• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.341-348
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• 2000

Nowadays we continue to face challenges to the safety of our foods. It seems clear that contaminated meats provide the major route of listeria monocytogenes transmission from the environment to humans. L monocytogenes is the most important species associated with disease in humans among the listeria sp. The current incidence of symptomatic listeriosis caused by L monocytogenes is uncertain. Although the number of reports in the literature on listeriosis are increasing, it is likely that they are actually unrecognized or underreported because of a lack of awareness on the part of some laboratory workers who fail to isolate or identify these organisms. To get the information of sanitary development, we survey various meats (beef, pork, etc) in Kyongbuk area. Samples were collected from local meat shop at Kyongbuk area. Total sixty six case were isolated and identified from one hundreds and seven samples. L innocua was the most abundant in listeria sp. Among U isolates, the number of isolated L innocua was 43 (65.2%). The numbers of isolated L murrayi, L welshimeri, L monocytogenes and L seeligeri were 12(18.2%), 7(10.6%), 3(4.5%) and 1(1.5%), respectively, but L grayi, L iuanouii were not Isolated.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.29-36
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• 2008

A large amount of $2.1{\times}10^6m^3$ of polluted sediment was dredged from the Masan Bay and deposited in Gapo confined area, Masan, Korea. The six representative sediments were obtained and analyzed for issue components. The data was discussed with the species of benthos and their distribution. It was judged that toxicological effects of sediment analyzed ranged from ERL to ERM with copper and zinc, and ERL with cadmium, chrome, lead and nickel by the Adverse Biological Effects. The dredging index (DI) of sediments stabilized for 10 years since dumping the confined site was calculated and compared with the DI values of dredged sediment itself. DI values decreased from 0.67 to $0.07{\sim}0.18$, which reflects DI value less than 0.2 is good for benthos in the sediment by the natural recovery of dredged materials. The ecological recovery was confirmed in this confined area as a habitat of benthic organisms.

• Carbon letters
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.224-234
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• 2010

Four activated carbons were produced by two-stage process as followings; semi-carbonization of indigenous biomass waste, i.e. cotton stalks, followed by chemical activation with KOH under various activation temperatures and chemical ratios of KOH to semi-carbonized cotton stalks (CCS). The surface area, total pore volume and average pore diameter were evaluated by $N_2$-adsorption at 77 K. The surface morphology and oxygen functional groups were determined by SEM and FTIR, respectively. Batch equilibrium and kinetic studies were carried out by using a basic dye, methylene blue as a probe molecule to evaluate the adsorption capacity and mechanism over the produced carbons. The obtained activated carbon (CCS-1K800) exhibited highly microporous structure with high surface area of 950 $m^2/g$, total pore volume of 0.423 $cm^3/g$ and average pore diameter of 17.8 ${\AA}$. The isotherm data fitted well to the Langmuir isotherm with monolayer adsorption capacity of 222 mg/g for CCS-1K800. The kinetic data obtained at different concentrations were analyzed using a pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion equations. The pseudo-second-order model fitted better for kinetic removal of MB dye. The results indicate that such laboratory carbons could be employed as low cost alternative to commercial carbons in wastewater treatment.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.107-113
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• 2014

Small sized manganese dioxide particles are immobilized onto the surface of sand by the wet impregnation process. The surface morphology of the solid, i.e., immobilized manganese dioxide natural sand (IMNS) is performed by taking scanning electron microscope images and characterized by the X-ray diffraction data. The specific surface area of the solid is obtained, which shows a significant increase in the specific surface area obtained by the immobilization of manganese dioxide. The $pH_{PZC}$ (point of zero charge) is found to be 6.28. Further, the IMNS is assessed in the removal of As(III) and As(V) pollutants from aqueous solutions under the batch and column operations. Batch reactor experiments are conducted for various physicochemical parametric studies, viz. the effect of sorptive pH (pH 2.0-10.0), concentration (1.0-25.0 mg/L), and background electrolyte concentrations (0.0001-0.1 mol/L $NaNO_3$). Further, column experiments are conducted to obtain the efficiency of IMNS under dynamic conditions. The breakthrough data obtained by the column experiments are employed in non-linear fitting to the Thomas equation, so as to estimate the loading capacity of the column for As(III) and As(V).

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• v.2
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• pp.555-558
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• 2006

In recent years, urban development has expanded rapidly in Nawabshah City of Pakistan. A major effect associated with this population trend is transformation of the landscape from natural cover types to increasingly impervious urban land. The core objective of this study are to provide time-series information to define and measure the urban land cover changes of Nawabshah, Pakistan between the years 1992 and 2002, and to examine related urbanization impacts on air quality of the study area. Two multi-temporal Landsat images acquired in 1992 and 2002 together with standard topographical maps to measure land cover changes were used in this study. The image processing and data manipulation were conducted using algorithms supplied with the ERDAS Imagine software. An unsupervised classification approach, which uses a minimum spectral distance to assign pixels to clusters, was used with the overall accuracy ranging from 84 percent to 92 percent. Land cover statistics demonstrate that during the study period (1992-2002) extensive transformation of barren and vegetated lands into urban land have taken place in Nawabshah City. Results revealed that land cover changes due to urbanization has not only contaminated the air quality of the study area but also raised the health concerns for the local residents.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.19-21
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• 2001

The Shiheung mine was closed in 1972 and has been abandoned since then. Although some restoration work has been done, there still remain mine failings in and around the mine, posing a potential environmental hazard. Mine tailings and the porewater extracted from the tailing were investigated to see any evidence of elemental release and migration to adjacent groundwater and soil in the field. The pHs of the tailing range from 6.24 to 7.23. Calcite in the studied area seems to influence on such neutral pH range. Depth profile of mine tailing demonstrate elements have been leached and removed as a consequence of weathering during disposal. This is also supported by the findings from porewater analysis, corresponding the trends in the mine tailings. The concentrations of Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn in the tailing porewater exceed the standard value of EPA for drinking water and this implies groundwater can be contaminated through infiltration of the porewaters, which ultimately will be discharged as leachate from the mine tailing. Groundwater samples collected near the mine area do not show high metal concentrations, except for Fe, which were detected over drinking water standard.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.301-309
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• 2009

This study investigated school food service employees' recognition of sanitation and sanitary education in the Kyunggi area of Korea. In terms of personal hygiene, over 90% of the food service employees acknowledged personal hygiene and regarded it as important. Inspection of personal hygiene before cooking occurred "everyday" (85.5%); however, 17.2% continued cooking after dissatisfactory personal hygiene was identified. The food service employees thought that contaminated food materials (35.3%) was the biggest cause of foodborne illness. Approximately 71.4% of the respondents answered that sanitation education and testing related to cooking were conducted "once every month". In addition, 56.4% answered that education on cooking sanitation was "lots of help" and 36.3% answered it was "very helpful". Upon examining the food service employees' awareness about cooking sanitation over 90% were aware of sanitary cooking methods, and 46.1% responded that their biggest difficulty in performing sanitary cooking procedures was excessive work duties due to a lack of food service employees.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.335-341
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• 2011

The Goseong abandoned mine accident was a typical case of long-term sequela resulting from environmental disruption during the rapid economic development of Korea. While the final conclusion of epidemiologic investigation was that residents surrounding the abandoned mine were simply exposed to cadmium from the abandoned mine without any patient contracting 'itai-itai' disease, not only did residents around the abandoned mine suffer enormous psychological and economic damage, but people in neighbouring communities did as well when the entire area was stigmatized as an contaminated area. Environmental civic groups and the government worked together to solve the problem by forming a joint committee which held the right of decision in any matter to be determined. By inviting all the stakeholders to participate in the joint committee, a transparent investigation was guaranteed and the results of investigation and recommendations to solve the problem were accepted by all involved. Even though the environmental health division in Ministry of Environment has developed considerably and built up a capacity to deal with environmental accidents, the process which was adopted to solving the Goseong abandoned mine accident can be useful to settle environmental health issues with severe conflicts among stakeholders.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.57-63
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• 1996

The Dalsung copper-tungsten mine in the Taegu area, Korea was closed in 1975 and may be the sources of the heavy metal contamination in the tributary system and soil-plant system due to the mine drainage derived from the mine wastes and tailings. To examine the degree and extent of heavy metal contamination in the vicinity of Dalsung mine area, stream water and soil samples were taken and analyzed for heavy metals by ICP-AES and AAS. Highly contaminated soils are found near the Lower Tunnel No.0 ranging up to $1760{\mu}g/g$ As, $2060{\mu}g/g$ Cu, $1120{\mu}g/g$ Pb and 346 ${\mu}g/g$ Zn. From the results of the sequential extraction methods for the metal speciation, the heavy metals in soils may be derived from soil parent materials and acid mine drainage. With the processes for the heavy metal removal, most of the heavy metal ions in the acid mine drainage are removed by being exchanged with Ca ions held by the bentonite, hydroxyapatite and calcium hydoxide.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.27-33
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was in search of native plant species showing metal-resistant property and excessively accumulating heavy metals in metal-contaminated soil or abandoned mines as well as in evaluation of applicability of phytoremediation. In the study area, species showing excessively accumulating heavy metals were a shepherd´s purse, pampas grass, a Korean lettuce, a Hwansam vine, the Korean persicary, a foxtail, a goosefoot, and a water pepper. The first screened plant species in Sambo mine were as shepherd's purse, Korean lettuce and pampas grass Among them the shepherd´s purse can be excluded because it is a seasonal plant and has lower removal capacity for heavy metals. The Korean lettuce was also excluded because of having lower removal capacity for heavy metals. Pampas grass is a highly bionic plant species constantly growing from spring. However it has weak points such as little accumulation capacity for zinc as well as small values of an accumulation factor and a translocation factor. Another problem is regarded as removal of roots after the clean up if pampas grass is applied to a farmland. In Sanyang mine, wormwood and Sorijaengi were considered as adaptable species.