• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 1995.06a
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• pp.234-234
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• 1995

• BMB Reports
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.163-168
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• 1996

Glycosylated polyphenol oxidase was purified from potato tuber using ammonium sulfate fractionation, Sephadex G-100, and concanavalin A Sepharose column chromatography. Two or three types of polyphenol oxidase were separated on concanavalin A Sepharose. Type I and II polyphenol oxidases did not bind to concanavalin A Sepharose. Type I seemed to be an aggregated form of polyphenol oxidase. Type III polyphenol oxidase, which is presumed to be glycosylated because it was bound to concanavalin A Sepharose and eluted with $\alpha$-D-methyl glucopyranoside, was further purified by chromatography on Econo-Pac Q and Superose 12. Glycosylated polyphenol oxidase was purified 130-fold from the dissolved ammonium sulfate pellet resulting in about $6\;{\mu}g$ of the enzyme from 100 g of potato tuber periderm. The molecular weight of the glycosylated enzyme determined by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was about 64,000. Optimum temperature and pH of both II and type III potato polyphenol oxidases were $20^{\circ}C$ and pH 7.0, respectively. Glycosylated form of polyphenol oxidase (type III) preferred catechol to catechin as a substrate, whereas type II enzyme showed the reverse substrate preference.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.191-199
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• 1990

Sarcoplasmic reticulum subfractions were isolated from rabbit sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles using ultracentrifugation in a continuous sucrose gradient (12.5% 50%) after French pressure treatment. And proteins in sarcoplasmic reticulum were detected by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and glycoproteins were identified through the reaction with 1251-concanavalin A.The electrophoresis showed that sarcoplasmic reticulum contained predominantly $Ca^2$+-AThase and calsequestrin along with high affinity calcium binding protein, intrinsic glycoprotein 160 Kd, 94 Kd, 80 Kd, 38 Kd, 34 Kd and 24 Kd proteins. Among these, the protein of about 80 Kd which has been known as one of heat shock proteins was especially enriched in the terminal cistemae of sarcoplasmic reticulum. Meanwhile, autoradiogram of 125 I-concanavalin A bound to the stained gels showed the distribution of glycoproteins which included 160 Kd glycoprotein, 94 Kd glycoprotein, calsequestrin and intrinsic glycoprotein Among these, the protein of about 160 Kd was especially enriched in longitudial sarcoplasmic reticulum and T-tubule, and the protein of about 94 Kd which has been known as one of glucose-regulated proteins was also enriched in T-tubule and sharply reduced in terminal cistemae.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 1978

Concanavalin-A, lectin extracted from Korean native plant “Banha”(Pine-llia Termata) and their conjugation products with tyrosine and 5-iodo-6-aminouracil were labelled by radioactive iodiae-125, and these labelled compounds were subjected to a hemagglutination test in vitro. The labelling procedures were presented with respect to labelling yield and the trends on the conjugation reaction of lectin with various amino acids were discussed. The preliminary results on the hemagglutination tests against cancer tissues were presented and the potential clinical applications of these labelled compounds were discussed.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.337-346
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• 2005

Objective: The oligosaccharide moieties of glycoproteins and proteoglycans have a vital function in blastocyst differentiation. Concanavalin (ConA), a lectin, is known to bind on the preimplantation embryos, especially on blastocyst. In this study, we investigated whether ConA can modulate the trophoblast development and about the regulating mediator. Also, we investigated whether expansion is enough for hatching procession of the mouse blastocyst. Method: Embryos were collected at 72 h post hCG injection and chemicals were treated after 24 h (96 hr post hCG injection). ConA or calcium ionophore A23187 were exposed to blastocyst and than analysis the developmental process for 48 hr. Intracellular free-$Ca^{2+}$ concentration in trophectoderm was measured with confocal laser microscope after exposing to ConA or calcium ionophore A23187. ConA-pretreated blastocyst exposed to the calcium ionophore A23187 and then analyzed the developmental process. Otherwise ouabain was treated to the blastocyst to block the $Na^+/K^+$-ATPase activity. Results: In contrast to the control blastocyst, the ConA-exposed blastocysts developed beyond the expansion stage with significantly high rate (90.4%) at 12 h post administration. ConA induced an increase the intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ concentration in trophectoderm. Calcium ionophore A23187 also stimulated expansion of blastocyst. Most of the control blastocysts developed to the hatching stage at 144 h post hCG injection. However, strongly 65% of the ConA-exposed embryos were arrested at expanded stage at same time point. The developmental progression rates to hatching stage of both ConA- and calcium ionophore A23187-expose blastocysts were significantly lower than that of the control. However ConA-pretreated embryos developed to the hatching stage like control embryos. Ouabain showed a tendency to delayed the progress to expansion stage but did not inhibit the development to the hatching stage. Conclusion: ConA-mediated expansion is the result of the increase of intracellular free-calcium in blastocyst stage embryo. It is suspected that expansion of the blasocyst is a essential indirect factor in hatching and the calcium may triggering the cellular mechanisms for the both expansion and hatching progression.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.27 no.12
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• pp.2241-2244
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• 2017

The structure of concanavalin A (ConA) has been studied intensively owing to its specific interactions with carbohydrates and its heterometal ($Ca^{2+}$ and $Mn^{2+}$) coordination. Most structures from X-ray crystallography have shown ConA as a dimer or tetramer, because the complex formation requires specific crystallization conditions. Here, we reported the monomeric structure of ConA with a resolution of $1.6{\AA}$, which revealed that metal coordination could trigger sugar-binding ability. The calcium coordination residue, Asn14, changed the orientation of carbohydrate-binding residues and biophysical details, including structural information, providing valuable clues for the development and application of detection kits using ConA.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.207-216
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• 1991

Pseudixus japonicus agglutinin (PJA) was isolated. And its characteristics were compared with those of concanavalin A (Con A). PJA is a glycopritein composed of 49.3% carbohydrate and 50.7% protein which had relatively high percentages of glutamic acid, aspartic acid and phenylalanine residues. The hemagglutinating activity of PJA was approximately one-eighth of that of Con A when tested with mouse crythrocytes. PJA failed to simulate the proliferation or transformation of human and mouse lymphocytes in contratst to Con A. PJA and Con A showed cytotoxicities against SNU-1 (human stomach cancer cells), SNU-CI (human colon cancer cells) and mouse Sarcoma 180 cells when tested by 3-(4, 5-dimethyl thiazol-2-yl)2. 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MIT) colorimetric assay. The antitumor activity of the lectin in vivo was also tested in Sarcoma 180 bearing mice. There was no significant difference in prologation of lifc span of the mice after the treatment with PJA and Con A for 10 consecutive days.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.585-589
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• 1994

The effects of T-2 toxin on mitogen-induced blastogenesis of chick splenic cells were investigated. The [$^3H$] thymidine incorporation in splenic cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide and concanavalin A were equally inhibited as the concentration of T-2 toxin was increased. The effective dose of T-2 toxin causing a 50% reduction of [$^3H$] thymidine incorporation was inbetween 1.0 and 5.0 ng/ml for both mitogens. Mitogen-induced blastogenesis in chick splenic cells showed differences among experimental groups with different exposure time of T-2 toxin, exhibiting the most inhibition in the experimental group exposed to T-2 toxin at both embryonic and chick periods.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.208-213
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• 1999

The effects of five lupane-triterpenoids from leaves of two Acanthopanax spp., chiisanogenin, chisanoside and $22{\alpha}-hydroxychiisanogenin$, acakoreoside A and acantrifoside A on the mitogen-induced proliferation were investigated in vitro. T cell proliferation (TCP) to concanavalin A (Con A) and the B cell proliferation (BCP) to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were increased by chiisanogenin. TCP to Con A was significantly increased by chiisanoside and acankoreoside A, but not affected by chiisanogenin, $22{\alpha}-hydroxychiisanogenin$ and acantrifoside A, BCP to LPS was significantly increased by acankoreoside A and acantrifoside A, and slightly increased by chiisanoside, chiisanogenin and $22{\alpha}-hydroxychiisanogenin$.

• Proceedings of the Ginseng society Conference
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• 1990.06a
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• pp.79-85
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• 1990

The aqueous extract of fresh ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) contains a macromolecular fraction that showed mitogenic and comitogenic activities in human peripheral blood Iymphocytes. Purification of the crude extract by size (ultrafiltration, Sephadex G-200) and charge (DEAE-cellulose. DEAE-Sepharose) yielded a semi-purified fraction (DS-3). This fraction contains at least three subgroups of anionic macromolecules with apparent molecular weight greater than 600 kilodaltons. It is a glycoprotein with a large amount of glucuronic acid. It acts as a mitogen in both T and B cells of human peripheral blood lymphocytes. It could also potentiate the mitogenic action of Concanavalin A in Iymphocyte T cells. Such potentiation is not due to increased binding of Concanavalin A to the cell surface. Its mitogenic and co-mitogenic effects do depend on the presence of extracellular Ca2+.