• Korean Journal of Hazardous Materials
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.31-37
• /
• 2014

Since the unprecedented hydrogen fluoride leak accident in 2012, there has been growing demand for customized technical information for rapid response and chemical accident management agencies including the Ministry of Environment, the National Emergency Management Agency, and the National Police Agency need more information on chemicals and accident management. In this regard, this study aims to provide reliable technical data and guidelines to initial response agencies, similar to accident management technical reports of the US and Canada. In this study, we conducted a questionnaire survey and interviews on initial response agencies like fire stations, police stations, and local governments to identify new information items for appropriate initial response and improvements of current guidelines. We also collected and reviewed the Canada's TIPS, US EPA's hydrogen fluoride documents, domestic and foreign literature on applicability tests of control chemicals, and interview data, and then produced items to be listed in the technical guidelines. In addition, to establish database of on-site technical information, we carried out applicability tests for accident control data including ① emergency shut down devide, safety guard, shut down valve, ground connection, dyke, transfer pipe, scrubber, and sensor; ② literature and field survey on distribution type and transportation/storage characteristics (container identification, valve, ground connection, etc.); ③ classification and identification of storage/transportation facilities and emergency management methodslike leak prevention, chemicals control, and cutoff or bypass of rain drainage; ④ domestic/foreign analysis methods and environmental standards including portable detection methods, test standards, and exposure limits; and ⑤ comparison/evaluation of neutralization efficiency of control chemicals on toxic substances.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.151-159
• /
• 2006

This study intends to surveyrequirements for port and logistics supply chain management with RFID {Radio Frequency IDentification)technology. Port and logistics supply chain management has become a critical issue due to the necessity of efficiency, visibility, trace-ability, etc. Since the introduction of RFID technology, its performance, reliability, validity, and safety have been a concern in most industries. Particularly, in port and logistics supply chain management, RFID has the potential to track the movement of containers and to provide in-transit visibility toward customers. In thispaper we consider some critical issues related to port and logistics supply chain management, which previously adopted RFID technology. In order to successfully design and adopt RFID technology and utilize it as optimally as is possible in the port and logistics industry, it is necessary to understand the potential of shipping companies and their requirements in adopting RFID technology in port and logistics.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.11-16
• /
• 2009

This study is about evaluation by users and evaluation cases centering packaging and containers for Universal Design products which are currently being used. This study also shows standards of evaluation for Universal Design items which are required for Universal Design and packaging. I also conducted a case study in Japan as a preceding case to suggest a viable guideline in time of displaying design. As a result, I could grasp parts to be improved and problems regarding standards of guideline for evaluation and evaluation methods which are necessary for developing goods by user evaluation. In addition, as shown by advanced cases, I suggested the necessity that the Universal Design should be fairly reflected in all design parts because of an increase in cases of packaging and containers corresponding to product identification items in the design evaluation division.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.30 no.2C
• /
• pp.31-40
• /
• 2005

we propose an enhanced self-generation supervised algorithm that by combining an ART algorithm and the delta-bar-delta method. Form the input layer to the hidden layer, ART-1 and ART-2 are used to produce nodes, respectively. A winner-take-all method is adopted to the connection weight adaption so that a stored pattern for some pattern is updated. we test the recognition of student identification, a certificate of residence, and an identifier from container that require nodes of hidden layers in neural network. In simulation results, the proposed self-generation supervised learning algorithm reduces the possibility of local minima and improves learning speed and paralysis than conventional neural networks.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
• /
• v.60 no.3
• /
• pp.146-154
• /
• 2023

Efforts have been made to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions from ships by limiting the energy efficiency index, and net zero CO₂ emission was proposed recently. The most ideal measure to achieve zero emission ship is electrification, and fuel cells are considered as a practical power source of the electrified propulsion system. The electric efficiency in the electrochemical reaction of fuel cells can be achieved up to 60% practically. The remaining energy is converted to heat energy but most of them are dissipated by cooling. In the author's previous research, a hybrid propulsion system utilizing not only electricity but also heat was introduced by combining electric motor and steam turbine. In this article, long term efficiency is evaluated for the introduced hybrid propulsion system by considering a virtual 24,000 TEU class container carrier model. To reflect a more practical operating condition, the actual navigation data of a similar real ship in the real world were collected from automatic identification system data and applied. From the result, the overall efficiency of the hybrid propulsion system is expected to be higher than a conventional electric propulsion fuel cell ship by 30%.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
• /
• v.45 no.3
• /
• pp.353-359
• /
• 2012

The identification of effective root zone would clarify dynamics of plant available water and soil water balance. Using the relationship between soil properties and electrical resistivity (ER) the purpose of this research is to identify soil zone affected by a plant root activity using electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) technique. Four plastic containers were prepared for two different soil textures (clay and sandy loam) and one container for each texture was selected for planting four corn seedlings (Zea mays L.) and the others were prepared for the blank. For ERT monitoring, we prepared 0.8 m plastic sticks with 17 electrodes installed with 5 cm space. The Ministing (AGI Inc., Texas) instrument for electrical resistivity measurement and semi-auto converter of electrode arrangement were set up for dipole-dipole array. During 2 months of the corns growing, ERT monitoring was made 3 to 4 days after the irrigation practice. Despite of the same amount water supplied into soils, two textures showed very different apparent resistivity values due to different clay content. The apparent electrical resistivity is consistently lower in clay loam comparing to sandy loam soil implying that plant root does not significantly alter the overall trend of resistivity. When plant root system, however, is active both soils with plants showed 2-7 times higher electrical resistivity and higher coefficient variation than soils without plant, implying the effect of root system on the resistivity, in which may caused by. This result suggests plant root activities regulating the soil water dynamics mainly control the variation of electrical resistivity over soil textural difference. Therefore the identification of water uptake zone would highly be correlated to plant root activities, thus ERT will be feasible approach to identify spatial characteristics of a plant root activity.

• 보존과학연구
• /
• s.25
• /
• pp.197-226
• /
• 2004

This study was made to identify species of archaeological wood products excavated from three sites(Kwunbuk-ni, Gungnamgi, Wanggung-ni) of Sabi Era, Baekje. These sitesare presumably considered as capital areas of Sabi Era, Baekje. Total of 220 specimens were identified into five softwoods and eighteen hardwoods. Pinus densiflora(or Pinusthunbergii) and Quercus spp. are the most common and occupied 32%, 28% of totalspecimen, respectively. The others are follows : Torreya nucifera(1%), Abiesholophylla(3%), Cryptomeria japonica(4%), Thuja spp.(2%), Chamaecyparisobutusa(2%), Salix spp.(1%), Platycarya strobilacea (3%), Alnus spp.(1%), Carpinusspp.(0.5%), Castanea crenata(9%), Zelkova serrata (6%), Celtis spp.(0.5%), Prunusspp.(2%), Rhus verniciflua(1%), Rhus trichocarpa(0.5%), Meliosma oldhamii(1%),Hovenia dulcis(1%), Kalopanax pictus(0.5%), Cornus walteri(0.5%), Styrax japonica(1%),Fraxinus rhynchophylla (0.5%), F. sieboldiana(1%).Most of the identified species have been growing in this area until nowadays. However,a few species(Cryptomeria japonica, Thuja spp. Chamaecyparis obutusa, Torreyanucifera) didn’t grow natively around this area at that time. Two species(Cryptomeriajaponica, Chamaecyparis obutusa) are endemic species of Japan, indicating international trade or exchange of woods between Baekje Kingdom and Japan in 6-7th century. Torreyanucifera grows in limited areas in Korea (south of $35^{\circ}$10′N), however, is widely distributed in the southern Japan. Quercus spp. was identified the most in implements of Baekje and Pinus densiflora(orPinus thunbergii) was in the second place. Zelkova serrata was mainly used for raw materials of turnery products, e.g., wooden container. This species produces one of the hardest woods as 0.7 in specific gravity. It indicates that iron technologies have reached some high level in Sabi Era, Beakje.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2015

Objectives: The major objectives of this study are to review the U.S. Standard which affected Korean worker's Right-to-Know Standard and to propose the way of improving the reliability of MSDS and labels. Methods: To review the U.S. Standard historically, we used the Federal Register, other criteria documentation and peer-reviewed literatures. Then we analysed major issues in the historical debatement on the worker's Right-to-Know Standard. Results: Korean MSDS Standard benchmarked the U.S. Hazard Communication Standard which finally established by President Reagan in 1983. Reagan's Hazard Communication Standard was aimed to preempt States Right-to-Know Acts for chemical industry and not to improve the awareness of workers on chemical hazards. Too much protection on trade secrets and low reliability of hazard information were key problems of the U.S. Standard. Conclusions: We recommend some ways to improve Korean MSDS and Label Standard. First, A new analysis frame is needed to understand the U.S Standard. Second, hazard identification is the key element of reliable information and chemical name and CAS number should be on the label of the container. Third, trade secrets should be limited to low hazardous substances and be permitted by government before the chemical product is on the market.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.17 no.7
• /
• pp.276-282
• /
• 2017

Password-based authentication is vulnerable because of its low cost and convenience, but it is still widely used. In order to increase the security of the password-based user authentication method, the password is changed frequently, and it is recommended to use a combination of numbers, alphabets and special characters when generating the password. However, it is difficult for users to remember passwords that are difficult to create and it is not easy to change passwords periodically. Therefore, in this paper, we implemented a user authentication system that does not require a password by using the USB memory that is commonly used. Authentication data used for authentication is protected by USB data stored in USB memory using USB device information to improve security. Also, the authentication data is one-time and reusable.Based on this, it is possible to have the same security as the password authentication system and the security level such as certificate or fingerprint recognition.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• v.37 no.4
• /
• pp.229-236
• /
• 1999

In order to refer to the basic information regarding the identification of isolates obtained from a contact lens container in Korea, the isoelectric focusing gel electrophoresis was employed to compare the isoenzyme band patterns among Acanthamoeba spp. including eight isolates and the simple pairwise dissimilarity analysis was carried out. For an alkaline phosphate development, isolate 7 and Acanthamoeba polyphaga showed homologous band patterns, and isolates 1, 2, and 3 showed the same patterns. For lactate dehydrogenase, similar patterns were observed in isolates 2 and 3. Isolates 3 and 5 showed homologous band patterns for malate dehydrogenase and glucose phosphate isomerase. For hexokinase, isolates 4, 7, and A. hatchetti showed the same band patterns. In others, a considerable number of interstrain polymorphisms was observed in nine isoenzyme band patterns. In Acanthamoeba group II, genetic distances among isolates 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 ranged from 0.104 to 0.200. In comparison to A. castellanii, A. hatchetti, and A. poIyphaga, genetic distances of isolates 7 and 8 were 0.254 and 0.219, respectively. In Acanthamoeba group III, including A. culbertsoni, A. healyi, and A. royreba, isolate 6 had genetic distances which ranged from 0.314 to 0.336. Finally, when comparing to the six reference Acanthamoeba, it was possible to classify isolates 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, as genetically close-related species and as independent species group. Furthermore, isolates 6, 7 and 8 were identified as independent species as well.