• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.495-503
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• 2012

It is necessary to perform the precise analysis of unsteady flow for effective design of the side-weir detention basin installed in the river. Generally, the HEC-RAS program, which is a 1D unsteady numerical model, is mostly used to simulate the unsteady flow for rivers. However, it is difficult to have confidence of unsteady flow results simulated by HEC-RAS due to the lack of experimental data and field monitoring data for the channel with a side-weir detention basin. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to validate or verify the simulation results calculated by HEC-RAS through the experiments for the open channel with a side-weir detention basin using specially-designed unsteady discharge-supply system. The experimental cases included unsteady flows in the straight channel with and without a side-weir detention basin. Especially, for the case with a detention basin, the experiment was performed to consider only the free flow condition over the side-weir. The study results showed that values of water level and discharge obtained from HEC-RAS coincided reasonably with experimental results with the maximum error of 3% for water level and 1% for discharge in the case of the flow without the side-weir detention basin and 4% for water level and 2% for discharge with the side-weir detention basin.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.35-40
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• 2019

In this study, the mass flow rate of the heat release rate equation, which is the major factor of the oxygen consumption method, was analyzed for the fundamental investigation of the cone-calorimeter (5 m length and 0.3 m diameter). The shapes of a completely empty inside, 3 mm pore diameter mesh and pore diameter 10 mm honeycomb with 0.76 porosity were constructed using the cone-calorimeter. To calculate the mass flow rate, four bi-directional probes and thermocouples were installed in a uniform position in the vertical direction of flow. The velocity gradient and flow perturbation were measured from the increase in Reynolds number. As the flow capacity increased, the speed gradient increased in all three shapes relative to the turbulence intensity. In addition, the deviation of extended uncertainty to the mass flow was completely low in the order of empty space, mesh (d_p = 3 mm) and honeycomb (d_p = 10 mm and 𝜖 = 0.76) at the 95% confidence level. The results can be used in designs to improve the flow stability of the cone calorimeter.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.63-72
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• 2005

Rocks are dumped to soft marine ground in order to improve trafficability and construction conditions in the tideland reclamation construction sites. Though this rock layer under earth fill has caused in a serious seepage problems after construction, seepage behaviors of this embankment structure is not correctly investigated. Water flow through rock layers is, in general, known as Non-Darcy's flow. However, the embedded rock layer under earth fill is not known whether its flow is governed by Darcy's or Non-Darcy's law. Therefore, a numerical analysis, laboratory model test and filed investigations were performed for analyzing the those seepage characteristics in this research. Results show that there is significance of $95\%$ of confidence between observed heads and seepage rates, and the calculated ones by SAMTLE which is developed under the assumption that the water flows through the two-layer system obey the Darcy's flow. And after operating the hydraulic gradient(i) of $0.10\~0.55$ upon laboratory model, these seepage characteristics of the embedded rock layer show that Reynolds Numbers are less than 10 and the relationship between these velocities of rock layer(v) and hydraulic gradients(i) is linearly proportional with more than 0.79 of the coefficient of correlation $(R^2)$. And the Reynolds Number of the velocity calculated by the relation of v=ki in the embedded rock layer of OO sea dike is $1\~6$. It shows also laminar flow. Based on these results, it is concluded that the seepage characteristics of embedded rock layer under earth fill can be laminar and Darcy's flow.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.52 no.10
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• pp.2196-2203
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• 2020

A dryout mechanism model for rectangular narrow channels at high pressure conditions is developed by assuming that the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability triggered the occurrence of dryout. This model combines the advantages of theoretical analysis and empirical correlation. The unknown coefficients in the theoretical derivation are supported by the experimental data. Meanwhile, the decisive restriction of the experimental conditions on the applicability of the empirical correlation is avoided. The expression of vapor phase velocity at the time of dryout is derived, and the empirical correlation of liquid film thickness is introduced. Since the CHF value obtained from the liquid film thickness should be the same as the value obtained from the Kelvin-Helmholtz critical stability under the same condition, the convergent CHF value is obtained by iteratively calculating. Comparing with the experimental data under the pressure of 6.89-13.79 MPa, the average error of the model is -15.4% with the 95% confidence interval [-20.5%, -10.4%]. And the pressure has a decisive influence on the prediction accuracy of this model. Compared with the existing dryout code, the calculation speed of this model is faster, and the calculation accuracy is improved. This model, with great portability, could be applied to different objects and working conditions by changing the expression of the vapor phase velocity when the dryout phenomenon is triggered and the calculation formula of the liquid film.

• The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery
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• v.3 no.2 s.7
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• pp.44-49
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• 2000

Small sonic nozzles (throat diameter $0.28{\~}4.48mm$) were tested in the gas flow standard system. This standard system is composed of two bell provers and 5 column piston provers, compressor, filters, and dehumidifier. The discharge coefficients of small some nozzles are obtained and correlated as a function of throat Reynolds numbers with $0.316\%$ uncertainty at a confidence level $95\%$. The tested high Reynolds number was the lower limit of ISO 9300 specifications. The data are useful as data base for revision of ISO 9300.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.1361-1366
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• 2007

Forging for spring cup of engine valve was investigated in this study. New method is needed to reduce cost and development lead time required to fix forming process of new product, that eventually can provide die, metal flow and forming loads with high confidence level. FEM could provide required detail information that could reduce trial error in advance before the actual production. By using the rigid-plastic finite element simulation, possibilities of improving former research were explored. Results generated by FEM could foresee expected material deformation in advance and made possible new forming process successfully.

• 한국기계연구소 소보
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• s.18
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• pp.163-168
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• 1988

Impregnation of molten thermoplastic resin into continuous unidirectional fiber bundles was investigated. The degree of impregnation is defined as the ratio between the number of impregnated fibers and the total number of fibers of a bundle. The degree of impregnation was modeled as a function of time, impregnation pressure, temperature and tow size assuming the radial inward flow through the fiber bundle is governed by the Darcy's law. The permeability was assumed to be constant. Experiments were performed to evaluate the validity of the medel. Today's T300 graphite fiber bundles and Polyetheretherketone(PEEK) resin was used. A fiber bundle and resin powder were put into a mold and pressure and temperature were applied. After a predetermined time, the sample was taken out and microphotographs of the cross-section were taken. From the microphotographs, the number of impregnated fibers was counted and then the degree of impregnation was determined. Experiments were also performed for different tow sizes. Good agreements were found between the model and the experiments rendering a confidence in the model.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.226-234
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• 2005

The uncertainty of measurement in nitrate from burley leaf tobacco by continuous-flow analysis method was evaluated following internationally accepted guidelines. The sources of uncertainty associated with the analysis of nitrate were weight of standard and sample, purity of standard, dilution of standard solution, calibration curve, water content, etc. The calculation of uncertainty based on the GUM(Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement) and EURACHEM/CITAC Guide. An expanded uncertainty was obtained by multiplying the combined standard uncertainty with a coverage factor (k) calculated from the effective degree of freedom. The concentration of nitrate from burley leaf tobacco was $2.09\%$ and the expanded uncertainty by multiplying by the coverage factor(k, 2.20) was $0.13\%\;at\;a\;95\%$ confidence level.

• 한국정보통신설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.08a
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• pp.535-539
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• 2008

Recently mobile devices can transmit mass data contained multi-media contents. According these flow, a demand for fast data transmission is being risen, so we acutely require remarkable technology that overcome mobile communication's poor environment and rise data transmission volume. Because it can be satisfied these needs, the OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) that rise data transmission volume using efficient frequency, and MIMO(Multiple Input Multiple Output) that rise transmission confidence and data transmission volume using numbers of antenna is attended. Before design of MIMO-OFDM System we want to make an analysis for theory of its systems, and we want to design MIMO-OFDM simulator for verify an ability of modulation, data volume and numbers of antenna.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2012.06c
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• pp.406-407
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• 2012

Texture transfer is a NPR technique for expressing various styles according to source (reference) image. By late 2000s, there are many texture transfer researches. But video base researchers are not active. Moreover, they didn't use important feature like directional information which need to express detail characteristics of target. So, we propose a new method to generate texture transfer animation (using video) with directional effect for maintaining temporal coherence and controlling coherence direction of texture. For maintaining temporal coherence, we use optical flow and confidence map to adapt for occlusion/disocclusion boundaries. And we control direction of texture for taking structure of input. For expressing various texture effects according to different regions, we calculate gradient based on directional weight. With these techniques, our algorithm can make animation result that maintain temporal coherence and express directional texture effect. It is reflect the characteristics of source and target image well. And our result can express various texture directions automatically.