• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• autumn
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• pp.180-185
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• 2003

The increase of traffic over a bridge has been emerged as one of the most severe problems in view of bridge maintenance, since the load effect caused by the vehicle passage over the bridge has brought out a long-term damage to bridge structure, and it is nearly impossible to maintain operational serviceability of bridge to user's satisfactory level without any concern on bridge maintenance at the phase of completion. Moreover, bridge maintenance operation should be performed by regular inspection over the bridge to prevent structural malfunction or unexpected accidents front breaking out by monitoring on cracks or deformations during service. Therefore, technical breakthrough related to this uninterested field of bridge maintenance leading the public to the turning point of recognition is desperately needed. This study has the aim of development on automated inspection system to lower surface of bridge superstructures to replace the conventional system of bridge inspection with the naked eye, where the monitoring staff is directly on board to refractive or other type of maintenance .vehicles, with which it is expected that we can solve the problems essentially where the results of inspection are varied to change with subjective manlier from monitoring staff, increase stabilities in safety during the inspection, and make contribution to construct data base by providing objective and quantitative data and materials through image processing method over data captured by cameras. By this system it is also expected that objective estimation over the right time of maintenance and reinforcement work will lead enormous decrease in maintenance cost.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.157-178
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• 2013

This study gives a conceptual and basic direction to develop a URL (underground research laboratory) program for establishing the performance and safety of a deep geological disposal system in Korea. The concept of deep geological disposal is one of the preferred methodologies for the final disposal of spent nuclear fuel (SNF). Advanced countries with radioactive waste disposal have developed their own disposal concepts reasonable to their social and environmental conditions and applied to their commercial projects. Deep geological disposal system is a multi-barrier system generally consisting of an engineered barrier and natural barrier. A disposal facility and its host environment can be relied on a necessary containment and isolation over timescales envisaged as several to tens of thousands of years. A disposal system is not allowed in the commercial stage of the disposal program without a validation and demonstration of the performance and safety of the system. All issues confirming performance and safety of a disposal system include investigation, analysis, assessment, design, construction, operation and closure from planning to closure of the deep geological repository. Advanced countries perform RD&D (research, development & demonstration) programs to validate the performance and safety of a disposal system using a URL facility located at the preferred rock area within their own territories. The results and processes from the URL program contribute to construct technical criteria and guidelines for site selection as well as suitability and safety assessment of the final disposal site. Furthermore, the URL program also plays a decisive role in promoting scientific understanding of the deep geological disposal system for stakeholders, such as the public, regulator, and experts.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.518-525
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• 2019

Recently, the Sub-Committee on SDC (Ship Design and Construction) of IMO have discussed actively the technical issues associated with the second-generation intact stability criteria of ships. Generally, second generation intact stability criteria refer to vulnerability five modes ship stability which occurs when the ship navigating in rough seas. As waves passes the ship, dynamic roll motion phenomenon will affect ship stability that may lead to capsizing. Multi-tiered approach for second generation of intact stability criteria of IMO instruments covers apply for all ships. Each ship is checked for vulnerability to pure loss of stability, parametric roll, and broaching/surf-riding phenomena using L1(level 1) vulnerability criteria. If a possible vulnerability is detected, then the L2(level 2) criteria is used, followed by direct stability assessment, if necessary. In this study, we propose a new method to verify the criteria of the surf-riding/broaching mode of small ships. In case, L1 vulnerability criteria is not satisfied based on the relatively simple calculation using the Froude number, we presented the calculation code for the L2 criteria considering the hydrodynamics in waves to perform the more complicated calculation. Then the vulnerability criteria were reviewed based on the data for a given ship. The value of C, which is the probability of the vulnerability criteria for surf-riding/broaching, was calculated. The criteria value C is considered in new approach method using the Froude-Krylov force and the diffraction force. The result shows lower values when considering both the Froude-rylov force and the diffraction force than with only the Froude-Krylov force was considered. This difference means that when dynamic roll motion of ship, more exact wave force needs considered for second generation intact stability criteria This result will contribute to basic ship design process according to the IMO Second-Generation Intact Stability Criteria.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.205-226
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• 2016

As knowledge workers have increased and information interchanges become more diverse, only the resources of internal enterprise is not longer useful, and the practical use of external information through information public sharing network is even more crucial. But, few studies that use both internal and external information sharing systems together have been conducted. In this research, we carried on the depth interview to analyze the main factors that intend to utilize outside information as well as to share inside information voluntarily. In conclusion, sharing internal information is directly involved with the performance of their job exchanging simple data, past documents, and technical materials. On the other hand, using the external information belonged to several other organizations is mostly caused by the voluntary participants' satisfaction sharing their individual experience through the network systems. Based on the study, we propose the idea that can activate both internal and external information sharing network through the system with user feedback function regarding the customized information, and with the space expansion where people can freely raise their private opinion. We also introduce the plan of the construction of communication systems with various experts, and the development of compatible devices with diverse interfaces.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.119-129
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• 2018

The Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs has promulgated the mandatory design of BIM for road projects of more than 50 billion won by 2020 under the Basic Plan for the Sixth Construction Technology Promotion. As a result, major public clients are attempting to implement BIMs that are appropriate to the situation of each institution. On the other hand, it is difficult to design and construct a proper BIM and accumulate BIM information of the ordering organization because the technical guidelines and standard classification system that can perform BIM effectively have not been presented sufficiently. The characteristics of the road should be managed systematically, e.g., atypical objects, such as earthworks, which are constantly changing along a line; large objects, such as bridges and tunnels; and facilities, such as signs and soundproof walls. To achieve this, a multitude of standard systems should be developed and disseminated, but there have been insufficient studies on practical methods. To solve this problem, this study developed a BIM standard object classification system in the road sector to meet the international standard, accommodate a multi-dimensional information system, and provide a more effective BIM standard information environment that can be utilized easily by practitioners.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.232-243
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• 2018

The construction, development and maintenance of an economically, environmentally and socially sustainable campus involves the integration of measuring tools and technical information that invites and encourages the community to know the actual state to generate positive actions for reducing the negative impacts over the local environment. At the Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Campus $Bogot{\acute{a}}$, a public area with daily traffic of more than 25000 people, the Environmental Management Bureau has committed with the monitoring of the noise pollution and air quality, as support to the campaigns aiming to reduce the pollutant emissions associated to the student's activities and campus operation. The target of this study is based in the implementation of mobile air quality and sonometry monitoring equipment, the mapping of the actual air quality and noise pollution inside the university campus as a novel methodology for a sub-area inside a megacity. This results and mapping are proposed as planning tool for the institution administrative sections. A mobile Kunak$^{(R)}$ Air & OPC air monitoring station with the capability to measure particulate matter $PM_{10}$, $PM_{2.5}$, Ozone ($O_3$), Sulfur Oxide ($SO_2$), Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Nitrogen Oxide ($NO_2$) as well as Temperature, Relative Humidity and Latitude and Longitude coordinates for the data georeferenciation; and a sonometer Cirrus$^{(R)}$ 162B Class 2 were used to perform the measurements. The measurements took place in conditions of academic activity and without it, with the aim of identify the impacts generated by the campus operation. Using the free code geographical information software QGIS$^{(R)}$ 2.18, the maps of each variable measured were developed, and the impacts generated by the operation of the campus were identified qualitative and quantitively. For the measured variables, an increase of around 21% for the $L_{Aeq}$ noise level and around 80% to 90% for air pollution were detected during the operation period.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.102-115
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• 2018

The world's major countries carry forward strategies for enhancing industrial competitiveness, resulting in the fourth industrial revolution while a new growth engine is required to deal with the slow growth of global economy and declining productivity. Artificial intelligence (AI) is regarded as a core technology of the fourth industrial revolution. AI is expected to be implemented rapidly in advertising and media industries. However, it is hard to find an effective way to implement AI in these industries, especially because of how quickly the AI market changes and develops. Therefore, this study seeks the possible industrial influence of AI in advertising and media industries and invigoration plan for AI, by an in-depth interview with 10 professionals who lead the AI market. First, it was analyzed to explore the macroscopic side of the AI market through P (Politics), E (Economy), S (Society), and T (Technology). Also, the applicability of AI in advertising and media industries was explored by analyzing its S (Strength), W (Weakness), O (Opportunity), and T (Threat).The result indicates that it is necessary to build up a nation-wide construction of infrastructure for the fourth industrial revolution to invigorate AI in advertising and media industries. Moreover, a social environment capable of overcoming a hyper-connected society and social risks should be fostered. Lastly, it is urgent for both the industrial and academic world to diagnose the influence of AI in advertising and media industries, to anticipate the future in accordance with technological advance, set a proper direction, to invest actively for technical development of AI, and to formulate innovative policies.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.623-635
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• 2018

In order to study the mechanical behavior of shield tunnel segments during assembly stage, the in-situ tests and FDM numerical simulation were conducted based on the Foguan Shiziyang Tunnel with large cross-section. Analysis for the load state of the assembling segments in different assembly steps as well as the investigation for the changing of inner forces and longitudinal stress of segments with assembling steps were carried out in this paper. By comparing the tested results with the simulated results, the conclusions and suggestions could be drawn as follows: (1) It is the most significant for the effects on axial force and bending moment caused by the assembly of adjacent segment, followed by the insertion of key segment while the effects in the other assembly steps are relative smaller. With the increasing value of axial force, the negative bending moment turns into positive and remains increasing in most monitored sections, while the bending moment of segment B1and B6 are negative and keeping increasing; (2) The closer the monitored section to the adjacent segments or the key segment, the more significant the internal forces response, and the monitored effects of key segment insertion are more obvious than that of calculation; (3) The axial forces are all in compression during assembling and the monitored values are about 1.5~1.75 times larger than the calculated values, and the monitored values of bending moment are about 2 times the numerical calculation. The bending moment is more sensitive to the segments assembly process compared with axial force, and it will result in the large bending moment of segments during assembling when the construction parameters are not suitable or the assembly error is too large. However, the internal forces in assembly stage are less than those in normal service stage; (4) The distribution of longitudinal stress has strong influence on the changing of the internal forces. The segment side surface and intrados in the middle of two adjacent jacks are the crack-sensitive positions in the early assembly stage, and subsequently segment corners far away from the jacks become the crack-sensitive parts either.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.23-29
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• 2020

As the duty to report and investigate major elevator failures has expanded due to the total amendment of the Elevator Safety Management Act in 2018, more important information on major elevator failures that have been partially identified has been collected. As of 2019, the number of elevators in Korea exceeded 700,000, making it the eighth-class elevator powerhouse in the world, but there is a trend of increasing casualties due to accidents and breakdowns. An Seung-gang-gi is a term that encompasses an elevator that moves vertically and an escalator that moves horizontally. It is an important means of transportation for most citizens that are encountered almost every day in daily life, and it is also necessary as a means of transportation that enables the construction of skyscrapers. And it seems that its importance will never diminish in the future. Major elevator failures are the main cause of dispatch when accumulating the number of 119 dispatches, and the frequency of occurrence is high. It's a shame. According to Heinrich's Law, 300 minor signs and danger phenomena precede, 29 minor accidents and 1 major accident. Accidents caused by elevators are increasing every year due to the increase in the number of installations, and the damage is threatening the valuable lives and property of users and workers in related fields due to fatal risks such as death and serious injury. Elevator safety management can achieve its purpose only when it is managed with the usual interests, awareness of safety, and full efforts of the users, workers, and the government concerned. This study was analyzed based on 2019 data notified to the Korea Elevator Safety Agency on major breakdowns improved after the revision of the Elevator Safety Management Act in 2018, and a total of 8,256 data were analyzed using the SPSS 21 version, a statistical analysis tool, to analyze the correlation with technical statistics. Proceeded. Through the analysis, it was possible to obtain preventive safety management data to prevent serious elevator safety accidents from occurring, and to derive meaningful implications that related safety management and maintenance can be effectively operated to prevent serious failures. In addition, through this analysis, we expect the development of related industries and legal and institutional improvement.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.57-72
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• 2008

Serve and do so that graft together specialists' view application field of computer and developmental disability diagnosis estimation data to construct developmental disability diagnosis estimation system in this Paper and constructed developmental disability diagnosis estimation system. Developmental disability diagnosis estimation must supply information of specification area that specialists are having continuously. Developmental disability diagnosis estimation specialist system need multimedia data processing that is specialized little more for developmental disability classification diagnosis and decision-making and is atomized for this. Characteristic of developmental disability diagnosis estimation system that study in this paper can supply quick feedback about result, and can reduce mistake on recording and calculation as well as can shorten examination's enforcement time, and background of training is efficient system fairly in terms of nonprofessional who is not many can use easily. But, as well as when multimedia information that is essential data of system construction for developmental disability diagnosis estimation is having various kinds attribute and a person must achieve description about all developmental disability diagnosis estimation informations, great amount of work done is accompanied, technology about equal data can become different according to management. Because of these problems, applied search technology of contents base (Content-based) that search connection information by contents of edit target data for developmental disability diagnosis estimation data processing multimedia data processing technical development. In the meantime, typical access way for conversation style data processing to support fast image search, after draw special quality of data by N-dimension vector, store to database regarding this as value of N dimension and used data structure of Tree techniques to use index structure that search relevant data based on this costs. But, these are not coincided correctly in purpose of developmental disability diagnosis estimation because is developed focusing in application field that use data of low dimension such as original space DataBase or geography information system. Therefore, studied save structure and index mechanism of new way that support fast search to search bulky good physician data.