• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.21-30
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• 2011

The recycled soil that is proceeded from demolition concrete structures was analyzed by the methods of the physical and mechanical tests of soil and TCLP test to use the soil in low landfilling for the construction of an industrial complex. The laboratory test for diffusion of alkali ion in soil mass was analyzed by the methods of XRF and ICP. The fish toxicity test was also conducted to find an environmental influence. The recycled soil through the laboratory test satisfied the engineering property for low landfilling and the criteria of soil contamination. However, the solution which producted by 1:1 ratio of recycled soil and water contained the high pH concentration by alkali ion. The calcium hydroxide solution by CSH cement paste was estimated as the main reason why pH concentration is increased more than 9.0. The high pH concentration in recycled soils causes a toxicity to the livability of fishes. A diffusion area of pH concentration in the ground was analyzed by the Visual Modflow Ver. 2009 program based on geotechnical investigation. The high pH concentration in the recycled soils can be remained as high value due to cement paste in the long term period. Therefore, in the early stage of landfilling work, the mixing with the weathered granite soil is necessary to control the pH concentration.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.100 no.4
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• pp.708-714
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• 2011

Wood store carbon that the forest absorbed until burned or decomposed over a long period. Such materials are most used in houses except in paper and pulp, and the use of wood in houses play an important role in reducing green-house gases. Therefore, we estimated the amount of carbon stocks in Korean houses, and analyzed how much contribution such stocks offers to green-house gas reduction. As the result, the carbon stocks amount of the wood products in Korean houses was 28.4 million $tCO_2$, which is 4.6% of the total annual green-house gas emission in Korea (620 million $tCO_2$ e), and 77.4% of forest sinks (LULUCF). Even though few wooden houses which use most wood in housing exist in Korea, the carbon stocks of wood products in houses in 2010 increased to 4.1 times that in 1975 (21.4 million $tCO_2$) because the carbon stocks increased due to apartment construction, which hit its stride from the last 1980's.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.35
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• pp.359-385
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• 2009

The study aims to investige how Soupjin, military training has been changed in early Joseon Dynasty. The conclusions are following these. First, Jin means military marching or attacking the enemy and Jinbeop means how to make Jin or traning but now Jinbeop indicates textbook of Jinbeop rather than practing it. Second, publishing Owijinbeop is completed as a result of continuous series of Jinbeop textbook and Owi systems are built up by military construction reorganization. Third, the total number of articles is 268 from Taejo to Seonjo in early Joseon Dynasty. They are divided into different parts according to kings. Forth, Taejo, Taejong, Munjong, Sejo, Yejong and Jungjong are the kings who take the lead of Jinbeop training directly. Among them Munjong and Sejo are highly considered that they edited and revised Sinjinbeop and tried to unify military organization. Besides Jungjong discussed Jinbeop textbooks which are published by prior kings and even make them be practiced. But after Imjinwaeran, Seonjo accepted the book Gihyosinseo by Cheokgyegwang in China and transformed our Jinbeop for protecting the country. Firth, We found that Hyangmyung and Jintoigyjak had been focused from Sejo to Jungjong. Because in this period Joseon had to find the way to protect the country from north Yeojin, But after Imjinwaeran Seonjo introduced Cheokgyegwang's Jeolgangjinbeop in China because of Japanese attacks.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.35-44
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• 2021

This research studies the stabilization method for improved soil sloped through the on-site application of Paper Flyash ground stabilizers. The target strength required for improved soil is 500 kPa, and the compressive strength for the slope surface needs to be less than 1,000 kPa after the improvement in order to plant vegetation. To meet this condition, we mixed soil from the site and the ground stabilization material, which is the main material for surface improvement material, performed mixing design and conducted various tests including strength test, permeability test and plantation test. After analyzing the results of the compression test on improved soil slope, we proposed soil constants for the improved soil. In order to evaluate the applicability of the improved soil on the slope, the site construction was carried out on the collapsed slope and the reinforcement evaluation of the surface of the improvement soil was conducted. The stability was not secured before the reinforcement, but the test shows after the reinforcement with improved soil, the safety rate is secured up to 48 hours during the raining period. In addition, the compressive strength of the improved soil at the site was secured at more than 200 kPa adhesion as planned, and the soil hardness test result was also found to be within the specified value of 18-23 mm, which increased the resistance to rainfall and ability to grow plant on the surface for improved soil.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.200-210
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• 2020

The maintenance of educational facilities was assembled in 12 project classifications of the Educational Improvement Program. The priorities were decided by the evaluation scores derived from the condition investigation, and maintenance works were budgeted in the order of priorities. These priorities were a schedule for conducting maintenance and an important criterion for obtaining a construction order. Several restrictions in the condition investigation exist, which derives budgets and conducts maintenance separately based on the priorities. An educational facility manager has a restriction in quantity take-off, which results in an incorrect budget. Discomfort would occur in an educational environment, and a period of infringing safety would increase. This study proposes applying a BIM in the condition investigation and the planning framework for work-type packaging. A BIM supports a budget calculation and derives evaluation scores by linking a repair and an inspection result. The work-type packaging algorithm divides a budget allocation range and derives the result of a grouped work-types applied in an equivalent space and element. As a result of applying cases, it could shorten the duration by approximately 37.4%. Its usability in selecting a grouped work-type was evaluated through an assessment with workers.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.77-86
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• 2022

The Republic of Korea is a country in which coastal surveillance is an imperative national task as it is surrounded by seas on three sides under the confrontation between South and North Korea. However, due to Defense Reform 2.0, the number of R/D (Radar) operating personnel has decreased, and the period of service has also been shortened. Moreover, there is always a possibility that a human error will occur. This paper presents specific guidelines for developing an AI learning model for the intelligent coastal surveillance system. We present a three-step strategy to realize the guidelines. The first stage is a typical stage of building an AI learning model, including data collection, storage, filtering, purification, and data transformation. In the second stage, R/D signal analysis is first performed. Subsequently, AI learning model development for classifying real and false images, coastal area analysis, and vulnerable area/time analysis are performed. In the final stage, validation, visualization, and demonstration of the AI learning model are performed. Through this research, the first achievement of making the existing weapon system intelligent by applying the application of AI technology was achieved.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.10-18
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• 2022

Purpose: For smooth performance of flood analysis due to heavy rain disasters at energy storage facilities in the Incheon area, field surveys, observational surveys, and pre-established reports and drawings were analyzed. Through the field survey, the characteristics of pipelines and rivers that have not been identified so far were investigated, and based on this, the input data of the SWMM model selected for inundation analysis was constructed. Method: In order to determine the critical duration through the probability flood analysis according to the calculation of the probability rainfall intensity by recurrence period and duration, it is necessary to calculate the probability rainfall intensity for an arbitrary duration by frequency, so the research results of the Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs were utilized. Result: Based on this, the probability of rainfall by frequency and duration was extracted, the critical duration was determined through flood analysis, and the rainfall amount suggested in the disaster prevention performance target was applied to enable site safety review. Conclusion: The critical duration of the base was found to be a relatively short duration of 30 minutes due to the very gentle slope of the watershed. In general, if the critical duration is less than 30 minutes, even if flooding occurs, the scale of inundation is not large.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.27-38
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• 2021

Non-Contact society has arrived due to social distinctions by COVID 19 pandemic. The arrival of the era of non-contact is having a profound impact on educational activities as well as on our social and economic lives. In response to the pandemic situation universities and all other educational institutions have implemented non-contact online classes. In particular arts physical educations and other practical classes are experiencing many difficulties due to the limited environment caused by social distancing from COVID 19 pandemic. Vocal classes are undergoing a transition mainly from 1:1 individual face-to-face lessons or group teaching methods to the non-contact era of online teaching or lesson methods. It is necessary to look at the direction of non-face-to-face practical classes in preparation for accelerated educational innovation. Edu-tech, which innovates technology in the wake of the age of non-contact after COVID 19 pandemic is expected to begin in earnest at school sites in Korea which have remained in the traditional way of education. The purpose of this study is to effectively non-contact vocal instructional methods by cogitating the current state of higher practical education and vocal classes in Korea. In addition, This study conducted two components of satisfied instructions such as 'Priorlearning of monitoring of recorded singing', and 'Immediate analyzing of various vocal contents and supplementary lessons of music theory' with a research on the peos and cons of non-face-to-face vocal class. Over a period of time, The effective non-contact of vocal instructional methods is in need to supplement non-face-to-face vocal class problems and further research and system construction with non-face-to-face vocal class's pros and cons to construct high-quality lecture contents is warranted.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.265-290
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• 2022

An economic evaluation was conducted using cost-benefit analysis for an integrated service platform of open access research articles. The data needed for benefit measurement were collected by conducting a series of surveys to service beneficiaries, including 1,313 academic researchers, 49 bio-industry researchers, and 102 researchers in various industries. Cost-benefit analysis and sensitivity analysis were conducted after estimating the total costs for system construction and operations, anticipated direct and indirect benefits. With respect to the cost-benefit analysis limited to direct benefits, the estimated benefit was KRW 82 billion, which is about 14 times of the total costs for eight years of the entire business period. With respect to the cost-benefit analysis for both direct and indirect benefits, BCR was estimated to be about 98.9 and NPV to be KRW 538.8 billion, indicating that economic feasibility of the project was sufficiently secured. The results of this analysis may help securing the investment to the integrated service platform for OA research products, and the benefit estimation model developed in this study would be utilized as an assessment tool during the rest of this project.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.494-504
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• 2020

Ten historic sites (denoted as A- J in this study) of a tomb were found during the construction of the east-west expressway in District 2 of Hyangnam, Hwaseong, which is implemented by the Gyeonggi-do headquarters of the Korea Land & Housing Corporation. Thetombswere first detected at siteH, and further investigations revealed various tombs from the Three Kingdoms period; artifacts such as gilt-bronze shoes and caps were excavated from wooden coffins in the tombs. The pottery examined in this study was the only pottery artifact excavated from the site. Its raw clay was soft and loose, reddish brown, and had quartz and feldspar particles of < 1 mm, which appeared to have been added as reinforcing agents. The firing temperature of the pottery was estimated to be under 800-870 ℃ as the mica remains and tridimite, which is the phase transition mineral of quartz, was not produced; a slight endothermic peak was also detected because of the hydration of sericite at 800 ℃. The condition of the artifact was severely weakened because of various factors, such as soil pressure from the stratum formed over the site and repeated freezing and thawing. The artifact could not be collected alone, and thus, surrounding soil that had attached to the artifact was also collected; the artifact was transported to the laboratory and conservation treatment was conducted in a safe and systematic manner.