• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.113-121
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• 1996

The role of Ca2+ on benzyladenine (BA)-induced senescence retardation in mature wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) primary leaves was investigated. When an extracellular calcium chelator, ethylene glycol-bis-($\beta$-aminoethylether)-N, N'-tetraacetic acid (EGTA) together with BA, was applied to senescing leaves for 4 days of dark incubation, the content of chlorophyll and soluble protein decreased rapidly. And, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), known to be a degradation product of membrane lipids, increased compared with the BA alone control. The BA-EGTA combination also caused the stimulation of protease and RNase activity and a rapid loss of catalase activity owing to the decling of BA effects. In the case of treatment with only intracellular calcium antagonist 3, 4, 5-trimethoxybenzoic acid 8-(diethylamino) octyl ester (TMB-8) without the BA addition, the chlorophyll content at day 4 after dark incubation decreased in paralled with the increasing concentration of the antagonist. In addition, the chlorophyll content at 10-5 M calcium ionophore A23187 treatment in the absence of BA was similar to that of the BA alone treatment. These results suggest that calcium may mediate the retardation effect of BA on leaf senescence by acting as a second messenger and that the calcium input from cell organelles, as well as the calcium inflow from intercellular spaces and cell walls, may be involved in modulating cytosolic calcium levels related to BA action.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-20
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• 1999

This study was carried out to investigate the interaction between productivity and light condition and to analyze the material productivity and productive charactaristics under different hours of light in Zoysia japonica. 1. Rate increasement of leaf number and total leaf length was remarkably high at the early growth stage in the control and 9 hour light treatment. The rate gradually decreased as growth proceeded. But 3 hour treatment was very low in the rate from its early growth stage through the whole test period. 2. The increasing rate of leaf area ratio (LAR) in all the experimental plots was remarkably high at the early growth stage after transplanting the grass. The shorter photoperiod resulted remarkable lower increasement of LAR. 3. The rhizome growth rate of the 9 hour photoperiod was high contrast to the 3 hour photoperiod treatment. The increasing rate of node number was also showed similar trend. 4. Chlorophyll content was very high at the 36 days after transplanting and then decreased gradually. Chlorophyll content on 3 hours photoperiod plot severely decreased. The ratio of chlorophyll a to b was decreased significantly at short day treatment. 5. The content of soluble sugar was increased at shorter photoperiod. The highest ratio of sugar content was on August, 28 by HPLC method. Such a result was attributed to accumulation of sugar in spite of low synthesis of ploysacchrides, translocation by low consumption. 6. The increasing rate of standings in all light treatment was high at the early growth stage after transplanting. Short photoperiod treatment by 3hour showed especially low prganic productivity on Zoysia japonica.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.129-132
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• 2001

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.138-144
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• 1996

This experiment was conducted to obtain the basic information on the morphological and physiological changes in tobacco leaf during the growth period by measuring the changes of chlorophyll, sugar, lipid and mineral contents in tobacco plant. Leaf length and width have been fully developed at 25 days after leaf emergence. Dry weight was rapidly increased between 10 and 15 days after leaf emergence and reached the highest at 30 days. Crude lipid content, palmitic acid, and the major saturated fatty acid were increased with progressing senescence, while unsaturated fatty acid including linolenic acid was decreased as the senescence was advanced. The total nitrogen content showed the highest value at IS days after leaf emergence. On the other hand, the total sugar content showed the highest value at 45 days after leaf emergence and glucose, fructose and sucrose were decreased with leaf development and increased at the end of senescence. The content of chlorophyll showed the highest value at 15 days after leaf emergence and began to decrease at 30 days after leaf emergence. The contents of p, Cu, Zn, and Fe in tobacco leaves were decreased by the end of senescence after leaf emergence but those of Ca, Mg, and Mn in leaves were increased. Key words : Nicotiana tabacum chlorophyll, fatty acid, senescence.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.271-278
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• 2004

This study was conducted to obtain basic information of growth, chlorophyll, and $Na^+\;and\;K^+$ content of rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings after transplanting in different NaCl conditions. Plants grown in pots for 8 days after germination were grown for 10 days after transplanting in 50 and 100 mM NaCl concentrations. At higher NaCl concentration, plant height, root length, dry weight and chlorophyll content were reduced with NaCl stress. Among rice cultivars, the shoot dry weight of Gancheokbyeo, Janganbyeo and Hwasungbyeo, and the root dry weight of Janganbyeo, Gancheokbyeo and Juanbyeo showed relatively low reduction compared to the other rice cultivars at 100 mM NaCl stress. The $Na^+$ content in seedling rapidly increased with the increase of NaCl concentration but $K^+$ contents decreased. There was a significant relationship between $Na^+$ content and shoot and root dry weight after transplanting rice seedlings to saline conditions. The shoot and root dry weight showed highly negative relationship with the $Na^+/K^+$ ratio in saline conditions.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.107-112
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• 2006

This study analyzed the changes of chlorophyll and ascorbic acid contents according to the extraction temperatures and the number of soakings using five kinds of Korean and Japanese green tea(3 kinds of green tea and 2 kinds of tea bag) which were obtained from local markets in Korea and Japan. The findings are as follows: 1. The chlorophyll contents of Japanese green tea were $2\sim3$ times higher than those of Korean green tea. 2. The chlorophyll contents of Korean green tea in high and middle grades were increased with increasing temperature $(80>70>60^{\circ}C)$ but the contents in low grade were increased with decreasing temperature. The contents of chlorophyll in Japanese green tea were almost similar in low, middle and high grades. 3. Ascorbic acid content was higher in low grade Korean green tea but it was higher in high and middle grades of Japanese green tea. Chlorophyll contents of Japanese green tea were higher than those of Korean green tea but ascorbic acid contents of Korean green tea were higher than those of Japanese green tea.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.331-336
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• 2004

Changes in the level of metabolites in leaves and pods were examined with respect to the seed chemical composition in black soybean. There was no further increase in pod length after 42 days after flowering (DAF). Pod weight, however, persistently increase until 73 DAF, thereafter the weight was slightly lowered. The seed storage protein, however, increased drastically as the increasing rate of pod weight was lessened at 61 DAF. The accumulation of seed storage proteins was occurred conspicuously as the increasing rate of pod weight was slowed down. The chlorophyll content both in leaves and pods was drastically decreased after 50 DAF. The beginning of drastic reduction in chlorophyll content was occurred concomitantly with the reduction of soluble protein content in leaves. The sugar content in leaves showed similar tendency with chlorophyll and soluble protein content. The starch level in leaves, however, showed different changing pattern during seed development. The starch content in leaves was increased persistently until 66 DAF, thereafter the content was decreased drastically to about $55\%$ of maximal value at 66 DAF. Total phenolics content in leaves and the anthocyanins content in seeds were stable without noticeable increase until 66 DAF. The contents were increased dramatically after 66 DAF showing the synchronized pattern with the decrease in starch level in leaves. The levels of the selected metabolites in leaf and seed suggested that the accumulation of chemical components of black soybean seed is launched actively at 66 DAF. The profile of storage proteins was nearly completed at 61 DAF because there was no large difference in densitometric intensity among protein subunits after 61 DAF. In soybean, chemical maturation of seed begins around 61 to 66 DAF at which most metabolites in vegetative parts are decreased and remobilized into maturing seeds.

• Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.8-14
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• 2005

This study was carried out to develop a real-time grouping system of chlorophyll contents of rice crop canopy for precision agriculture. The system measured reflected light energy of a rice canopy on a paddy field from visual to near-infrared range and analyzed the collected information of chlorophyll contents of rice crop canopy with given position data. The four filters, 560 nm $({\pm}10nm)$, 650 nm $({\pm}25nm)$, 700 nm $({\pm}12nm)$, and 850 nm $({\pm}40nm)$, were used for a multiple regression to estimate the chlorophyll contents of rice crop canopy. Every $0.2m^2$ area of the open field was inspected at a distance of 1 m above the rice canopy. According to the results of verification test, the chlorophyll content grouping by a commerical chlorophyll meter (SPAD) and by the developed system showed 58.7% match for five-stage chlorophyll contents of rice crop canopy grouping and 93.5% for the $five{\pm}1-stage$ grouping. In addition, the results showed 63.0% match for three-stage grouping and 100.0% for the $three{\pm}1-stage$ grouping.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.83-88
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• 1989

This Study was designed to know the growth Status under various photoperiod using Zoysia matrella. The experimental plots were split into such groups as control (full sunlight) 3hour, 6hour and 9hour photoperiod by three replication of completely randomized design. Chlorophyll content was analyized by mackine method and total soluble sugar by anthrone method. The result obtained from this experiment was as fol1 lows ; l. Dry weight was high in the control and 9hour plots. Its decrease remarkably occured in the short day plots 2. Leaf growth woes remarkaly decreased by short day condition. Six hour was considered as critical duration for leaf growth. 3. The growth of rhizome in the 9hour and control plots was good. New development of rhizome in the' short day plots was very slow compare to the control plot. 4. Chlorophyll content was high at l8 days after transplanting and then decreased. Its content in the short day plots severely decreased. 5. The content of soluble sugar in the control was low at early growth stage and high at late growth stage. It was found that the shorter the exposure time to sunlight, the higher the ratio of sugar content.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.121-126
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• 1975

Chlorophyll a content in marine phytoplankton and nutrient in seawater were determined to study the influence of eutrophication of Jinhae Bay area on primary production. Sampels were taken in the surface layer and bottom of 21 stations in Jinhae Bay including Masan Bay and Hengam Bay, ana adjacent waters such as Geoje Bay and the estuary of Naktong River for refrence during summer Period in 1974. Chlorophyll a content was ranged from $0.52\;mg/m^3\;to\;25.16\;mg/m^3$ in whole area. Mean value of chlorophyll a was the highest in Masan Bay and the lowest in GeojeBay. It was noteworthy that chlorophyll a content of Hengam Bay was not much higher than that of neighboring ares and rather lower than that of the estuary of Naktong River in spite of high phosphate content. Linear relationship between increase of nutrients and chlorophyll a was found in Masan Bay and the estuary of Naktong River where N/P ratio of nutrients was over 12. This relationship however could not be found in most area of Jinhae Bay where N/P ratio of nutrients was lower than 2 which might due to the wastewater from the Chemical Fertilizer plant. Red tide and low dissolved oxygen waters due to eutrophication were observed during summer period in Masan Bay.