• 한국전통조경학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.29-42
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• 2017

제주도 소재 정의향교는 전통적인 유교 예제건축으로 유교문화경관을 표상하는 사례가 된다. 조선 태종16년(1416)에 정의현 설치와 함께 성산읍 고성리에 처음 세워졌으나 헌종 15년(1849)에 성내 서쪽으로 이건하여 오늘에 이르고 있는 유구한 역사를 가진 곳이다. 향교가 가지는 문화경관 자원의 특성을 공간구성과 유교의 공간예제 적용방식을 통하여 규명하는데 연구의 목적을 두었다. 연구를 위하여 정의향교가 가지고 있는 유교문화경관의 공간구조와 유교예제에 관한 특징을 다음과 같은 항목으로 분석하였다. 즉 정의향교의 건립과 이건에 따른 변화과정, 고지도를 통한 입지적인 해석, 정의향교의 유교적 상징요소, 공간구성과 배치형태, 물리적 구조, 주요건축물, 지형면에서의 입지특성, 축선의 변화, 그리고 대성전 전면공간의 위요감(D/H비) 등을 통하여 유교예제가 공간구조에 나타나는 특징을 파악할 수 있었다. 정의향교는 제주도라는 단절된 섬 지역에서 지역의 특수성을 고려하여 유교적 교화를 실현하기 위하여 건립되었으며, 성내 입지라는 한정된 공간 조건 가운데서도 수평적, 수직적으로 다양한 배치기법을 통하여 유교 특유의 공간예제를 적용하고 있는 것을 볼 수 있었다. 따라서 이러한 점을 되살려서 정의향교만이 가지고 있는 독특한 유교문화경관을 활용할 수 있도록 해야 할 것이다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.33-44
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• 2018

This study, targeting Deokbongmaeul, Choonchonmaeul, Hyodongmaeul and Kangsanmaeul, drew the characteristics of history culture resource utilization through the analysis of project plans and performance reports and field surveys. First, Deokbongmaeul is a rural village with scattered Confucian facilities. Ipsanmaeul conforms to Confucian order and has an attractive housing area landscape. Hoechonmaeul has forest landscape and distinguishing intangible recourses like Maeji farmer's music and traditional techniques and legends. Hyodongmaeul shows folk resources and folk behavior like traditional play and techniques. Second, the history culture resources chosen from the project plans focus on intangible history resources like individual historic buildings & structures and customs & traditional techniques. Third, cultural historic village projects are categorized by repair and restoration of historic buildings and structures, development of experience program and building facilities and maintenance and establishing the village landscape elements. From the research results, it is explained that history culture resource utilization methods of cultural historic village project are hard to be expected to have the project results based on the landscape identities of four villages.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.78-85
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• 2013

This study employed the Semantic Differential(SD) technique for an empirical analysis of the borrowed landscape-the so-called interaction of landscape between space and nature-in traditional Korean space against the cultural backdrop of confucian ideology. Its findings are as follows: First, the study conducted a comparative analysis of the borrowed landscape between Sarangchae(Men's quarters) and Anchae(Women's quarters) and between Soteuldaemun(A lofty gate) and Sadangdaemun(A gate to an ancestral shrine), using the SD technique. Consequently, their marked distinction in the borrowed landscape were found to illustrate the influence of confucian ideology over spatial composition. Second, both the garden and the sky of Sarangchae appeared more open and dynamic, and soft, and comfortable, and warm compared to Anchae. Also, Soteuldaemun looked more open and dynamic than Sadangdaemun. In conclusion, traditional Korean space applies a monistic view of the world to nature and human beings, thereby embodying a philosophical and aesthetic space where humans enjoy their life in harmony with nature while playing with the landscape in a traditional space.

• 농촌계획
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.113-127
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• 2018

This study comprehends that the landscape of Ipsan Village is the accumulated output of the landscape management and social behavior by the historic personages through the reference research and field surveys. And the study sorted out the over-layered landscape characteristics of Ipsan Village by analyzing the dispersed landscape elements as follows. First, right before the start of Japanese invasions to Korea(1592-98), Tamjin(耽津) An(安) Family moved into Ipsan and started establishing the a single clan village. At a site with mountain background and facing the water(背山臨水), the village used to be a typical farming one with an organically planned road-system and housing area following the traditional order. However, the landscape has changed drastically since the 20th century with the construction of banks, roads and readjustment of arable land etc. Second, the original landscape, which can be figured out through the 'Gosanjaesibyukgyeong(高山齋十六景)' in the 18th century, shows its harmony with natural landscape: mountain & valley, stream & field, traditional trees, etc, cultural landscape: village, well, spring, etc, and momentary landscape: seasons, time, weather phenomena, sound, behavior, etc. Third, based on the second, 16 natural landscape elements: mountain & stream, planting, etc. and 25 cultural landscape elements: housing spaces, self-cultivation & ceremony spaces, community spaces and modern education & enlightenment spaces were selected and interpreted as landscaping meanings. Fourth, the over-layered landscape which stems from the compositive functions and inter-connectivity of landscape elements which consists Ipsan Village is regarded as 'Natural geographical and Fungsu landscape', 'Rural production and livelihood landscape', 'Confucian ceremony and symbolic landscape' and 'Modern education and enlightenment landscape.'

• 농촌계획
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.25-35
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• 2016

This study targets Korean culture theme park in Yeongju-Zone and World confucian scholar culture park in Bonghwa-Zone among the Three Major Cultural Areas Projects supervised by Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism. The study analyzes the Historical and Cultural Authenticity of each project on the basis of the reports and the report materials for meeting with related organizations. The results of the study are drawn as follows. First, through the theoretical consideration, this study drew the types of authenticity: originality, identity, specificity and visibility, which are evaluation items on the Historical and Cultural Authenticity. Second, Bonghwa-Zone succeeded in acquiring originality with tangible cultural properties but Yeongju-Zone chose a project site without it. Third, with originality, Bonghwa-zone was evaluated as having resources and concept with high traditional culture connectivity and fulfilled identity. It led the feature showing the high affinity between originality and identity. Fourth, compared to the projects of Andong-Zone in the Three Major Cultural Areas Projects, these two projects failed to acquire the distinctions since the primary and the secondary influence area and major facilities & programs coincided with those of the projects of Andong-Zone. Fifth, compared to Bonghwa-Zone, Yeongju-Zone realized visibility faithfully by the conceptual flexibility of "Korean Culture" and a large-scale development. Sixth, in terms of the Historical and Cultural Authenticity of project plan, it is evaluated that Yeongju-Zone and Bonghwa-Zone only fulfilled visibility and specificity respectively.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.146-152
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• 2003

The purpose of this research is an analysis of research trends concerning history of landscape architecture found in the Journal of Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture (KILA). To do this, I reviewed the 905 articles from the journal from 1973 to 2003, from Which 104 journals were selected. In the articles, there were numerous studies on Oriental history and there was a lack of studies on Western history. Many of the oriental landscape history articles featured the landscape architecture history of the Korean Choseon Dynasty. There was much difference between the 1980s and 1990s. The topics of the 1980s were usually royal palaces, villages and temples, whereas those of 1990s expanded to include confucian memorial halls, walled towns and historical landscape areas. Also the topics of the 1990s included Japanese, Chinese ,md Western landscape architecture. Nevertheless, we had almost no focus on preservation and inheritance of historical cultural landscape sites. To solve this problem, we can find our motivation in the studies in history of landscape architecture.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.73-90
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• 2011

본 연구는 어계 조려 선생의 시작품과 그의 세거지 및 후대에 조성된 문화경관 요소들을 통하여 조선전기 은둔자로서, 선비로서 지켜 나갔던 은둔문화 경관의 특징을 파악하는데 연구의 목적을 두었다. 연구대상지로는 그의 세거지였던 원북재, 채미정, 고마암, 묘소 등을 중심으로 하였다. 연구방법으로 "어계집(漁溪集)" 등과 같은 관련 고문헌의 조사와 현장조사를 통하여 세거지에 나타난 경관요소의 파악, 그리고 조려의 은둔문화 경관 특정 분석, 시문에 나타난 의경미학의 분석 등으로 구분하여 진행하였다. 연구의 결과, 1) 조려는 단종의 폐위와 함께 성균관에서 고향으로 은둔하여 세상과 결별하면서 단종에 대한 충절을 지켰다. 2) 그의 출처관에 영향을 주었던 인물로는 성균관 동학이었던 류계분, 배중후 등과 생육신으로 교분을 나누었던 원호, 김시습 등을 들 수 있으며, 이들과 은둔관을 같이 했다. 3) 조려의 은둔이 갖는 의미는 호 '어계'에서처럼 어부로서의 은둔관을 표명한다. 이러한 은둔문화는 독특한 행동양식으로 나타나는데, 행동의 집중화 현상, 절대 은둔의 기행, 산천유람과 풍수지리학의 조예, 은둔의 고집스런 지속성, 실천효행의 유가적 자세 등이 있다.4) 은둔문화의 경관영역을 네 곳으로 구분하여 각각의 특징을 살펴본 바, 조려 당대의 은둔문화 경관과 후손과 사람들에 의해 전승되어진 경관전승으로 파악할 수 있다. 5) 시문에 나타난 의경미학을 분석한 결과, 경물로는 식물, 자연요소와 인공요소 등이 있었으며, 표현되어진 주제의식으로는 '유가적 은둔', '아취있는 은둔', '충절의 은둔' 등으로 나타났다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.33-42
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• 2009

This study is aimed at the necessity application in 'Prototype' general concept on discovering cultural identity landscape of our national characteristics landscape research. Accordingly, It is considered landscape, fundamental concept, the prototypal landscape concept from previously researches that have been used. At the same time, the concept of prototypal landscape has been established by commenting a point of view which is defining previous researches that controverted prototypal landscape, then establish concept of prototypal landscape and derive attribute by comparing and considering similar terminology of prototypal landscape. Previously, research prototypal landscape in depth by applying defined concept of prototypal landscape and considering inherence ideological and environmental background prototypal figure and structure. Formation pattern of the prototypal landscape is classified in both philosophical formative primary factor from philosophy, religion and environmental formative factor of human that accumulated cultural life from a region and life. Examples of forming the prototypal landscape by philosophical formative factor are classified as 'Feng-Shui(the theory of divination based on topography)', 'Yin-Yang theory', 'Confucian idea theory' 'Philosophical Taoism', 'Buddhism theory' and 'Nature theory' then environmental formative factor are interpreted by 'Taekliji(determining of advantageous land)', 'Imwon(forest) economical geography', 'land use', 'topography' and 'terrain' as examples. This study is anticipating a new point of view and an establishment of reliable preservation to our characteristic of the prototypal landscape by considering concept of prototypal landscape and formative factor as studying limits of prototypal landscape and researching concentrated origination of the prototype.

• 한국조경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국조경학회 2007년도 Journal of Landscape Architecture in Asia Vol.3
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• pp.118-126
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• 2007

Seoul has been the former capital from Joseon founded in 1932 by this time for 600 years. Seoul populated by some 10,290,000 people is the largest city in Korea. There are lots of cultural inheritance such as the castle town and 5 palaces including Gyeongbokgung in Seoul. Especially neungs(royal tombs) from 27 generations of king and queen in the Joseon dynasty during 518 years are very important cultural inheritance. The royal tombs were built from the castle town to the radius outside 4km within 40km pivoting on Seoul. Joseon royal tombs might have significant cultural value, which are representative Korean people's spirits for ancestor worship. After the 1945 Liberation of Korea those are having been managed by Office of Cultural Properties after Ministry of Education. This paper tried to find the changing process of the conservation and maintenance, the location of royal tomb area, the changing process of royal tomb, the area changing clue of modernization process, and in the historical city, Seoul. The royal tombs in the Joseon dynasty of the radius outside 4km within 40km pivoting on Seoul have been contributed to providing the metropolitan, Seoul population with the cultural and green spaces for 600 years. In the Joseon dynasty the royal tombs had been taken charge of thoroughly by the Royal Household with Neungchamboing system from Confucian background for ancestor worship. There after they had been damaged somewhat by the Japanese Imperialism period, the Korean War, and the pressure of urbanization. But the original state has been preserved well by state management. The royal tombs in the Joseon dynasty has been kept the culture of royal tomb's and memorial services with stone sculptures for 518 years. Also there are lots of documentary records of royal tombs. The memorial services of the tombs are held by Jongyakwon of Jeonju Lee family every year. The royal tombs somewhat damaged are needed to the original state of the transferred right of managing agency by the related national bodies.

• 한국전통조경학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.14-27
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• 2010

본 연구의 목적은 전통마을에서 공동체적 문화가 행해지던 공간의 문화경관적 해석을 통하여 전통마을에서 면면히 이어져 온 선인들의 지혜를 이해하는 계기를 마련하고자 하였으며, 나아가 마을단위의 주거단지 계획시 공동체적 공간을 설정, 활용하는 간접적인 실마리를 찾아보고자 하였다. 연구를 진행하기 위한 사례연구지는 역사, 문화, 예술적으로 전승가치가 있으며, 전통문화를 잘 보존, 전승하고 있는 18개의 전통마을을 대상으로 하였고, 연구의 방법으로는 예비조사와 본조사를 바탕으로 도출된 결과를 토대로 각 마을별 공동체 공간을 장소의 활용과 기능에 따라서 사회적 영역과 의식적 영역으로 분리하여 고찰하였다. 또 의식적 영역을 유교적 의례공간과 민속적 의례공간으로 나누어 분석하였다. 세부적으로는 각 조사대상지의 공동체 공간요소의 위치를 파악하여 공간의 이용주체와 공간의 장소적 특성을 고찰하였다. 공동체 공간의 요소별 분석으로 근대 이후 건립된 공동체 요소는 현재적 기점에서, 그리고 과거 조성되어 소실 등의 이유로 장소성이 상실되거나, 기능이 상실된 공동체 공간의 경우는 회고적 기점에서 고찰하였다. 연구의 결과 전통마을의 공동체 공간에 내재된 문화경관은 마을 주민들의 사회적 관계의 영향으로 형성되어 있음을 확인하였는데, 주민들의 공동체 공간이 단지 개별적인 독립된 계층에 의해 점유된 공간이라기보다는 공간의 사용유무에 따라 다의적인 장소로서의 활용이 가능하였다. 또한 남녀노소의 사용계층에 따라서 공간의 점유가 분리되고 차별화되어 있지만 서로 간의 암묵적인 소통을 통하여 서로를 이해하고 존중하고자 하였다.