• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.729-730
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• 2008

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.113-153
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• 2009

Financial conglomerates combine banking, securities, insurance and other financial services within a single economic entity. In this paper we analyze the effect of financial conglomeration on the default risk of financial companies in the Korean financial industry. We use two risk measures based on individual company level as proxies of the default risk, one is Z-index proposed by Altman(1968) and the other is the weighted capital adequacy ratio. We find that financial conglomeration has a negative effect on the default risk of financial companies. The asset size and diversity level of financial conglomerates, however, are negatively correlated with the default risk of financial companies. These results mean that in the Korean financial industry, even though the economy of scale and scope does exist, financial conglomeration does not translate into lower risk of financial companies composing financial conglomerates.

• Journal of The Institute of Information and Telecommunication Facilities Engineering
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.75-87
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• 2004

The mobile industry is waking up to the reality that customers buy 'services', not technology. Thekey is to deliver a variety of differentiated services today and improve them as the advanced technology becomes available. In the increasingly data centric world of the future, the emphasis will be on the provision of a range of services audio, video, data and multimedia and of course speech. As we move closer to the realization of these mobile services in the conglomeration of converged networks, new challenges are being faced by the technology and application developers as well as the service providers to design, test and integrate new products and services. Functionalities like availability, scalability, performance and compatibility have become more important. This paper discusses the new test paradigms in the mobile networks, both from the applications and the protocols perspective.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.91-107
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• 1996

In Lagrangian mechanics, attention is directed at the body as it moves through space. Each body point is identified by the position it would have if the body were to occupy an arbitrary reference configuration. A result of this approach is that the analyst often describes the body by using quantities that may involve more than one configuration. This is particularly common in incremental calculations and in changes of the choice of reference configuration. With the rise of very powerful computing machinery, the popularity of numerical calculation has become great. Unfortunately, the mechanical theory has been evolved in a piecemeal fashion so that it has become a conglomeration of differently developed patches. The current work presents a unified development of the equilibrium principle. The starting point is the conservation of momentum. All details of configuration are shown. Finally, full dynamic and static forms are presented for total and incremental work.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.163-175
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• 2003

The research was aimed to find a special quality to the mathematical concept development using a graphing calculator in the collaborative learning. I could observe the process in which the students had formed the generalized and abstract mathematical concepts after they were given different concepts. I \ulcorner-Iso observed the characteristics of how they started with a vague syncretic conglomeration and approached to the complicated thoughts and genuine concepts. The advance of the collection type was achieved in the process of teacher's confirming of what the students had observed with a calculator. The language and the instrument were used in order for students to control the partial process. Also, they were given similar types of problems to make them clear when the students confronted 'the crisis of thoughts' at the level of pseudo-concept.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.893-901
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• 2014

A certain number of products are sold each month and some of them are returned for repair. In this study both return rate and cumulative return rate are shown on the graph to show the general trend of how many products are returned as time goes by. Next this type of summary data can be considered as a conglomeration of both left and right censored data. So reliability analysis is attempted for this type of summary data. Lastly, left censored data can be traced to find the exact time period during which the product has been claimed. In that case the left censored data can be taken as failure data. So similar type of reliability analysis is attempted for the resulting right censored data.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.318-328
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• 1994

This study was carried out to find out the possibility of continuity of the Farming Service Company (FSC), which has been founding since 1991 by the public administration to obtain the scale economy in the rice production, through the only financial analysis of the FSC. The results obtained were as follows. 1. The FSC's business is forward to the off-farm business rather than farm business. Based on the profit ratio, the profit ratio of off-farm business is more than that of farm business. It may cause the difficulty of policy to obtain the scale economy in the farming through the FSC. 2. Without subsidies the average net profit of the FSC was negative, which may provide the motives to the FSC to seek out the way to survive through the off-farm business, unless the FSC's could break up. 3. After all, the possibility of continuity of the FSC through the only financial analysis seems to be very little. Therefore the public administration should reconsider the present policy which is to found the more FSC continuously. If government wants to support the FSC continuously, government should focus on the conglomeration of farm land to increase the productivity of farming and on the subsidy of off-farm business to increase the profit ratio of the FSC.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 1994

The cytological and ultrastructural findings of Pneumocystis carinii(PC) obtained from rats by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) are described. All developmental forms of the PC organisms were obtained in the lavage fluid. Papanicolaou stain revealed conglomeration of PC as a foamy cast. The cystic walls of PC were well identified on Gomori's methenamine silver stain. Trophozoites and intracystic bodies were stained by Giemsa and Diff-Quik techniques. Some PC organisms were seen within the alveolar macrophages. Ultrastructurally, the cysts were almost circular in shape, and were nearly devoid of surface tubular extensions. The wall of the cyst was composed of an unit membrane, an intermediate electron lucent layer and an external electron dense layer The cysts frequently contained intracystic bodies, so called sporozoites. Occasionally empty or collapsed cysts with no intracystic bodies, and precysts were found. Trophozoites were variable in size and shape with abundant tubular extensions along the single electron dense pellicle. BAL is a useful method for concentrating the various morphologic forms of PC organisms, and is a rapid diagnostic method for PC pneumonia.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.67-109
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• 2010

The theory of creative class has shown that the creative people are the key factor of success in regional economic growth. The creative people strengthen the economic competitiveness which is crucial to attract, cultivate and mobilize the resources of that region. In order to examine the theory of creative class for regional economic growth and firm productivity in Korea, this study uses the panel data of 492 Korean firms of the industrial complex producing electic and electronic manufactured goods. They are grouped into 10 industrial complexes among 16 metropolitan areas. Our findings demonstrate that creative class and 3Ts are related to the ratio of creative population density and the regional economic growth. Specifically the creative core class is of more significance to the regional economic growth than the creative professional class or the creative artist class. In our findings the panel analysis of random effects model shows that the talent index of 3Ts as well as the regional climates arc related to the individual firm's total factor productivity. This also reflects a conglomeration of the other regional climates statistically. On the other hand, the research and development expenditure of individual firms shows positive influence for each second consecutive year for the total factor productivity. Sales volume also contributes to the total factor productivity. In conclusion, we recommend that it is important to upgrade the level of creative climates by attracting the creative minds and R&D investment of the enterprises for regional economic growth and firm's total factor productivity.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.136-141
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• 2012

We report investigation of structural and optical characteristics of $In_2Se_3$ thin films fabricated by thermal annealing process. Indium (In) is deposited on substrates by sputtering methods and $In_2Se_3$ thin films are fabricated by thermal annealing it with selenium vapor. The annealing temperature was changed from $150^{\circ}C$ to $400^{\circ}C$. We observe formation and phase changes of $In_2Se_3$ thin films with increase of annealing temperature. Conglomeration of In is observed at low annealing temperature (${\leq}150^{\circ}C$). $In_2Se_3$ phases are started to form at $200^{\circ}C$ and ${\gamma}-In_2Se_3$ phase form at $350^{\circ}C$. High-quality ${\gamma}-In_2Se_3$ thin film with wurtzite structure is obtained at $400^{\circ}C$ of annealing temperature. Furthermore, we confirm that band gaps of $In_2Se_3$ thin films are increased according to increase of annealing temperature. Optical band gap of high-quality ${\gamma}-In_2Se_3$ is found to be 1.796eV.