• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.531-536
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• 2004

In-arm type hydropeumatic suspension unit(ISU) is an equipment of armed tracked vehicle to absorb impact load and vibration from the irregular ground. During the operation of ISU, main piston moves forward and backward and oil flowing through damper transmits the external impact load to floating piston. Heat is generated in ISU by the oil pressure drop through the damper orifice and the friction between cylinder wall and two pistons. On the other hand, internal heat dissipatis outside via heat convection. Occurrence of high temperature can deteriorate durability of major components and basic function of ISU. And, it can cause fatal problem in the ISU life time and the sealing performance of piston rings. As well, the spring constant change of nitrogen gas that is caused by the temperature rise exerts the negative effect to the vehicle stability. Therefore, in this paper, we analyze the heat transfer analysis of the entire ISU unit, by finite element method, with the outside flow velocities 8m/s and 10m/s.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.173-180
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• 1979

Temperature distriburion in a hollow chlinder has been analyzed mathematically. Unsteady condition considered assumed a constant heat flux input from the inside. The results are compared with experimental results of surface temperature rise of a gun barrel during continuous firing. Their agreements are acceptable. Effects of various dimensionless parameters on the surface temperature rise are discussed. For small Biot numbers, the external survface temperature approaches more rapidly to the steady temperature. Temperature difference between internal and external surfaces becomes greater for small Biot number. Steady solution assumed that the gas temperature inside the cylinder varies periodically. Relative amplitude and phase angles between the gas temperature and the internal or external surface temperature are obtained. Phase angles become smaller for large radiancy of gas temperature variation, small external Biot number, or large internal biot number. Relative amplitudes become samller as radiancy of gas temperature variation and internal Biot number become smaller. or external Biot number becomes larger. The solution obtained in this paper can be applied to gun barrels, heat pipes used in heat excangers, and reciprocation engines.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제19권7호
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• pp.1675-1683
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• 1995

A numerical study of the fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics of the two-dimensional impingement jet with a confinement plate has been carried out. The fluid flow was calculated by solving the full Navier-Stokes equation. In doing that, the well known SIMPLER algorithm was used and the trouble making convection term was discretized according to QUICKER scheme. The energy equation was simply solved by using the SOR method. For the Reynolds number of 10000, two channel heights, say 1.5 and 3.0 times the jet exit width, and two thermal boundary conditions constant wall temperature and constant wall heat flux were considered. Discrete heat sources were flush mounted along the impingement plate at a distance of 0, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 12, times the jet exit width from the stagnation point. The length of each heat source is 4 times the jet exit width long. The Nusselt number averaged over each heat source was compared with experiment. Comparison shows that both calculations and experiment have the secondary peak of Nusselt number at downstream of stagnation point, even though there is a little quantitative difference in between. The difference is believed due to abscure thermal boundary condition in experiment and also accuracy of turbulence model used. The secondary peak is shown to be caused by rigorous turbulent flow motion generated as the wall jet flow is retarded and developes into the channel flow without flow reversal.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제39권12호
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• pp.953-963
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• 2015

산업적으로 얇은 사각유로에서의 임계열유속을 포함한 열수력 현상을 이해하고 이를 시스템 설계에 반영해야 될 필요성이 증대되고 있다. 포화비등조건에서 임계열유속이 발생하는 주요기구는 일반적으로 환상유동 영역에서 액막이 건조되는 것이다. 이러한 임계열유속을 예측하기 위하여 원형관에 대한 대표적인 액막건조모델을 고찰하고 환상유동 시작 경계조건을 상수로 가정하는 기존 모델의 한계를 살펴보았다. 균일한 열유속으로 가열되는 얇은 수직사각유로 상향유동에서의 임계열유속을 예측하기 위하여 환상유동을 단순 모델링하고, 새로운 액막건조모델을 적용하였다. 284 개 실험데이타에 대한 예측성능을 확인한 결과 MAE 18.1%, RMSE 22.9% 예측오차로 실험데이타를 잘 예측할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.50-60
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• 1998

As a method to develop an enhanced heat transfer fluid, the fine particles of a phase-change material were mixed with a conventional heat transfer fluid. Paraffin, which can be obtained easily in domestic market, was used for the phase-change material and water was used as a carrier fluid. Fine liquid particles of paraffin were formed in water as an emulsion by using an emulsifier, and they were cooled rapidly to become solid particle, resulting in paraffin slurry. The average diameter of produced solid particles was inversely proportional to the amount of the added emulsifier, which was theoretically proved. The produced paraffin slurry was tested thermally in heat transfer test section having a constant-heat-flux boundary condition. The test section was made of a circular stainless-steel pipe, which was directly heated by the power supply having a maximum of 50 Volts-500 Amperes. DSC(Differential scanning calorimeter) tests showed that two kinds of phase change were involved in the melting of paraffin, and it was explained in two different ways. A five- region-melting model was developed by extending the conventional three-region-melting model, and was used to obtain the local bulk mean temperatures of paraffin slurry in the heating test section. The local heat transfer coefficient showed a maximum where the bulk mean temperature of the paraffin slurry reached at the melting temperature of paraffin.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.169-174
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• 2015

This paper addresses experimental methodologies to measure the temperature-dependent thermal conductivity of the insulation materials popularly used for LNG cargo containment systems. The measurement techniques considered in this paper are the guarded hot plate (GHP) method and heat flow method (HFM). The former is based on the power supplied to the hot plate to keep the temperature constant, and the latter is based on a direct heat flux measurement. In order to improve the accuracy of the HFM, the thermal conductivity obtained by GHP was cross-compared with the HFM results, and a calibration factor was derived. It was found that the thermal conductivities measured by the two methods corresponded well under room temperature, but the deviation tended to slightly increase as the temperature decreased. Because of the easy installation and operability of HFM, it can be used to measure thermal conductivity in a large scale mock-up test or unit insulation panel test, where the GHP method is difficult to apply.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.928-938
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• 1997

The end winding is an important part in induction motor for thermal analysis. But there is little information on the heat transfer coefficient of that surfaces because of geometrical complexity. So our experimental object is to know the heat transfer coefficient of end winding and find the optimum design parameter of rotor fan. Carbon coated papers were used for a uniform heat generating surfaces which were easy to fabricate. The experiments of some parameters were performed as varying rotation speed of rotor fan. We obtained the local and average Nusselt number of the end winding surfaces by correcting radiation and conduction losses errors. The results showed that the average Nusselt number increased with rotor fan blade number and width but decreased with end winding length. However, the increasing limits existed in the case of rotor fan width and blade number. So optimum design value were obtained for rotor fan width and blade numbers.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.244-251
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• 2009

Porous media have especially large surface area per volume, which contain complex fluid passage. If porous media can be applied to cool a CPU or an electronic device with large heat dissipation, it could result in heat transfer enhancement due to the enlargement of the heat transfer area and the flow disturbance. This study is aimed to identify the heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics of high-porosity metal foams in a horizontal channel. Experiment is performed with the various heat flux, velocity and pore density conditions. Permeabilities, which is deduced from Non-Darcy flow model, become lower with increasing pore density. Nusselt number also decreases with higher pore density. High pore density with same porosity case shows higher pressure loss due to the increase of surface area per unit volume. The fiction factor decreases rapidly with increase of Reynolds number in Darcy flow region. However, it converges to a constant value of the Ergun coefficient in Non-Darcy flow region.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제24권9호
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• pp.1277-1284
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• 2000

To enhance heat transfer characteristics of water, micro-encapsulated octadecane of about $10{\mu}m$ diameter was added to water. Viscosity of the slurry was measured by using a capillary tube viscometer. The measured viscosity decreased as the temperature of the slurry increased, and it increased as the fraction of the capsules in the slurry increased. Thermal characteristics of the octadecane were studied by using a differential scanning calorimeter. The melting temperature and the melting energy of the octadecane were found to be $28.6^{\circ}$ and 34.4kcal/kg, respectively. The convective heat transfer characteristics of the slurry were investigated in a flow loop with a constant heat flux test section. Friction factor of the slurry flow was found to be similar to the expected curve by Petukhov. The Nusselt number of the slurry flow was highest when the octadecane melted. Effective thermal capacity of the 14.2% slurry was found to have 1.67 times of the thermal capacity of water.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.105-109
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• 1987

본 연구는 열교환기의 설치 및 사용목적에 따라 전열관내유동이 경사류가 될 때 특히 자연순환(2*$10^{6}$＜Gr＜15*$10^{6}$)의 경우와 강제순환(3,000＜Re＜ 40,000)의 경우에 대해서 열전달특성과 유동마찰에 의한 손질을 규명하는데 있다. 사용되는 관은 평골관과 ribbed관이며 관경사각을 수평면에 대하여 0˚,22.5˚,45˚, 90˚로 변화시켰다.