• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
• /
• v.20 no.5
• /
• pp.89-95
• /
• 2016

Keeping the gas pipelines in the common utility tunnel is useful because it has a lower risk of corrosion than conventional burial, and can prevent from excavating construction. But, explosions in common utility tunnels can cause greater damage from the blast overpressure compared to outdoor explosions, due to nature of the confined environment. Despite this fact, however, research on common utility tunnels has been limited to fire hazard and little has been studied on the dangers of explosions. This study developed scenarios of methane gas explosion caused by gas leak from gas piping within the common utility tunnel followed by unknown ignition; the study then calculated the extent of the impact of the explosion on the facilities above, and suggested the needs for designing additional safety measures. Two scenarios were selected per operating condition of safety devices and the consequence analysis was carried out with FLACS, one of the CFD tools for explosion simulation. The overpressures for all scenarios are substantial enough to completely destroy most of the buildings. In addition, we have provided additional measures to secure safety especially reducing incident frequency.

• Journal of Urban Science
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.29-34
• /
• 2017

Although the supply of public parking lots in major cities is steadily increasing, there is still a shortage of parking spaces that take into account the characteristics of actual available parking spaces. These parking problems are caused by conflicts between users, illegal occupation and privatization of roads, interference with traffic roads, and business stagnation in commercial areas and illegal parking problems. In addition, despite various parking demand management policies and continuous supply of public parking facilities, the solution to the parking problem is uneasy due to increased construction costs and changes in social conditions. In order to solve this problem, it was judged that it would be necessary to utilize the existing public parking lots efficiently. Therefore, we collect the variables expected to affect the turnover, and use multiple regression models. The results are summarized as follows. Firstly, public parking lots can be classified into four types using utilization rate and turnover rate. Secondly, influencing factors are found including index of public transportation usage convenience, index of illegal parking, and land use characteristics in central commercial district. Thirdly, it was shown that there was little impact by the size of public parking lots, separation distance to subway distance, separation distance to bus stops, transfer zone, residential zone, and second-rated lots by parking costs. Finally, it is found that public parking lots can be improved by proving accessibility of public transit, enforcement of illegal parking, active approaches supporting public parking lots. It is also recommended that public parking cost rating system based mainly on land use characteristics should be remedied and rearranged.

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• v.15 no.6
• /
• pp.19-26
• /
• 2015

Purpose: The repair would require to conserve and improve the building function and performance since built. Each household is responsible for maintaining the public facilities and paying the required cost. Therefore, it needs to get the tool or method to forecast the required cost in the future. Before the repair cost is provided, it needs to catch the repair cost distribution and provide the unit cost for the repair cycle. In this study, it aimed at providing the repair cost unit and analyzing the repair cost distribution in a roof proofing work, elevator work and building painting, which are divided into a fully work and partly change. Results of this study are shown that first, the average repair cost for roof proofing work is provided with $166.59{\times}10^3won/household$ and $1.59{\times}10^3won/m^2$ of a full change, $33.22{\times}10^3won/household$ and $0.33{\times}10^3won/m^2$ for a partly work. In addition, elevator work is $557.45{\times}10^3won/household$ and $5.38{\times}10^3won/m^2$ for a full change, $32.92{\times}10^3won/household$ and $0.56{\times}10^3won/m^2$ for a partly repair. Painting has a $304.48{\times}10^3won/household$ and $2.94{\times}10^3won/m^2$. Second, the distribution pattern of repair unit cost has a weibull-typed distribution which has a long tail to the right.

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• v.15 no.6
• /
• pp.27-36
• /
• 2015

Purpose: The definition and factors of passive design being the sustainable method of building plan through the preceding research is deducted and the effect of passive design within the public library by applying the deducted factors in the case of built public libraries and further the realization plan of green library aimed to be reviewed in this research. Method: This study is to induce common elements of architecture plan for public library and passive design, and assess application level of re-classified elements of sustainable public library in order to analyze present condition of passive design applied on facilities of public library. First, related laws and planning standards of public library will be reviewed, then the definition of passive design will be considered using advanced research. Through advanced research related to planing elements and passive design for library induced from various plans for library standards, a common ground of induced passive design element will be transformed into assessment items and practices to be analyzed. Result: Libraries which are and are not preliminarily certified by G-SEED will be compared with each other in order to analyze the effects of passive design on G-SEED. Even though various passive elements such as load reduction of air conditioning and energy efficiency exist, there are no assessment tool within G-SEED. The fact that there are only standards for temporary methods such as utilization of construction material and installation of equipment highlights the challenges in quantitative evaluation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.44-51
• /
• 2002

The objective of this project is to improve the environment of the estuary dike on the Youngsan-River through Re-landscaping. An estuary dike of the Youngsan-River, the largest in the Orient, was constructed in 1981 and connects Mokpo City and Youngam-Gun province. Twenty years ago, when this dike was completed, this place was one of the famous tourist attractions of Korea. It symbolized the development and growth of Korea. But this dike at present is only a dreary sight as a huge concrete construction element. Therefore, a wall painting on the estuary dike was planned to improve this image. The site, an estuary dike of the Youngsan-River, is located in Mokpo City and its length is about 1,360m. The planning focus of this re-landscaping, which is a proposed improvement design through the analysis of characteristics and problems in conventional facilities, is as follows: (1) Introduction of a wall painting that is a symbol of the sea and river (by the creation of an illusion), (2) Production of the wall painting which is under consideration to create a friendly atmosphere of the circumference view and (3) Preparation of a design to establish an approach to the waterfront. By following these steps, an estuary dike can function as a tourist attractions and can be transformed in to cultural space for civilian. This project is good example of environment design that is completed with the regional residents participation through community input in the planning and initiation of a wall painting. The concept of environment design which involves the residents participation and re-landscaping in Korea has not been established up to now on. However, as this projects has proven, consideration for regional residents is a very important factor for the administrative office and planing specialist to address. In the future, it will have a direct influence on the development of design planning. If the establishment of space that can be accepted by residents with love, affection and self-confidence is possible, environment design in which residents participate actively, can be realized.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
• /
• v.23 no.8 s.86
• /
• pp.139-145
• /
• 2005

`Influence Area` means the area that the traffic flow pattern of which is changed remarkably after the construction of highway facilities. The Influence area would be a significant criteria for demand forecasting and economic analysis. However existing methods for defining influence area such as O/D method, traffic volume variation method and rate of traffic volume variation method have no standard criteria. In this paper, some problems which existing methods have are analyzed and a new method travel time method - is introduced. Influence area can be induced as the area where the vehicles reach from starting traffic zone to ending zone to which 95 percentile vehicles want to travel. In addition, the value of standard criteria for defining influence ayes are induced via this method.

• Water for future
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.55-62
• /
• 1980

It is very important thing that the high tide prediction along the sea-side before the typhoon landing. In Korea, every year somewhere of the near sea-shore has been suffered much damages by the high tide during typhoon season, and the governement has to spend much of the reserved budget to rescue and reconstruction the damaged facilities in the seas-shore area. In this point of view, as none of the high tide prediction program in Korea, the author aims to develope this kind of study, so that this application program may dedicate the concerned organizations such as Ministry of Construction, Commerce and Industry, and Agriculture Forestry and Fishery, etc. Due to developed the software of high speed electronic computer in recently, the complicated numerical analysis can be solve very conviniently. So the author tries to prepare the high tide predecation program using the equation of motion and continous in the fluide dynamics by the constant time and distance of the differentation method. The input data for this program are the weather chart and depth data of the mattered bay, inner-sea or outer-sea. This program has been applied on the Pohan inner harbor as a model and find ort the program computation results is coincide with the observed values of "FRAN" typhoon in 1976 at the Pohang harbor.ng harbor.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.46-65
• /
• 2004

The study was designed to investigate what effect of working time reduction which will be gradually expanded to corporate size from June, 2004 could give to medical industries, and to provide basic information for hospitals and government to prepare the policy. 276 hospitals were surveyed about medical service income and manpower realities during the first half of 2003, using a structured survey tool. Response rate was 8% and 20 hospitals were finally analyzed. The effect of working time reduction in hospital management was different to the size of hospitals and the alternative. Income to existing service income was decreased by $2.2{\sim}4.6%$ in tertiary hospitals, by $3.2{\sim}5.7%$ in general hospitals with more than 300 beds, and by $3.7{\sim}6.0%$ in general hospitals with less than 300 beds. In preparation against such decrease in income, government is required to raise insurance payment, to calculate added service charge for day-off on Saturday forenoon, to retain emergency care payment, to expand emergency care facilities, to secure duty doctors, and to support middle and small sized hospitals. Hospitals are required to give self improving efforts such as fortifying of weekday care, development of weekend care program, strengthening of care capacity and function of emergency care center, and making manpower operation efficient.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.23 no.5 s.77
• /
• pp.27-38
• /
• 2005

There have been many requests for development of senior housing in Korea. Therefore it was very important to review how senior houses are established and managed in other countries. In this point, this research compared the actual conditions of the homes for the elderly in the U.K, U.S.A and Japan. Through the process, this research aimed to find the implications for Korea. The research was conducted by the literature review on senior congregate housing with Franklin's(1998) social constructionism perspective. This kind of research might be utilized as a theoretical framework for performance of any systems of housing for the aged. In this study, the researchers suggested the implications of senior congregate housing as follows. Firstly, in terms of structural context, government in the U.K, U.S.A., and Japan were positively concerned with solving the housing problems for senior citizens despite some differences. Secondly, from an institutional context, institutions related with provision, construction, and management of senior congregate housing were systematically consolidated and they all adapted the housing and welfare policy. Thirdly, in organizational context, there was an organization in charge of provision and management that exclusively oversaw the housing for the elderly in both the public and private sectors. Fourthly, in operational context, standards regarding space were clearly set both for individual units and common spaces as well as for facilities and services for the residents. Finally in terms of intersubjective context, the competency of housing manager and ways to involve the families which were important for residents' independent life were under study.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Health Science
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.126-132
• /
• 2014

Purpose. Because traditional statistics approach had limitations in learning future forecasting and major factors causing occupational injuries in each industry, this paper develops a model forecasting and evaluating occupational injury rate by using a system dynamics model through the analysis of the industry injury statistics and the project for industry injury prevention. Method. The model of this paper consists of 12 total models such as a model of employees, of industrial disaster victims, of injury rate, etc.; In the analysis of firm size, it is classified and developed according to 12 groups on the basis of the number of employees, and in the analysis of industrial classification, it is done according to 10 total business fields such as manufacturing business, construction one, etc. Results. This paper suggests the methodology which forecasts industry injury rate by business field and size on the basis of developed model, and evaluates an industry injury prevention project from various angles. Conclusions. This paper deduced problem through the analysis of an industry injury by business fields and a comparative analysis of foreign cases, and analyzed to affect industry injury prevention by industry. And it also analyzed actual condition of industry injury, and did a difference in the level of safety consciousness according to the general characteristics of workers and occupational safety and health education related characteristics. In result, this paper suggests that analyzing occupational injury related factors, a safety budgetary allocation, and industry injury related factors can reduce illness costs such as employees' injury and medical care, and also assist cost for a disability.