• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제21권5_3호
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• pp.665-673
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• 1998

This study was conducted to clarified the relationship between bird community and forest structure and present the counterplan for protection and management of bird community from February 1993 to July 1995 at deciduous and coniferous forest within Mt. Nam area, Seoul, Korea. DBH distribution has not significant differences in each study site. Deciduous forest had more foliage coverage in all layers than coniferous forest. Total 41 species of birds, which were 16 species of resident, 14 species of summer visitor, 4 species of winter visitor, and 7 species of passage migrant were recrded in two study sites. Leaf use rate of birds was increased the increase of coverage. The number of breeding species and pairs, breeding density, and diversity index were greater in deciduous forest than coniferous forest. The number of species and pairs on bush-nesting and foraging guild were greater than other guilds. And the nuber of species and pairs on hole nesting guild were the fewest in nesting guild. Use rate of artificial nests for improvement of habitat quality was greater in coniferous forest than deciduous forest. Maintenance of bush layer, increase of coverage and leaf layer diversity, supply of artificial nests, management of large trees, and control of natural enemy were necessary for protection and management of bird community in Mt. nam area.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.96-103
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• 2009

This study was fulfilled to investigate the forest fire risk of forest fuels based on the combustion characteristics of living leaves of coniferous trees and broadleaf trees naturally growing in Youngdong areas of Gangwon Province by using cone calorimeter and smoke density chamber. According to the result, Pinus densiflora and Pinus rigida among coniferous trees released a greater amount of heat release than other kinds. The total smoke release varied depending on the species, whereas Pinus koraiensis showed the largest amount of smoke release. With regard to maximum smoke density, it was much higher in coniferous trees than in broadleaf trees. With regard to smoke temperature, Pinus densiflora showed the lowest compared to other kinds up until 200s from the ignition, but all most trees uniformly maintained constant temperature of about $70^{\circ}C$ after 200s. The concentrations of CO and $CO_2$ release were drastically increased at about 150s and then gradually decreased thereafter. Pinus densiflora showed a bit higher CO release than broadleaf trees, but there was no distinct difference in $CO_2$ release among tress.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.205-212
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• 1995

The effects of noise attenuation among bare land, grassland, dominated broad-leaved (Quercus acutissima Carruth) and dominated coniferous forest (Pignus rigid Mill.) were studied For this study, the field experiment was carried out at playground, orchard grass, and school forest in Yeungnam University, Kyongsan. Sound levels of 500, 630, 800, 1,000, 1,250, 1,600, 2,000, 2,500 and 3,150 Hz, respectively, were projected into the vegetation, and the transmitted levels of sound were recorded at the distances of 1, 5, 10, 20, 30 and 50m, respectively, from the sound source. Both dominated coniferous forest (Pignus riged Mill.) and broad-leaved forest (Quercus acutissima Carruth ) are the more effective than grassland in the rates of attenuation. It is expected that dominated coniferous forest will be the more effective to attenuate sound love교 than dominated broad-leaved forest. In the low frequencies such as 500 and 630 Hz, grassland showed the more effective to attenuate sound levels than forests, while in the high frequency such as 3,150 Hz, the forests are the more effective to attenuate sound levels than grassland The present results suggested that it is the more effective to establish the tree belt for a sound barrier, with dominated coniferous tree species in the upper layer and herbaceous vegetation in the lower layer.

• 한국토양동물학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.37-47
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• 1996

This research was carried out to investigate soil mictoarthropods fauna in Namsan and Kwangreung which were considered to receive different degreeds of environmental pressures. In basic environmental data, Namsan where under rather accelerated acidification by air contamination and acidic rain showed low pH, tardy decomposition and turnover rate. Population density of soil microarthropods was high in Kwangreung 17,169.8/\ulcorner\ulcorner(coniferous forests), 17,892.6/$\textrm{m}^2$(deciduous forests) than in Namsan, 12,143.8/$\textrm{m}^2$ (coniferous forests), 14,216$\textrm{m}^2$(deciduous forests). Biomass of soil microarthropods was 2,020.219mg/$\textrm{m}^2$ at coniferous forests and 4,270.172mg/$\textrm{m}^2$ at deciduous forests in Namsan, and 3,287.326mg/$\textrm{m}^2$ at coniferous forests and 4326.1mg/$\textrm{m}^2$ at deciduous forests in Kwangreung. Population density constantly showed high in spring, and seasonal fluctuations were correlated with seasonal precipitation. As far as vertical distribution is concerned, population density was concentrated in litter layer as 70% while 30% are in soil layer and also decreased with increasing depth.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2002년도 추계학술발표회
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• pp.200-202
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• 2002

This study was for comparisons of transitional element concentrations from the two different soil, serpentinite(SP) and granite area(GR), Kwangcheon and Hongseong area. Soils were collected by soil depths (10, 20 and 30cm) from the sites selected In the plant species(coniferous and deciduous species). In the soils, the SP was high in the Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni and Zn concentrations, while the GR was high in the Cu, As, Sc and V. With the soil depths, the elements had high solubility, such as Cr, Co and Ni concentrations, were high in the SP, while the other elements were not clear. For the both species, the SP was high in the root and bolebark, while in the GR, not clear. Coniferous species in the same soil types, was higher than the deciduous In most elements. The more with increasing ages, the more with element accumulation in most plant parts except leaves. Comparisons between the soils and plant species, in the case of the element contents within the soils, the plant species in the same sites was similar trend. especially, clear in the SP

• 한국제4기학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.39-56
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• 2002

The results of geoarchaeological studies of the prehistoric cultural complexes on the Russian Far East (Primorye, or Maritime Province; the Amur River basin; and Sakhalin Island) are presented. Upper Palaeolithic sites are dated to ca. 40,000-10,500 B.P. They existed during the mild climate of the Chernoruchie interstadial (ca. 40,000-21,000 B.P.); during harsh climate at the Last Glacial Maximum, ca. 20,000-18,000 B.P., in several places on the Russian Far East (Primorye, Amur River basin, and Sakhalin); and during climatic amelioration in the Late Glacial time, ca. 16,000-10,500 B.P. The earliest Neolithic sites, represented by Osipovka and Gromatukha cultures, existed at ca. 13,000-10,000 B.P. in the environment of coniferous forests with admixture of broadleaved taxa. Since ca. 8000 B.P., Neolithic cultures appeared in all of the Russian Far East. They existed until ca. 3000 B.P., first during the Holocene Climatic Optimum, ca. 8000-5000 B.P., in the environment of coniferous-broadleaved forests, and later, at ca. 5000-3000 B.P., in the environment of birch-oak and coniferous forests.

• 한국토양동물학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.95-101
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• 1996

A total of 101 species belonging to 76 genera under 42 families in Kwangreung coniferous forest (45th compartment) and 108 species belonging to 69 genera under 40 families in Kwangreung deciduous forest (44th compartment) was reported, respectively.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제110권4호
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• pp.516-529
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• 2021

백두대간 보호지역 침엽수림은 기후변화, 식생천이, 인간간섭 등 다양한 교란 요인으로 토지 본래의 식생 조성과 구조의 변화가 커서 생태적 안정성과 더불어 경관적 다양성과 특이성이 점차 저하되고 있다. 본 연구는 백두대간 보호지역 침엽수림의 전면적이고 종합적인 보전 방안 수립의 기초자료를 제공할 목적으로 2016년에서 2020년까지 5년간 수행된 산림청 백두대간 자원실태변화조사에서 수집된 총 755개 임분의 식생정보를 바탕으로 정량적인 ZM학파의 식물사회학적 방법과 정량적인 이원지표종분석 방법(TWINSPAN)을 병용하여 종조성적 식생유형을 구분하고 그 종다양성과 구조적 특성을 파악하였다. 그 결과, 백두대간 보호지역 침엽수림의 식생유형은 2개 군락군, 4개 군락, 7개 아군락, 그리고 14개 변군락의 식생단위 체계 하에 총 15개 유형으로 구분되었다. 또한, 침엽수림 구성종의 100 m²당 평균 총피도와 출현종수는 각각 232%, 21종 그리고 종다양도와 종우점도 지수는 각각 평균 1.907, 0.222로 나타났다.

• 한국토양동물학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.89-94
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• 1996

A total of 74 species belonging to 56 genera under 33 families of oribatid mites was reported from the coniferous forest in Mt. Namsan. A total of 85 species belong to 58 genera under 33 families was reported from the deciduous forest in Mt. Namsan.

• 한국생태학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생태학회 1999년도 국제 Symposium 및 '99 춘계 공동 학술 발표대회
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• pp.93-93
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• 1999