• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.353-353
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• 2021

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.29 no.11
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• pp.1485-1497
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to define the mutual relationship between the explanatory variables of brand loyalty and consumer's fashion luxury brand loyalty, and ultimately to show a path model of fashion luxury brand loyalty. Especially this was focused on the relationship among social risk perception, symbolism involvement, marketer leading information search, and continuing brand loyalty. In the empirical study, a questionnaire was developed through the literature search and a survey was conducted both in on-line and off-line questionnaire simultaneously. Finally 291 data from males and females who had a buying experience of luxury brand goods were analyzed. The result showed the 4 significant paths of fashion luxury brand loyalty existed, such as social risk perception$\rightarrow$symbolism involvement, social risk perception$\rightarrow$marketer leading information search, symbolism involvement$\rightarrow$continuing brand loyalty, marketer leading information search$\rightarrow$continuing brand loyalty. And the explanatory factor which has the strongest influencing power to continuing brand loyalty was symbolism involvement. The powers of social risk perception and marketer leading information search to continuing brand loyalty were weaker than symbolism involvement. The findings of this study are expected to contribute to develop a theory on the consumer's loyalty to fashion luxury goods and marketing strategies for enhancing the brand loyalty.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.197-215
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• 2016

Purpose This study aims to investigate the factors that influence decision making in relation to providing personal information on the internet with respect to the integration of the privacy calculus theory and protection motivation theory based on the dual-calculus model proposed by Li(2012). Design/methodology/approach The privacy calculus theory and protection motivation theory have been applied to explain privacy behavior to a certain degree but few studies have been conducted to explain privacy behavior based on the integration of these two theories. Although Li(2012) proposed the dual-calculus model, he only proposed its framework and did not carry out an empirical study. Therefore, this study proposes a research model that integrates these two theories and examines the relationship between the two theories through an empirical study. Findings According to the results of empirical analysis, it was found that all relations have statistically significant explanatory power except the relation between coping appraisal and privacy risk in the risk calculus process. Thus, the results verify that external threat played a decisive role in increasing the risk level of a consumer's privacy. It can be discussed the ways to enhance the privacy behavior of consumer on the internet through these findings.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.149-161
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• 2008

Internet shopping provides convenience to consumers, however, in recent years the consumer's return rate and return-related disputes continue to increase. This article examines the characteristics of return behavior through return experiences of internet clothing purchases. For an empirical study, questionnaires were handed out to 317 undergraduate male and female students, in which the results had been used for data analysis. Data were analyzed through SPSS 12.0 software, descriptive statistics, factor analysis, t-test, ANDVA analysis, Duncan test, and $x^2-test$. The results are the following: The analysis of consumers' return factor for clothes in Internet shopping showed there are five factors: product and quality, delivery, impulse buying, change of mind, and service. There is a significant difference in product quality of return factors depending on the availability of the return experience. Thus, consumers with return experience showed more return tendency owing to product quality factor than consumers without return experience. The availability of consumer's return experience was significantly related to information search. Consumers with return experience showed more consistent information search than consumers without return experience. There were significant differences in perceived risks depending on the availability and degree of consumer's return experience. In other words, consumers with return experience perceived more account related risk than consumers without return experience. Moreover, the more return experience the consumer has, the more risks consumers perceived in product performance.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.705-712
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• 2007

In spite of the fact that the food group(Food, Drinks and Health foods & Agricultural and Marine products) occupies little position in total sales of Internet shopping mall, the food group's sales in cyber shopping mall in 2006 have increased 678.1% over 5 years. In addition to the fact that the food consumption pattern has changed from quality-oriented to convenience, health and safety-oriented, the need to decrease the opportunity cost created by housework is rising in the context of increase of women's work participation rate. The wind of change like these will become the foundation on which cyber food industry will be developed. The factors having an effect on consumer purchasing intentions when one buy foods through internet shopping malls are researched in this thesis. For the investigation, women of 697 were surveyed by a questionnaire, and the data were analyzed by the SPSS for WINDOW(Version 12.0). The result is as follows: Factors having an effect on food purchasing intentions are Convenience(Timesaving, Troublesomeness), Customer service(Responsiveness, Reliability, Empathy, Tangibility), Perceived Customer Risk(Economic, Social, Performance risk) and Shopping experience(Easy to find out, Easy process for payment) in order.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.29-40
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• 2004

Even though rhythm is considered theoretically and practically as a form element influencing consumer's aesthetic response on product design, researches on it relatively less performed than other product aesthetic elements. And also existing researches have only suggested rhythm as one of aesthetic elements in product design but they haven't suggested overall insight on how to apply rhythm into product design. This study tested how rhythm expression in product design affects consumer's aesthetic response according to price level and brand hierarchy. The result shows that rhythm is clearly one of aesthetic elements. And rhythm expression increase consumer's aesthetic response in low priced product condition regardless of brand hierarchy. But in high priced product condition, rhythm expression decreases consumer's aesthetic response because of perceived risk. Only when in high prestige brand condition, consumer's aesthetic response remains high because of trade-off relationship between perceived risk and brand equity. The result of this study enables designers to understand characteristics of rhythm. Also, the result can give companies the useful way on how to use rhythm element as a strategic tool if they consider their brand equity level and product's price level.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.691-702
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• 2015

This study examined the levels of risk perception of food risk elements by adopting a psychometric paradigm and analyzed factors affecting concerns about food risk elements to obtain basic materials for food safety policy. The data were collected from 296 housewives in Daegu, Korea, by a self-administered questionnaire. Frequency distributions, Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis, factor analysis, Cronbach's ${alpha}$, and multiple regression analyses were conducted by SPSS 21.0. The mean level of concern for food safety was 3.75/5.00 points, and the mean percentage of correct answers about heavy metal contamination was highest among food risk elements. The respondents perceived radioactive contaminated foods, GM foods, and endocrine disruptors as a new, delayed, scientifically unknown, involuntary, serious, and uncontrollable risk in risk perception. According to the result of factor analysis for risk perception, two factors such as non-controllability and dread were categorized. In the risk perception map, radioactive contaminated foods and GM foods were considered as an uncontrollable and dreaded risk, heavy metal contamination, endocrine disruptors, and pesticide residues as a controllable and dreaded risk, and foodborne illness and food additives as a controllable and less dreaded risk. On the other hand, the levels of concerns about food risk elements were higher in order of radioactive contaminated foods, GM foods, and endocrine disruptors. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that age, concern for food safety, percentage of correct answers about food risk elements, non-controllability, and dread influenced the concerns about food risk elements. These results imply that food safety policies should consider differences in consumer's risk perception of food risk elements.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.66
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• pp.285-312
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• 2015

Export and import of food, agriculture, forestry, fishery products are suffering from low growth rate due to the European financial crisis, global recession, and Japan's 2012 export expansion following the aftermath of 2011 earthquake. Upon the signing and enactment of Free Trade Agreement with the U.S. and the EU, agriculture and fishery product have become the center of attention. Agriculture and fishery was reported to be 80million dollars, 1.46% of total national export, in 2012. Starting from2000, South Korea's government began its effort to expand agriculture and fishery export and as a result, export has steadily increased despite decreased consumption led by global recession. K-Sure has started an insurance program with the purpose of promoting SME business's export. It protects SME business against risk arising from credit, emergency, bad debt, and domestic price increase. This study aims to evaluate the service quality of K-Sure's insurance program via surveying SME businesses in the agriculture and fishery industry. Also this study will identify key service factors for SME businesses and explore ways to expand SME exports of agriculture and fishery by analyzing consumer satisfaction index. Results indicated service product quality factor, service communication quality factor, and social quality factor was key to improving consumer satisfaction for SME businesses in agriculture and fishery industry. Service product quality factor had a negative effect on consumer satisfaction in term of variety and results indicated that service communication quality factor's responsiveness element had minimal impact on consumer satisfaction. Conversely, all elements for social quality factor had positive effects on consumer satisfaction. Thus, leading to the conclusion that improvements in service product quality factor and service communication quality factor will indeed increase consumer satisfaction.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.49-65
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• 2010

The purpose of this paper is to derive the categories of negative e-WOM (electronic word of mouth) via consumer review. Disclosing the details of negative e-WOM based consumer reviews has never been done before. For this reason, a content analysis was adopted to provide knowledge and understanding of the phenomenon. This paper analyzes the content of 630 consumer reviews posted on the open market internet site, www.auction.co.kr. The analysis was conducted from October 20th, 2008 to March 10th, 2009. The results indicated that the negative e-WOM based consumer reviews can be divided into two categories: the cognitive evaluation and the expression of consumer's emotion. The category of cognitive evaluation is consisted of negative e-WOM of product, negative e-WOM of service, and warning about the risk of purchasing products. The category of expressing consumers' emotion are composed of venting customers' dissatisfaction and passive response of dissatisfaction. Investigating the details of negative e-WOM has a number of implications. Most importantly, the results revealed multidimensional structure of negative e-WOM. This understanding of negative e-WOM communication allows marketers to improve products and services that better meet customers' current and future needs.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.690-704
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• 2014

This study examined the risk perception in internet shopping by Chinese and analyzed the effects of risk perception on internet word-of-mouth acceptance and transmission. This analysis was conducted with data collected from 373 Chinese individuals in their 20s. Data were analyzed with factorial analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA, multiple regression analysis, Chi-square test, and Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ using SPSS 18.0. The results were: 1) The factor analysis of risk perception extracted four factors: fashion/social psychological risk, product risk, transaction risk, and economic risk. The cluster analysis classified them into: Group with low-risk, Group with high-risk, Group with economic risk, and Group with medium-risk. 2) Group with high-risk and Group with economic risk had a higher word-of-mouth acceptance than other groups. The Group with a high-risk had more word-of-mouth transmission than other groups. 3) It was found that when word-of-mouth was accepted, the factual information about fashion products (size and material) was most referred to, and that the overall evaluation of satisfaction and dissatisfaction was most conveyed when word-of-mouth was conveyed. 4) Internet word-of-mouth acceptance was affected by product risk, economic risk, and transaction risk. Internet word-of-mouth transmission was affected by economic risk, and fashion/social psychological risk, product risk, and transaction risk.