• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.833-855
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• 2017

This study aims to reinvestigate the reason for introducing radian as a new unit to express the size of angles, what is the meaning of radian measures to use arc lengths as angle measures, and why is the domain of trigonometric functions expanded to real numbers for expressing general angles. For this purpose, it was conducted historical, mathematical and applied mathematical analyzes in order to research at multidisciplinary analysis of the radian concept. As a result, the following were revealed. First, radian measure is intrinsic essence in angle measure. The radian is itself, and theoretical absolute unit. The radian makes trigonometric functions as real functions. Second, radians should be aware of invariance through covariance of ratios and proportions in concentric circles. The orthogonality between cosine and sine gives a crucial inevitability to the radian. It should be aware that radian is the simplest standards for measuring the length of arcs by the length of radius. It can find the connection with sexadecimal method using the division strategy. Third, I revealed the necessity by distinction between angle and angle measure. It needs justification for omission of radians and multiplication relationship strategy between arc and radius. The didactical suggestions derived by these can reveal the usefulness and value of the radian concept and can contribute to the substantive teaching of radian measure.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.341-371
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• 2017

Recently, the web service environment has changed from document-centered to data-oriented focus, and the Linked Open Data (LOD) exists at the core of the new environment. Specific procedures and methods were examined to build the LOD of records information in accordance with this trend. With the service sustainability of small-scale archive in consideration, an exemplification on LOD building process by utilizing open source software was developed in this paper. To this end, a 5-step service framework for LOD construction was proposed and applied to a collection of diary records from 'Human and Memory Archive'. Proof of Concept (POC) utilizing open source softwares, Protege and Apache Jena Fuseki, was conducted according to the proposed 5 step framework. After establishing the LOD of record information by utilizing the open source software, the connection with external LOD through interlinking and SPARQL search has been successfully performed. In addition, archives' considerations for LOD construction, including improvement on the quality of content information, the role of the archivist, were suggested based on the understanding obtained through the LOD construction process of records information.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.149-169
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• 2009

Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control(IPPC) has become an idealistic environmental prevention concept in developed countries and corresponds with principles of Industrial Ecology. The concept of emissions regulatory integration is a key factor for an integrated environmental management system. While most EU member countries have a cross-media regulatory system, Korea has a media-specific regulatory system which was found to have significant environmental management problems. The purpose of this study is to integrate the emissions regulatory system by resolving difficulties through procedural, organizational, and substantive analysis of integration. To this end, the following research was performed: The first task was to determine the target of the integrated emissions regulatory system. In connection with this, the "IPPC directive" of the EU and the "PPCA 2000" schedule 1 of the UK, as well as environmental laws in Korea were compared and analyzed. The second was to design a regulatory system model. This model was divided into three groups after considerations were made regarding the time it would take for the pre-application,application, and permission stages. Lastly, on the basis of this research, a revised bill for an integrated emissions regulatory system was suggested. Nevertheless, substantive analysis of integration focused on BAT requires supplementation in order to make the integrated emissions regulation system operate normally as an environmental management policy and regulation method. To this end, the specific characteristics of Korean society, culture, and law should be actively considered.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.163-174
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• 2008

In this study, we compared textbook knowledge organization with students' mental models to contribute to a more well-designed instruction scheme. The selected science content was the cause of moon phases. We investigated 9 textbooks and 25 third-year middle school students. Patterns and features in participants' mental models were identified through cross inter-rater data analysis by 9 researchers, including in service teachers and experts in science education. According to the results, observing and modeling are the main activities engaged in when dealing with moon phases. The activities consisted of such concepts as: lunar revolution, the sun's parallel rays, the illuminated half of moon, and the relative positions of the sun, moon, and earth. Each concept involved inquiry skills such as: creating and manipulating models, utilizing the relationship between time and space, and communicating. However, the most important skills which are required for authentic scientific inquiry, namely controlling variables and formulating hypotheses, were missing. We categorized students' mental models into three types: scientific models, mixed models, and alternative models. The knowledge structure of each of the models was also discussed in this paper. Consequently, it was found that, typically, students were not given enough opportunities to strengthen the connection among ideas.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.31-42
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is research on the characteristics of post-modernism expressed on western hair styles in the late 20th century. Therefore this thesis analyzed the relationship of modernism & the hair styles of that mage and post-modernism & the hair styles of that mage. That will re-illuminate the same beauty worth of same age as to accurate the concept of post-modernism & the hair styles of that mage. And the last, criticizing the post-modernism design and that hair design, helping to find new trends. The method of this study was the literature research & analysis of visual materials focus on upper bust image that can know the relationship of modernism & the hair styles of that mage, and post-modernism & the hair styles of that mage. First, the literature research is composed of analysis of theses, magazines on art, clothing and cosmetology having the contents of 20th century western culture, art and hair styles. Second, the analysis of visual materials is composed of analysis of video films, slide films and photographs of books, magazines, and internet home-pages. Modern western hair styles, appeared after 1910's, is represented as a short cut & permanent wave. That express experimentalism, functionalism, and purism, that is same as the other art's trend of same age. Post-modern western hair styles, appeared after 1960's, also show the same trend with same age's. This summarized & characterized 8 categories; historical method, pluralism, negotiation, escape from the formality, recovery of humanity, ornament, connection with race, metaphor & symbolism. But post-modernism concentrating pluralism makes easy making low quality art and absence of criticism, so this thesis criticised it 5 categories; absence of ideas, absence of the social sense of responsibility, lost of one's characteristics, decline of skills, decline of worth of usages.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2005

In Chinese philosophy, the concept of Yin and Yang, in the era of the Early China, applies to many more philosophical categories than merely the relationship between the sunny side and the shady side of the sun. A whole series of possible interactions between the Yin and Yang in life is contained in the Chinese Book of Changes, the I Ching. The philosophical theory and the origin of natural sciences of the I Ching is imbued in the Nei Ching. having absorbed and developed the essence of Book of Changes, the Nei Ching reflects the spirit of science. Under the influence of Book of Changes, as well as its idea of Yin and Yang, peculiar at the time, the Nei Ching adapts the essences of the theory of Yin and Yang. The contribution made by the Nei Ching to the development of the philosophical concepts of Yin and Yang lies in that it combines those philosophical concepts with medicine and makes this the basic theory of Chinese medicine. In the Nei Ching, the Yin and Yang theory asserts that the human body is an organic whole, and there exists an organic connection between all tissues and structures. Therefore, the Yin and Yang functions as an essential life that plays a major role of the organic interrelation, the mutual control, and the mutual assistance. Yet, at the same time, each of them can be divided into the opposite aspects of yin and yang. Yin and yang depend on each other for existence. Without yin, there would be no yang, Without yang, there would be no yin. Neither can exist in isolation. Thus the interrelation of Yin and Yang is premised on the two opposite forces and aspects as the underlying cause of all change of Yin and Yang.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.320-330
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• 1999

Nursing, a behavior of caring, means a connection of patients and clients has done through the caring of clients. Nurses are always with patients. In fact, caring is very important and the core of nursing, the true meaning of caring was embedded in our custom and consciousness before the approach of academic research. As a result, the existence of caring has not seen and revealed. Therefore, there is a need to study and confirm that caring has been placed in nursing and, nurses are doing caring in practice. The purpose of this study is to present the basis of nursing theory and practice through careful analysis of presence being, an aspect of caring. The presence of nurse shows a personal and healing relationship between nurses and patients on the basis of the respect for the humanity, Also, the role of nurses is to help a patient to integrate one's physical, mental and spritual aspects. Thanks to role of nurse, the pratical nursing has the characteristic of art and becomes more aesthetic and artistic. As we have seen above, we define 'presence' as 'being there' and 'being with' a patient for the purpose of meeting the health care needs. The attributes for which presence would be most appropriate would include the following : (1) being with and being together (2) take attention (3) mutual openness (4) experience an empathy (5) have an intention (6) therapeutic interaction process A caring situation as a necessary condition must be presupposed and the factors in that situation are the nurse's intense attention to the patient and a humanistic philosophy of the institutions of the patient. In any nursing intervention skill, there is listening, touching, giving hope, reassurancing, comforting and so on ; as a result, some positive effects can be expected between nurse and patient.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.26-43
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• 2010

The inflow of digital technology into the art, especially in the Fashion Illustration since 1990, makes the new aesthetics of the beginning of the 21 century which the Software aesthetics can be called. The meeting of technology and the art make us recall a great scientist and artist, Leonardo da Vinci in the Renaissance that the notion of the art and skill was unified, same as the ancient history. This study is purposed to expand the concept of the art for the broad exchange of the digital technology and art and for the extensive expression method of the modern fashion illustration. Having views on science theory of the beginning of the 20 century, Theory of Relativity which had given a lot of influence in the philosophy, the litterature and the art, as well as all the science, it makes a connection with the history of art in the beginning of the 20 century and the story of the digital art in the beginning of the 21 century. Firstly, the Fauvism and 2D is based on the expression of the glowing and bright color by the Principle of constancy of light velocity. Secondly, the Cubism and 3D is associated with the Special theory of relativity in the cyberspace which the space and the time are totally accorded. Thirdly, the Futurism and 4D is compared with the General theory of relativity which contains the material and the gravity. They are gradually evolved into the Interactive art and the Kinetic art by the digital technology in the profound cyberspace.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.1030-1033
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• 2007

Following conclusions about Taeyang meridian and Taeyang type were obtained through studies with reference to the books of ${\ll}$Donguibogam${\gg}$, ${\ll}$Hwangjaenaegyung${\gg}$, and ${\ll}$Special Lectures of Master Jisan on Medical cases${\gg}$ . Park noticed that there was difference in the development of 12 meridians among the individuals and tried to apply it in the diagnosis and the treatment of the disease, thereby creating the theory of the six meridian types. The literal basis is assumed to a phrase in ${\ll}$YoungChu GyungMaek${\gg}$ , ‘人經不同 絡脈異所別也’. Taeyang meridian runs through the back of the human body. The concept of TaeYang includes surface, starting point, diffusion of Yang Gi, and emission. Small intestine meridian of hand Taeyang manages the liquid and Bladder meridian of foot Taeyang manages the muscle. There is much flow of blood and less of Gi in Taeyang meridian which makes the connection to hair, flesh, liquid, muscle and vessel. Taeyang conceals and condenses objects because it belongs to Hansu according to division of Six atmospheric influences and to the winter. The articulation is stiff and urination and elimination are abnormal when disease occurs in this meridian. The pathology of Taeyang meridian would be the invasion of outer filthy Gi affecting the Bladder meridian of foot Taeyang which then again makes Kidney meridian of foot Soeum sick. The two meridians compose the outer part and the inner part of th body. The bladder itself becomes sick sometimes. The condition of less Gi in Taeyang meridian can easily result in the shortage of Gi, and much blood makes the person to have a lofty ideal or to have capricious behavior.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.7-15
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• 2015

Purpose: The definition of healing and treatment is different between the East and the West. I suppose that the different definitions of them affect the notion of healing environment in two cultural area. Therefore the aim of this study is to consider the different perspective in healing environment between the East and the West. Methods: Relevant literature review around domestic and foreign reference in fields of medicine and architecture has been conducted to consider the purpose. Results: First, the perspective that the cause of disease stems from inside of body approaches the body from standpoint of healing for recovery. Healing is the way to conquer imbalance by entering into a connection with nature around body. The concept of healing could analyze that it come from relevant perspective. Second, the healing environment in the East is the place where the flow of Qi between, human and human, and, human and environment, keep a balance. The notion of healing environment in the East is the filed of relations. In the West, the notion of healing environment is the place where arouse fine emotions through sensory stimulations. Implications: Recently the studies of healing environment focus on deducing sensory stimulation factors scientifically in the perspective of the West. But the healing environment couldn't be possible without the notion of place of relations. In the future, the notion of healing environment as the field of relations in the East has to be concerned.