• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2012.10a
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• pp.623-625
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• 2012

The nodes of Ad-hoc network are made up of location registration for sending informations and a great number of packet transmissions to maintain routing route among the nodes. Under this environment, a huge number of traffics would be generated as mobility variable occurs more than in physical network. Hence, in this paper, focused on to study the relationship of nodes to analyze the extent of the traffic in order to control the traffics of the multi-hop in Ad-hoc.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.554-566
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• 2011

Consumer capitalism is transforming real geographical knowledge into imaginary one through commodity fetishism. As a result, students' ability to think themselves and commodity relationally become weak. Thus, the students cannot recognize the positional meanings of themselves in the global networks of food and ethically perceive environmental issues that generate due to the interrelation between the students and the commodity networks. In these problematic consciousness and situations, this research examine relation of commodity consumption and ethics through hamburger connection and insists that geographical education helps the students acquire insight into the relationship between food and themselves through relational thinking.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.29-40
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• 1999

This study presents a simplifled calculation method for required ductility of coupling beams in precast coupled shear walls at preliminary seismic design stages. Deflection of precast coupled shear walls based on a continuum approach is combined with inelastic gap opening of horizontal connection of panels to provide a relationship between the system-level ductility and the element-level ductility in a precast coupled shear wall. The equation proposed herein for ductility requirement for coupling beams shows that higher stiffness and lower strength of coupling beams result in high ductility reuqirement. The equation also shows that the ductility requirement is proportional to the degree of gap opening of the story in question. However, the coupling beam ductility in higher stories are not affected by gap openings of horizontal connections of panel.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.463-468
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• 2009

Geospatial interoperability has been pursued by propagating international standards and OGC standards. The NGIC, GeoConnection and other catalogue services are reviewed with aspect to metadata and search functions. Detailed metadata could be driven to users after finding what they want to have. Criteria for search were not fully overlapped with metadata, as simple and typical searches are prevailing. OGC catalogue service standards were made but catalogue services in Korea have been implemented in their own ways, not fully compliance-tested. Different domain technologies have been developed regardless of geospatial service, the relationship and integration methods between catalogue services and other core technologies are reviewed in the form of a pair table. Other issues in geospatial service were discussed in the level of raising issues.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.675-689
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• 2012

Most connections of steel structures exhibit flexible behaviour under cyclic loading. The flexible connections can be assumed as nonlinear rotational springs attached to the ends of each beam. The nonlinear behaviour of the connections can be considered by suitable moment-rotation relationship. Time-history analysis by direct integration method can be used as a powerful technique to determine the nonlinear dynamic response of the structure. In conventional numerical integration, the response is evaluated for a series of short time increments. The limitations on the size of time intervals can be removed by using Chen and Robinson improved time history analysis method, in which the integrated displacements are used as the new variables in integrated equation of motion. The proposed method permits longer time intervals and reduces the computational works. In this paper the nonlinearity behaviour of the structure is summarized on the connections, and the step by step improved time-history analysis is used to calculate the dynamic response of the structure. Several numerical calculations which indicate the applicability and advantages of the proposed methodology are presented. These calculations illustrate the importance of the effect of the nonlinear behaviour of the flexible connections in the calculation of the dynamic response of steel frames.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.57-65
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• 2017

The fatigue fracture of studs is the main reason for failure of composite beams based on massive engineering practices. Hence, studying the laws of cracks initiation and propagation are of great directive significance. eXtended Finite Element Method (XFEM) is an effective method in solving moving discontinuous problems in recent years. This paper extends our recent work on the fatigue damage analysis of stud shear connectors in the steel and crumble rubber concrete (RRFC) composite beams based on XFEM. The process of crack initiation to failure of the stud is simulated and an effective calculation criteria for the fatigue life of the composite beams is put forward. After the reliability of the numerical analysis is verified based on tests results, the extensive parametric study is conducted concerning effects of different rubber contents, shear connection degrees and the stress amplitudes. Results show that with the increasing rubber contents and shear connection degrees, the fatigue lives of composite beams increase obviously. Furthermore, the relationship between the fatigue life of the stud at the edge of the shear span and the whole composite beams is studied. Finally, the S-N curves of the single stud and the whole composite beams are put forward based on XFEM.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.489-504
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• 2012

For the safety of prestressed structures such as cable-stayed bridges and prestressed concrete bridges, it is very important to ensure the prestress force of cable or tendon. The loss of prestress force could significantly reduce load carrying capacity of the structure and even result in structural collapse. The objective of this study is to present a smart PZT-interface for wireless impedance-based prestress-loss monitoring in tendon-anchorage connection. Firstly, a smart PZT-interface is newly designed for sensitively monitoring of electro-mechanical impedance changes in tendon-anchorage subsystem. To analyze the effect of prestress force, an analytical model of tendon-anchorage is described regarding to the relationship between prestress force and structural parameters of the anchorage contact region. Based on the analytical model, an impedance-based method for monitoring of prestress-loss is conducted using the impedance-sensitive PZT-interface. Secondly, wireless impedance sensor node working on Imote2 platforms, which is interacted with the smart PZT-interface, is outlined. Finally, experiment on a lab-scale tendon-anchorage of a prestressed concrete girder is conducted to evaluate the performance of the smart PZT-interface along with the wireless impedance sensor node on prestress-loss detection. Frequency shift and cross correlation deviation of impedance signature are utilized to estimate impedance variation due to prestress-loss.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.24
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• pp.5-18
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• 2011

This article offers a reflection on Frantz Fanon's diagnosis and analysis of French colonialism in Algeria. We will attempt to demonstrate that there is a concrete and clear connection between Fanon as the psychiatrist diagnosing the devastating effects of the French colonial system, and his subsequent political involvement in the Algerian revolution. This is not to say that each part does not contain valuable insights in their own rights, but rather to stress that without being read together, as a whole, one would miss a significant element in the understanding of the importance Fanon's thought subsequently came to play in the emancipation struggles of the colonized worldwide. Furthermore, we argue that it is crucial to understand the intimate connection between Fanon's psychiatric work, his diagnosis of colonial mental disorders, as well as diagnosis of the colonial system as such, and then his political engagement, in order to understand the particular context in which he favourably discusses the use of violence in the name of fighting against the oppressive system of colonialism. Above all, we argue that Fanon's critique of colonialism continues to spark controversy because it still represents the most powerful and incisive analysis of, as well as answer to, the troubled relationship between the blessed and the wretched of the earth.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.75-84
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• 2021

For analyzing big data, the social network is increasingly being utilized through relational data, which means the connection characteristics between entities such as people and objects. When the relational data does not exist directly, a social network can be configured by calculating relational data such as attribute similarity from attribute data of entities and using it as links. In this paper, the composition method of the social network using the attribute similarity between entities as a connection relationship, and the clustering method using subgroups for the configured social network are suggested, and the clustering effectiveness of the clustering results is evaluated. The analysis results can vary depending on the type and characteristics of the data to be analyzed, the type of attribute similarity selected, and the criterion value. In addition, the clustering effectiveness may not be consistent depending on the its evaluation method. Therefore, selections and experiments are necessary for better analysis results. Since the analysis results may be different depending on the type and characteristics of the analysis target, options for clustering, etc., there is a limitation. In addition, for performance evaluation of clustering, a study is needed to compare the method of this paper with the conventional method such as k-means.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.95-102
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• 2021

This study analyzed the effect of the farm's sense of community on participation satisfaction by participating in the contract cultivation of onions. To this end, we investigated the participation satisfaction with the sense of community's emotional connection, fulfillment of need, membership, and influence. According to the analysis of the sense of community of onion farmers, the definition of need, membership, and influenced participation satisfaction and were statistically significant. It was also shown to affect sense of community in the order of membership, Influence, fulfillment of need, and emotional connection. Therefore, it is necessary to form a continuous relationship with the leader and Nonghyup, to lead to improved farm income, induce pride as a member of participating farmers, and form a positive perception among onion farmers.