• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.81-88
• /
• 2016

Local anesthesia is administered to reduce pain during dental treatments, but may itself cause pain and contribute to increased dental fear. Computer-controlled local anesthetic delivery (CCLAD) is one the method to reduce patient pain during local anesthesia; it is a device that slowly administers anesthetics by using a computerized device to control the injection speed. This literature review aims to provide an objective assessment of the usefulness of CCLAD for controlling pain by reviewing papers published to date that have used CCLAD.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.65-69
• /
• 2018

Local anesthesia is administered to control pain, but it may induce fear and anxiety. Root planing is a non-surgical periodontal therapy; however, when it is performed in an extensive manner, some tissue removal is inevitable. Notably, this removal may be so painful that local anesthesia is required to be administered to the area scheduled for the treatment. Although patients tend to accept root planing easily, they frequently express a fear of local anesthesia. Intraosseous anesthesia (IA) is an intraosseous injection technique, whereby local anesthetic is injected into the cancellous bone supporting the teeth. A computer-controlled IA system (CIAS) exhibits multiple benefits, such as less painful anesthesia, reduced soft tissue numbness, and the provision of palatal or lingual, as well as buccal, anesthesia via single needle penetration. In this report, we present two cases of root planing that were performed under local anesthesia, using a CIAS.

• 대한치과마취과학회지
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.179-188
• /
• 2013

Background: Today, there are computer controlled local anesthesia devices used clinically. The main principle is to control injection speed by computer aided system, and it relieves pain. However, there are few objective data considering this subject. In this literature review, we researched studies about computer controlled anesthetic delivery. We compared pain control effect of computer controlled to conventional local anesthetic syringe system. Methods: A bibliographic search in PubMed was performed and we reviewed original articles. Results: There were 18 publications that compared pain control effect of computer controlled to conventional system. There were 8 articles reported of children, similar pain control effect was found in 7 of them. One study showed superior pain control effect of computer controlled anesthetic delivery. For adults, 10 studies showed superior pain control effect in computer aided system. Conclusions: Computer controlled anesthetic delivery has similar or superior pain control effect compared to conventional local anesthetic syringe system. For both children and adults, computer controlled anesthetic delivery could be clinically useful, still it may be more effective for adults.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.197-204
• /
• 2018

Pain control by means of local anesthesia is an intrinsic part of clinical practice in dentistry. Several studies evaluated intraligamental anesthesia using a computer-controlled anesthetic device in children. There is a need to provide a clinical guide for the use of computerized intraligamental anesthesia in children. Intraligamental anesthesia using a computer-controlled anesthetic device was found to cause significantly lower pain perception scores and lower pain-related behavior than traditional techniques. This device proven to be effective in restorative and pulp treatment in children; however, its effectiveness in primary teeth extraction is controversial. It is important to withdraw recommendations necessity of future studies concerning the side effects of computerized intraligamental anesthesia in children. The present study aims to review different clinical aspects of computerized intraligamental anesthesia in children along with the side-effects, type of local anesthesia and postoperative pain of this technique. This study provides dentists with a clinical guide for the use of computerized intraligamental anesthesia.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.245-264
• /
• 2024

Computer-controlled local anesthesia delivery (CCLAD) is an innovative electronic injection device that represents a cutting-edge approach to dental anesthesia. This system is promising for painless anesthesia using controlled anesthetic injections. This review aimed to compare the discomfort experienced by patients during local anesthesia using a traditional syringe and the CCLAD system and evaluate the potential of the CCLAD system as a painless dental anesthesia solution. The inclusion criteria for this study were based on the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. The study population, including children and adults, underwent dental anesthesia using the CCLAD system, ensuring a comprehensive and representative sample that instills confidence in the validity of the results. Fourteen clinical trials were included in the analysis after they fulfilled the eligibility criteria. We found that using computer-assisted anesthetic equipment not only led to a significantly lower pain perception score, but also had a profound positive impact on patient behavior. Patients using the CCLAD device exhibited more cooperative and helpful conduct, indicating the system's effectiveness in improving patient comfort and experience and reassuring the audience about its positive impact. In conclusion, using a computer-assisted anesthetic device such as the CCLAD system significantly reduced pain perception scores and improved patient behavior, making them more cooperative and helpful. These findings offer hope for pediatric dentistry and apprehensive adult patients, suggesting a more comfortable and less daunting dental experience with the CCLAD system.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
• /
• 제18권6호
• /
• pp.367-373
• /
• 2018

Background: Fear of local anesthesia (LA) is a significant impediment to dental care as many patients delay or avoid treatment to avert pain. Computer-controlled local anesthetic delivery system (CCLAD), with constant and controlled rate of flow, present a painless alternative. The present study aimed to compare anxiety and pain perceived with conventional and computerized systems, for different stages of anesthesia delivery when administering various nerve blocks. Methods: One hundred patients requiring bilateral LA participated in the study. One side was anesthetized using one system and the contralateral side was anesthetized using the other, in two separate appointments. Patients assigned anxiety scores on a 5-point scale and used the visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain determination at needle insertion, during delivery of anesthetic solution, immediately after injection, and at the end of the periodontal procedure. Each patient's preference for the delivery system of future injections was also recorded. Results: Patients reported significantly lower anxiety levels with CCLAD compared to the syringe. Significantly lower mean VAS scores for anesthesia deposition, pain immediately after, and at the end of the periodontal procedure were also noted. However, pain at needle insertion was comparable between the two systems, with no statistical significance. Overall, 64.4% patients preferred CCLAD for future anesthesia. Conclusion: Lower pain perceived with CCLAD and higher preference for the system suggest that CCLAD should replace conventional syringes to allow pain-free dental treatment.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.161-171
• /
• 2024

The efficient management of pain and discomfort is essential for successful dental treatment and patient compliance. Dental professionals are commonly evaluated for their ability to perform treatment with minimal patient discomfort. Despite advancements in traditional local dental anesthesia techniques, the pain and discomfort associated with injections remain a concern. This scoping review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the literature on novel dental anesthetics and associated devices designed to alleviate pain and discomfort during dental procedures. The Joanna Briggs Institute and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines were used to prepare the review. Six databases and two sources of gray literature were searched. This review analyzed 107 sources from 1994 to 2023. Local anesthesia devices were grouped into computer-controlled local anesthetic delivery (CCLAD) systems, intraosseous anesthesia (IOA), vibratory stimulation devices, and electronic dental anesthesia (EDA). CCLAD systems, particularly the Wand and Single-Tooth Anesthesia, have been the most researched, with mixed results regarding their effectiveness in reducing pain during needle insertion compared to traditional syringes. However, CCLAD systems often demonstrated efficacy in reducing pain during anesthetic deposition, especially during palatal injections. Limited studies on IOA devices have reported effective pain alleviation. Vibrating devices have shown inconsistent results in terms of pain reduction, with some studies suggesting their primary benefit is during needle insertion rather than during the administration phase. EDA devices are effective in reducing discomfort but have found limited applicability. These findings suggest that the CCLAD systems reduce injection pain and discomfort. However, the evidence for other devices is limited and inconsistent. The development and research of innovative technologies for reducing dental pain and anxiety provides opportunities for interdisciplinary collaboration and improved patient care in dental practice.

• 대한치과의사협회지
• /
• 제56권1호
• /
• pp.58-65
• /
• 2018

Dental local anesthesia is important procedure for the elimination of pain during dental treatment. However, the pain during local anesthesia is one of the main source of fear to the patients. The cause of pain during dental local anesthesia includes soft tissue damage during penetration of the oral mucosa, pressure from the spread of the anesthetic solution, temperature of anesthetic solution, low pH of anesthetic solution, and the characteristics of the drug. Several concepts and devices introduced to date to reduce the pain during local anesthesia for dental treatment. In this report, devices that can reduce the pain during local anesthesia will be discussed.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
• /
• 제18권5호
• /
• pp.287-294
• /
• 2018

Mandibular third molar extraction is commonly performed in dental clinics. However, the optimal method of anesthesia has not been established for this procedure. The conventional inferior alveolar nerve block is the most widely used method. However, its success rate is not high and it may lead to complications, such as aspiration and nerve injury. Therefore, various anesthesia methods are being investigated. Articaine has been proven to be efficacious in a number of studies and is being used with increasing frequency in clinical practice. In this review article, we will briefly review various local anesthesia techniques, anesthetics, and a computer-controlled local anesthetic delivery (CCLAD) system, which reduces pain by controlling the speed of drug injection, for mandibular third molar extraction.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.135-141
• /
• 2019

Background: The fear of needle insertion and pain during anesthesia is a source of patient dissatisfaction in dentistry. Inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) remains the most common type of block and is in itself painful. Computer-controlled local anesthetic delivery (CCLAD) has been proven to reduce the pain associated with injection of anesthetics in various blocks. However, the efficacy of CCLAD for IANB in adults remains unknown. Methods: Sixty-four adult patients requiring bilateral IANB were selected and divided into two groups: group A (50 patients receiving IANB via CCLAD) and group B (50 patients receiving IANB using a conventional cartridge syringe). Pain perception and patient comfort were assessed using the visual analog scale and the 5-point semantic scale, respectively. Results: The pain perception was compared between the two groups using the Mann-Whitney U-test, and the P value was 0.003. The patient comfort was also compared using the same test, and the P value was 0.484. Conclusion: A significant difference was observed in the pain perception of the patients during CCLAD. The patient comfort was grossly equal for both techniques.