• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.584-593
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• 2021

The sediment makes up the sea floor and plays an important role as a habitats for living things in the sea. However, pollution of coastal sediment due to internal and external factors such as inflow of contaminants from land and self-pollution becoming more serious, the needs for management of sediment that play an important role in ecology, is increasing. In particular, the review and evaluation of the effects of sediment in marine development projects including reclamation and dredging, have significance in terms of proactive protection and management of surrounding ecosystems. This study proposed the improvement measures for marine sediment management standards on the sea area utilization consultation for the development of public water. For the purpose, The evaluation and management standards of domestic and overseas marine sediments were reviewed and compared. The sediment environment guidelines under the Marine Environment Management Act of Korea were reviewed. Accordingly, the cases of Canada and NOAA, which have various evaluation standards consist of comprehensive factors, were analyzed. For analysis of operational cases, the port and fishing port development projects for the last five years (2016-2020) that are considered to have the greatest impact on sediments among the sea area use consultations were also reviewed. Finally, this study suggested that the assessment factors for ecological hazards and potential human risks should be considered in the sediment environmental standards in the sea area utilization consultation system.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.631-641
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was done to develop standards for dementia care as a baseline for professional nurses to provide a framework for dementia care evaluation Methods: The dementia care standards were developed through a literature review and focus group discussions. According to the Delphi method, the data analysis was conducted using the Content Validity Index (CVI). Results: The final set of 18 standards on dementia care was developed through one round of CVI. The standards included four structural standards: 'Organization of nursing system', 'Operating system', 'Management of human resources', 'Management of material resources', 13 procedural standards: 'Advanced assessment', 'Nursing diagnosis', 'Nursing plam', 'Advanced nursing implementation', 'Evaluation', 'Education', 'Research', 'Consultation', 'Counseling and cooperation', 'Development of specialty', 'Utilizing resources', 'Nursing quality assurance', 'Ethics', and one standard concerning outcome ('Evaluation of nursing tasks in care of patients with dementia'). The final set of 55 criteria on care of patients with dementia was confirmed through two rounds of CVI. The final 171 indicators were confirmed through four rounds of CVI. Conclusion: These dementia care standards provides a framework that allows registered nurses to clarify their roles and tasks in the care of patients with dementia and provides evaluation criteria.

• Journal of KIBIM
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.10-19
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• 2021

In the evaluation for ordering BIM-based projects (Design Build) of Korean National Railway, criteria of BIM-based smart construction technology are assessed. Unlike the existing assessment criteria, performance resources and detailed assessment guidelines have been added by this research. The purpose of this study is to propose qualification assessment standards according to specific guidelines when evaluating on the phase of bidding for BIM-based projects. In the study, an improved evaluation standard (draft) was arranged based on two consultation meetings and surveys of related companies, applied to existing projects with the companies that won the bid, and validated. As more specific and added criteria compared to the existing standards, it could reduce the difficulty of evaluation for BIM capability and lay the foundation for railway BIM-based project management.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.11-21
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• 2021

In order to create future-oriented special school facilities with a high-quality educational environment in response to various changes and demands of the times, it is necessary to break away from the existing uniform and formal framework to find appropriate special school space. This study was a basic research to construct an active detailed model of new and creative educational space that reflects the changes of future society and educational direction. In this study, we proposed a criteria based on case studies and expert advice, deviating away from the limitations and problems that existing special schools' educational space had. The direction of plan was presented based on the compilation of expert consultation and analysis of best practice facility survey across the nation. Based on the results of this study, it is intended to maximize the effectiveness of educational policies in the long term by preparing a specific facility model for the establishment of special school planning standards.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.112-123
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• 2013

HbA1c was recently adopted as a reliable indicator for screening diabetes. This study investigated the ability of nutrition consultation to prevent diabetes in overweight women (BMI 23 $kg/m^2$ or more) using HbA1c as an indicator. Twenty overweight and obese women (with $HbA1c{\geq}5.7$%) completed the 12-week nutritional study, with individual and personalized nutrition counseling performed every 2 weeks. The main study guidelines involved the following: 1) reducing the intake of high fat foods and alcohol, 2) consuming a large amount of vegetables, 3) reducing the intake of simple sugars and empty-calorie foods, and 4) increasing physical activity to ${\geq}30$ min/day. Anthropometric (height, weight, BMI, body muscle (kg), body fat (%), waist and hip circumference, blood pressure) and biochemical parameters (fasting blood sugar (FBS), HbA1c, lipid profiles, hs-CRP) were measured before and after the nutrition consultation. After 12 weeks, the HbA1c<5.7% group had significant decreases in BMI, WC, HC, WHR, HbA1c, hs-CRP and also dietary intake of energy (P<0.01), carbohydrates, lipids (P<0.01), proteins (P<0.01) and cholesterol was significantly decreased (P<0.05). In the HbA1c ${\geq}5.7$% group, HbA1c, TC, LDL, NON-HDL, hs-CRP and dietary intake of energy, carbohydrate, lipid, protein, and cholesterol significantly decreased (P<0.05). These results suggest that nutrition consultation effectively helps to prevent diabetes in overweight and obese women after applying HbA1c standards. Overall, the improvement in all markers measured suggest that HbA1c is a good indicator for blood glucose regulation, helping to prevent diabetes.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.99-115
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose for this study was to identify the present state of Clinical Nurses with Expanded Role (CNERs) and provide basic data to refine the roles of CNERs. In this study, CNREs refers to nurses who perform techniques traditionally done by doctors and use titles such as clinical nursing specialist, educator with consultation, research assistant, coordinator, physician assistant and special examiner. Method: This study was conducted from September 1 to November 12, 2007. Data from 684 nurses from 38 hospitals who responded to the questionnaire were analyzed with descriptive statistics using the SPSS 14.0 program. Results: The mean percentage of time spent was, for direct practice, 41.1%, for education and counseling, 22.8%, for consultation and coordination, 10.4%, for research, 6.8%, for administration, 8.9% and for other activities, 10.0%. The most frequently implemented CNERs, activities included consultation and education for patients and their families, counseling by telephone, history taking, physical examination, reading examination results, psychosocial assessment, managing treatment, input of prescriptions, and writing up patient records, Although not frequently performed, nurses in some fields carried out invasive procedures and prescribed medication and laboratory tests. Conclusion: Although the number of hospital CNERs are rapidly increasing, there is still confusion about the title and framework as well as standards. Furthermore, because some nurses are prescribing medication and laboratory tests as well as performing techniques not traditionally done by nurses, there is an absolute need for a legalized system and systematic education system for the safety of patients who are being cared by all CNERs.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.19-30
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• 2013

Purpose: The planning and design of hospital generally requires the participation and consultation of skilled experts since it has more complex space program than any other buildings. Therefore, the BIM systems for the planning of hospital have been tried continuously. The purpose of this study is to identify the precondition for space Program validation of healthcare architecture based on BIM, which is recently receiving wide attention. Method: For this study, United States, Australia and Finland's guidelines were analyzed among the description space program validation system in 14 overseas BIM Guidelines. And the propose precondition that can be applied to healthcare architecture from among these description of space program validation items, target, process etc for General building. Result: 1) spatial program validation is the following four evaluation phase. Step 1: Standard setting phase Step 2: BIM model accuracy assessment phase Step 3: space validation phase Step 4: Performance evaluation phase 2) The standards for the building elements at Standards Setting stage is considered to the standards for the architectural elements of General building. 3) Healthcare Architecture Area calculation method is considered to be reasonable that borrowing the area calculation standard of general architecture according to the UIA of international standards. However, Be proposed of measuring method that reflect the efficiency of the design process step-by-step area calculation method. The performance assessment indicators of reflect the Hospital uniqueness have to developed. And the research needs to be carried out continuously according to the purpose for healthcare architecture of feature-oriented. Implications: In this paper like to understanding that precondition of space program validation considering the BIM. As a result, understanding to condition about step of the evaluation, the evaluation standards. Is expected to keep the focus on the development of performance indicators that reflect the uniqueness of the hospital for the efficient evaluation of the Hospital building.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.18
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• pp.8595-8598
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• 2016

Background: Decision making modalities for screening for many cancer conditions and different stages have become increasingly complex. Computer-based risk assessment systems facilitate scheduling and decision making and support the delivery of cancer screening services. The aim of this article was to survey electronic risk assessment system as an appropriate tool for the prevention of cancer. Materials and Methods: A qualitative design was used involving 21 face-to-face interviews. Interviewing involved asking questions and getting answers from exclusive managers of cancer screening. Of the participants 6 were female and 15 were male, and ages ranged from 32 to 78 years. The study was based on a grounded theory approach and the tool was a semi-structured interview. Results: Researchers studied 5 dimensions, comprising electronic guideline standards of colorectal cancer screening, work flow of clinical and genetic activities, pathways of colorectal cancer screening and functionality of computer based guidelines and barriers. Electronic guideline standards of colorectal cancer screening were described in the s3 categories of content standard, telecommunications and technical standards and nomenclature and classification standards. According to the participations' views, workflow and genetic pathways of colorectal cancer screening were identified. Conclusions: The study demonstrated an effective role of computer-guided consultation for screening management. Electronic based systems facilitate real-time decision making during a clinical interaction. Electronic pathways have been applied for clinical and genetic decision support, workflow management, update recommendation and resource estimates. A suitable technical and clinical infrastructure is an integral part of clinical practice guidline of screening. As a conclusion, it is recommended to consider the necessity of architecture assessment and also integration standards.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.1-12
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• 2021

This study aims to propose a planning direction based on the results of domestic case studies and expert advice as a basic research to establish a specific implementation model for kindergarten education space in response to changes in future society and future education by escaping from the issues and facility limitations of existing kindergarten education space. To this end, it is intended to contribute to the positive effect of future education policies by being used as basic data for building specific implementation models through review of the 'Nuri' course, domestic case analysis, and revision of specific standards for kindergarten facility planning. The main research results were case analysis and advisory consultations to derive facility standards and planning directions divided into layout plans, general classrooms, support facilities, public spaces, and external spaces, and a process for identifying and systematizing space-influencing factors based on the facility standards derived in this basic study is needed hereafter.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.53-57
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• 2020

This article reviews a wide range of literature on the standards and process of child custody evaluation in the US, and proposes custody evaluation standards appropriate to Korea. Custody evaluation refers to the process of making psychiatric and psychological evaluations of each parent and the child during a custody dispute and presenting to the family court a report of custody evaluation with the aim of safeguarding the best interests of the child. In the past, it was thought that children arethe fathers' possessions or that younger children should be raised by the mother; however, currently, custody rights are evaluated in accordance with the principle of the best interests of the child. The principle is all-encompassing and vague and hence, the court makes increasingly more requests to mental health professionals for custody evaluation. Since the Seoul Family Court introduced the expert consultation system in 2017, the involvement of mental health professionals in child custody decisions has increased in Korea. Custody evaluators should try to be neutral and find the objective facts, keeping in mind that their role is to aid the court in making a custody decision.