• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2016.02a
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• pp.291.2-291.2
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• 2016

3D semiconductor material of silicon that is used throughout the semiconductor industry currently faces a physical limitation of the development of semiconductor process technology. The research into the next generation of nano-semiconductor materials such as semiconductor properties superior to replace silicon in order to overcome the physical limitations, such as the 2-dimensional graphene material in 2D transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMD) has been researched. In particular, 2D TMD doping without severely damage of crystal structure is required different conventional methods such as ion implantation in 3D semiconductor device. Here, we study a p-type doping technique on tungsten diselenide (WSe2) for p-channel 2D transistors by adjusting the concentration of hydrochloric acid through Raman spectroscopy and electrical/optical measurements. Where the performance parameters of WSe2 - based electronic device can be properly designed or optimized. (on currents increasing and threshold voltage positive shift.) We expect that our p-doping method will make it possible to successfully integrate future layered semiconductor devices.

• Macromolecular Research
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.231-237
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• 2000

The polymerization of 3-ethynylphenol, phenylacetylene having hydroxy functionality, was carried out by tungsten and molybdenum-based transition metal catalysts. The polymerization proceeded to give a moderate yield of polymer. The effects on the mole ratio of monomer to catalyst (M/C), initial monomer concentration ((Mb), and the polymerization temperature for the polymerization of 3-ethynylphenol were investigated. The catalytic activity of W-based catalysts was found to be greater than that of Mo-based catalysts. The resulting polymers were brown or black powders and mostly insoluble in organic solvents. Structural analysis of the polymer by instrumental methods revealed the conjugated polymer backbone structure carrying hydroxyphenyl moieties. Thermal and morphological properties of the resulting poly(3-ethynylphenol) were also discussed.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.70-77
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• 1992

Al-Pb-Si bearing alloys were produced by a forced stirring method and a rapid solidification process to study wear properties of bearing alloys. A homogeneous distribution of Pb particles in Al matrix could be obtained by means of the forced stirring and the rapid cooling during the casting. The wear properties of bearing alloys were tested by a pin-on-disc wear tester. The change in microstructure according to the alloy manufacturing variables was observed by the backscattered electron images. Al-Pb and Al-Si binary alloys showed a transition from mild to severe wear. The transition was not found in Al-Pb-Si ternary alloys. It could be concluded that the lubricatioin effect of Pb and the strengthening effect of Si in the ternary alloys enhanced the bearing properties. A Al-25%Pb-13%Si alloy showed the lowest coefficient of friction in this experiment. It indicated that the optimum concentration of alloy was 25% Pb and 13% Si when the forced stirring of melt and water-cooled-copper-mold solidification were adopted.

• Macromolecular Research
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.51-56
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• 2008

Spherical micelles of poly(styrene-b-isoprene) (SI) diblock copolymers in selective solvents have been reported to pack onto either face-centered cubic (fcc) or body-centered cubic (bcc) lattices. The selection rule for fcc and bcc lattices has been understood in terms of the intermicellar potentials, and they have been quantified using the ratio of the corona layer thickness to the core radius, $L/R_c$, as suggested by McConnell and Gast. In order to test the validity of the McConnell-Gast criterion, this study compared the $L/R_c$ values from various solutions i.e. nine SI copolymers in several different selective solvents. The McConnell-Gast criterion was not found to be a determining factor, even though it could explain the fcc/bcc selection qualitatively. From the phase diagrams, the transition between fcc and bcc phases was also considered as a function of concentration and temperature, and their physical mechanisms are discussed based on the recent mean-field calculation reported by Grason.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.137-140
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• 2011

The aminolysis reactions of phenyl N-benzyl thiocarbamate with benzylamines in acetonitrile at $50.0^{\circ}C$ are investigated. The reactions are first order in both the amine and the substrate. Under amine excess, pseudo-first coefficient ($k_{obs}$) are obtained, plot of $k_{obs}$ vs free amine concentration are linear. The signs of ${\rho}_{XZ}$ (< 0) are consistent with concerted mechanism. Moreover, the variations of $\rho_X$ and $\rho_Z$ with respect to the sustituent in the substrate and large ${\rho}_{XZ}$ value indicate that the reactions proceed concerted mechanism. The normal kinetic isotope effects ($k_H/k_D$ = 1.3 ~ 1.5) involving deuterated benzylamine nucleophiles suggest a hydrogen-bonded, four-centered-type transition state. The activation parameters, ${\Delta}H^\ddagger$ and ${\Delta}S^\ddagger$, are consistent with this transition state structure.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.43 no.11 s.294
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• pp.703-709
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• 2006

We report on the synthesis of highly uniform, single phase zinc and cobalt thin films prepared by the Liquid Phase Deposition (LPD) method. X-Ray diffraction, TGA and EDX measurements support the assumption that the as deposited films are constituted by a mixture of crystallized FeOOH and amorphous M(OH)$_2$ (M=Co, Zn) which is converted upon heat treatment in air at 600?C into the corresponding zinc ferrites. The films with adjustable chemical compositions are identified with a crystal structure as spinel-type and present a spherical or rod-like microstructure, depending on the both the nature and concentration of the divalent transition metal ions. Zinc ferrite thin films present a superparamagnetic behavior above blocking temperatures which decrease with increasing the Zn content and are ferromagnetic at 5 K with coercivities ranging between 797.8 and 948.5 Oe, whereas the cobalt ferrite films are ferromagnetic at room temperature with magnetic characteristics strongly dependent on the chemical composition.

• Macromolecular Research
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.359-364
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• 2002

A series of PLA-PEO-PLA triblock stereo-copolymers with varying PLA/PEO and L-DL-LA ratios were synthesized via ring opening pelymerizations. Aqueous solutions of these copolymers undergo thermo-responsive phase transitions as the temperature monotonically increases. Further study shows that there is a critical gel concentration (CGC), and also lower and upper critical gel temperatures (CGTs), at which the thermo-responsive phase transition occurs. The CGC and CGTs are affected by various factors such as block length, as well as the compositions of the PLA blocks and of the additives. In particular, the changes in the phase diagram produced by varying the L-/DL-LA ratio in the PLA blocks were determined to be mainly due to consequent stereo-regularity changes in the PLA blocks.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.223-227
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• 1996

Catalytic effects of transition metal (Co2+, Ni2+) complexes of N,N-bis(salicylaldehyde)-o-phenylenediimine (SOPD), N,N-bis(salicylaldehyde)-m-phenylenediimine (SMPD), and N,N-bis(salicylaldehyde)-p-phenylenediimine (SPPD), on the reduction of thionyl chloride at glassy carbon electrode, are evaluated by determining the kinetic parameters with cyclic voltammetric technique. The charge transfer process for the reduction of thionyl chloride is strongly affected by the concentration of the catalysts. Some quadridentate Schiff base-M(Ⅱ) complexes show sizable catalytic activities for the reduction of thionyl chloride. Catalytic effects of [M(Ⅱ)(SOPD)] complexes are slightly larger compared to [M(Ⅱ)2(SMPD)2] and [M(Ⅱ)2(SPPD)2] complexes. On those electrodes deposited with the catalysts, the observed exchange rate constants (ko) are in the range of 0.89-2.28 × 10-7 cm/s, while it is 1.24 × 10-7 cm/s on the bare glassy carbon electrode.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.282-290
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• 2013

A primary air pollutant as an indicator of air quality released from incomplete combustion is Carbon monoxide. A study of the distributions of CO concentration with no heat source in a tunnel model closed at left end side is simulated with a commercial CFD code. The tunnel model is used to investigate the CO concentration distributions at three Reynolds numbers of 990, 1970, and 3290. which are computed by the inlet velocities of 0.3, 0.6 and 1.0 m/s. The CFD predictive approaches can be useful for a better design to analyze the distributions of CO concentrations. In the case of the tunnel model closed at left end side alone, the concentration changes of x/H=-5 and -2.5 have the similar laminar characteristics like the case of the tunnel model closed at both end sides expecially at low values of Reynolds number. Irregular average CO concentration variations at Re=1790 are considered that the transition from laminar to turbulent flow occurs even in three different tunnel models.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.15-19
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• 2003

The rheological behavior of poloxamer 407 solution as function of concentration and temperature was evaluated by rotational viscometer. The viscosity of poloxamer 407 solution was increased as the concentration of poloxamer 407 and temperature increased. At $4^{\circ}C$, poloxamer 407 solution showed the Newtonian flow characteristics regardless of concentration. Upon increasing temperature the poloxamer solution changed to the pseudoplastic flow pattern. And at gelation temperature, rheological profiles showed the abrupt increase in viscosity. Gelation temperature was decreased as the concentration of poloxamer 407 increased, while it increased as the concentration of poly(ethylene glycol) 4000 increased. Poly(ethylene glycol) might be expected to reduce the driving force for hydrophobic interaction resulting in slow gelation. From the viscoelastic properties of poloxamer gel system, we obtained the storage and loss modulus depending on the shear stress and frequency. And the sol-gel transition temperature was also obtained from the viscoelastic properties of poloxamer 407 gel.