is an imperative aspect which influences the quality of dairy products. The objective of study was to compare the chemical composition, nitrogen fractions and amino acids profile of milk from buffalo, cow, sheep, goat, and camel. Sheep milk was found to be highest in fat ($6.82%{\pm}0.04%$), solid-not-fat ($11.24%{\pm}0.02%$), total solids ($18.05%{\pm}0.05%$), protein ($5.15%{\pm}0.06%$) and casein ($3.87%{\pm}0.04%$) contents followed by buffalo milk. Maximum whey proteins were observed in camel milk ($0.80%{\pm}0.03%$), buffalo ($0.68%{\pm}0.02%$) and sheep ($0.66%{\pm}0.02%$) milk. The non-protein-nitrogen contents varied from 0.33% to 0.62% among different milk species. The highest r-values were recorded for correlations between crude protein and casein in buffalo (r = 0.82), cow (r = 0.88), sheep (r = 0.86) and goat milk (r = 0.98). The caseins and whey proteins were also positively correlated with true proteins in all milk species. A favorable balance of branched-chain amino acids; leucine, isoleucine, and valine were found both in casein and whey proteins. Leucine content was highest in cow ($108{\pm}2.3mg/g$), camel ($96{\pm}2.2mg/g$) and buffalo ($90{\pm}2.4mg/g$) milk caseins. Maximum concentrations of isoleucine, phenylalanine, and histidine were noticed in goat milk caseins. Glutamic acid and proline were dominant among non-essential amino acids. Conclusively, current exploration is important for milk processors to design nutritious and consistent quality end products.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.482-491
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• 2011

Pavilion(樓亭) was a Building for rest and scene appreciation in chosun dynasty. This research was to analyze construction method and the structure of Pavilion. The detail objectives of the research was ; First, the location of Pavilion and the layout of facilities were analyzed and composition principle was found. Second, Pavilion were analyzed about dimension, form, constructive method, and structure. Pavilion location was selected on the consideration of natural condition such as configuration of the ground, climate, and scene state. The Length of Building remained until present was about 8~12m, the depth was about average 3~4m. The results of these study can give deep understand of physical structure and help to reconstruct future Pavilion.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.486-493
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• 2017

The effects of slaughter age (28, 32, or 38 mon) on the proximate composition, collagen content, fatty acid composition, amino acid content, and mineral contents of horse leg bone (femur and tibia) extracts (HLBE) obtained from Jeju crossbred horses (n=14) in Korea. HLBE was extracted for 24 h with boiling water. At those ages, the respective proximate compositions of the HLBE were found as follows: 5.20-6.42% crude protein; fat 0.61-1.65% crude; and 0.10-0.22% crude ash. At 32 and 38 mon, the HLBE showed higher levels of both crude protein and collagen than at 28 mon. The major fatty acids of the horse leg bone extract powder (HLBP) were palmitic acid and oleic acid. Palmitoleic acid and the essential fatty acids were higher in the HLBP at 38 mon compared to that at 28 mon. Nearly all the amino acids were found at higher levels in the HLBP at 38 mon than at 28 mon, except histidine. The P, K, Zn, Se and Fe contents in the HLBP increased significantly with age. These results suggest that some nutrients in the HLBE increase with age, and that extracts from horses older than 32 mon would be more nutritious for human consumers.