• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.317-318
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• 2010

At the latest industry develops, heavy metals or sludge contaminated surrounding farm land and rivers. In this study, wished to solve problem by saying contaminated sludge and tailing and heavy metals to do solidification using Magnesia phosphate cement. Confirmed through above experiment that magnesia is effect in solidification and stabilization of chromium and lead.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.116-117
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• 2017

The most important factor when designing coastal and offshore concrete structures is durability. However, concrete in marine environment is exposed to physical and chemical deterioration of seawater, which might easily lead to low quality. The purpose of the present study is to understand advantages of adding ground solidificaton materials by comparatively analyze the seawater resistance of general concrete and environmental-friendly ground solidification materials.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.763-768
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• 2003

This study is to specify the properties of solidification/stabilization of heavy metals in connection with looking over the hydration features of non-sintering cement using industrial by-products. In this study, we added Cr and Pb to non-sintering cement(NSC), ordinary portland cement (OPC), and Blast-furnace slag cement(BSC) to specify the solidification process. Heavy metal leaching test was carried out to evaluate solidification degree of various cement. Follow result, marking no higher than 0.7% of un-solidified ratio of BSC was the most predominant result when we mixed the materials with Cr. 5.8% for NSCI and 6.2% for NSC2. On the contrary, in case of adding Pb, NSCl and NSC2 made better solidification results than those of OPC(below 0.2%) and BSC(below 0.05%), marking nearly 0%.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.601-606
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• 2002

This study explored physical properties of a hardened cement and a concrete specimen using a high performance cement type solidification consisting of a weathered granite soil and a yellow soil mainly. Also the development of high performance cement type solidification was purposed for an intensity improvement and a long-term durability. As the experimental results, a mortar used by the weathered granite soil shows positive result, however using the yellow soil as a mortar Shows less positive result at the compressive strength. Also the dynamic modulus of elasticity measurement result, the concrete specimens used by the weathered granite and the yellow soil reached above 90%, so it seems to have the durability of freezing and thawing.

• Advances in environmental research
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.337-353
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• 2014

The determination of the effectiveness of the immobilization of blasting dust (waste generated in galvanic activities) in cement matrix, as well of mechanical, physical and microstructural properties of concrete paving blocks produced with partial replacement of cement was the objective of this work. The results showed that blasting dust has high percentage of silica in the composition and very fine particle size, characteristics that qualify it for replacement of cement in manufacturing concrete blocks. The replacement of Portland cement by up to 5% residues did not cause a significant loss in compressive strength nor increase in water absorption of the blocks. Chemical tests indicated that there is no problem of leaching or solubilization of contaminants to the environment during the useful life of the concrete blocks, since the solidification/stabilization process led to the immobilization of waste in the cement mass. Therefore, the use of blasting dust in the manufacture of concrete paving blocks is promising, thus being not only an alternative for proper disposal of such waste as well as a possibility of saving raw materials used in the construction industry.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.39 no.12
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• pp.1133-1137
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• 2002

The cement for solidification of the toxic waste was fabricated using a mixture of the waste concrete powder and blast furnace slag in the ratio of 1:1 and its hydrate morphology and compressive strength of the sample were evaluated in order to apply to the solidification of the COREX sludge. The X-ray diffraction analysis of the sample which prepared by the addition of 10% Portland cement and hemihydrate showed the presence of $Ca(OH)_2$, ettringite, gel-phase and C-S-H hydrate. Compressive strength of the sample exhibited enough high to use as a solidification cement. The strength of the sample was over 140 kgf/$m^2$ in 7 days in case of solidification of the COREX sludge and the sample possess sufficient morphology for the solidification and stabilization of the waste sludge.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.289-294
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• 2001

This study concerns the cement-solidification/stabilization of the waste with high concentration heavy metals. Compressive strength and leaching test of heavy metals were evaluated for ing types of cements and the effect of the additives of Hauyne clinker and slag were also cussed. Using ordinary portland cement, rapid hardening portland cement and the cement with additives solidification materials, it shows that the strength and stability of concrete is satisfactory and superiority is in the order of rapid hardening portland cement > the cement with additives > nary portland cements.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.466-471
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• 2004

Efficient numerical finite element analysis of creeping concrete structures requires the use Kelvin or Maxwell chain model, which is most conveniently identified from a continuous retardation or relaxation spectrum, the spectrum in turn being determined from the given compliance or relaxation function. The method of doing that within the context of solidification theory for creep with aging was previously worked out by Bazant and Xi, but only for the case of a continuous retardation spectrum based on Kelvin chain. The present paper is motivated by the need to incorporate concrete creep into the recently published microplane model M4 for nonlinear triaxial behavior of concrete, including tensile fracturing and behavior under compression. In that context. the Maxwell chain is more effective than Kelvin chain. because of the kinematic constraint of the microplanes used in M4. Determination of the continuous relaxation spectrum for Maxwell chain. based on the solidification theory, is outlined and numerical examples are presented.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2000.10b
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• pp.1199-1204
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• 2000

This study concerns the cement-solidification/stabilization of the municipal waste incineration fly-ash. Compressive strength and leaching test of heavy metals were evaluated for varying types and ratios of cements and the effects of some additives of Hauyne clinker and slag were also discussed. In the cases of using cement binders more than 10%, the compressive strength after 3 days showed the values over $20kgf/cm^2$. Type III cement and Hauyne clinker improved the compressive strength, especially early strength. And the values of leaching test showed that cement-solidification is effective method to stabilize heavy metals especialy when using type III cement and adding Hauyne clinker and slag,.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.10-16
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• 2017

Recently, the gap between demand and supply of natural aggregate has increased owing to the depletion of aggregate sources. Therefore, policy support is necessary for the stable supply of aggregate resources. Public and construction works experience problems when they do not receive a steady supply of aggregate. Further, instabilities in aggregate supply lead to increases in aggregate prices, and consequently construction costs. As a result, the likelihood of poor construction using low-grade aggregate increases. It is therefore crucial to put measures in place that deal with these issues. This study aims to reduce the load imposed by aggregate use on the environment by recycling soil dredged from sewage ducts to reduce the gap between supply and demand of fine aggregate. The dredged soil is assessed using an applicability test for quality characteristics and solidification with basic properties. This study aims to secure the safety of dredging soil and solidified objects through interior physical and chemical analyses and to utilize it as a base material for concrete solidification in the future.