• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.97-100
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• 1997

We treated a 56 year old male ailing of painful herpetic eruption on his 2nd, 3rd and 4th left cervical spinal segment. On the 18th day, patient also suffered an abrupt left facial palsy, accompanied with ongoing postherpetic neuralgia even though the skin eruption had been cured. This patient visited our pain clinic on his 46th day of illness and was teated with continuous cervical epidural block for 9 days, and stellate ganglion block plus oral analgesics and antidepressant for 12 days. The combination of treatments resulted in marked improvement of facial palsy and postherpetic neuralgia. A possible explanation of facial palsy accompanied with herpes zoster on cervical spinal segment could be related to Hunt's hypothesis that geniculate ganglion forms a chain connecting the high cervical ganglion below. Another possibility may be related to a compression injury of the facial nerve by long-term severe edema on the soft tissue of the face, the periauricular area and parotid gland around the facial nerve, and edema on the facial nerve itself emerging out from the cranium.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.455-458
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• 2006

The incidence of blindness after aneurysm surgery is very rare. We experienced a case of unilateral blindness after internal carotid artery[ICA] aneurysm wrapping. A 43-year-old male immediately developed ipsilateral ocular pain and visual loss in his left eye after the treatment of a lateral ICA aneurysm by wrapping with muscle pieces. He had also multiple aneurysms, which were multilobulated anterior communicating artery [A-com], middle cerebral artery[MCA] and posterior communicating artery [P-com] aneurysms. Coilings were done for a part of A-com artery aneurysm and P-com artery aneurysm on admission. The remaining A-com artery aneurysm was clipped and ICA aneurysm was wrapped with temporal muscle piece. A retrobulbar optic neuropathy might have resulted from either direct injury or damage to small dural vessels of the posterior optic nerve. Actually, the optico-carotid space was tight and the optic nerve was compressed by swollen muscle piece. Despite releasing of compression of the optic nerve on second day, his visual loss was irreversible.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.213-216
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• 2005

Objective: We report six patients with traumatic intracerebellar hematomas between 1997 and 2003 at our hospitals. Methods: Each data about patients' clinicoradiologic findings, management, and outcomes, which were retrospectively reviewed. Results: All patients had skull fracture on occiput and five patients with large hematomas(three cm or greater) were operated on. In the results of surgery, three patients were good outcome but two patients were fatal due to compression of brain stem. One patient with small hematoma (1.5cm) was treated conservatively and recovered. Conclusion: In our cases, the clinical course and prognosis of traumatic intracerebellar hematoma were grave. The results of this study support that early diagnosis based on strict observation in patients with occipital fracture will lead to best results.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.246-248
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• 2009

Atlantoaxial rotatory fixation (AARF) in adult is a rare disorder that occurs followed by a trauma. The patients were presented with painful torticollis and a typical 'cock robin' position of the head. The clinical diagnosis is generally difficult and often made in the late stage. In some cases, an irreducible or chronic fixation develops. We reported a case of AARF in adult patient which was treated by immobilization with conservative treatment. A 25-year-old female was presented with a posterior neck pain and limitation of motion of cervical spine after a traffic accident. She had no neurological deficit but suffered from severe defect on the scalp and multiple thoracic compression fractures. Plain radiographs demonstrated torticollis, lateral shift of odontoid process to one side and widening of one side of C1-C2 joint space. Immobilization with a Holter traction were performed and analgesics and muscle relaxants were given. Posterior neck pain and limitation of the cervical spine' motion were resolved. Plain cervical radiographs taken at one month after the injury showed that torticollis disappeared and the dens were in the midline position. The authors reported a case of type I post-traumatic AARF that was successfully treated by immobilization alone.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.141-145
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• 2014

Vertebral artery (VA) injuries usually accompany cervical trauma. Although these injuries are commonly asymptomatic, some result in vertebrobasilar infarction. The symptoms of VA occlusion have been reported to usually manifest within 24 hours after trauma. The symptoms of bilateral VA occlusions seem to be more severe and seem to occur with shorter latencies than those of unilateral occlusions. A 48-year-old man had a C3-4 fracture-dislocation with spinal cord compression that resulted from a traffic accident. After surgery, his initial quadriparesis gradually improved. However, he complained of sudden headache and dizziness on the 5th postoperative day. His motor weakness was abruptly aggravated. Radiologic evaluation revealed an infarction in the occipital lobe and cerebellum. Cerebral angiography revealed complete bilateral VA occlusion. We administered anticoagulation therapy. After 6 months, his weakness had only partially improved. This case demonstrates that delayed infarction due to bilateral VA occlusion can occur at latencies as long as 5 days. Thus, we recommend that patients with cervical traumas that may be accompanied by bilateral VA occlusion should be closely observed for longer than 5 days.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.251-254
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• 2005

Rhabdomyolysis is a syndrome resulting from skeletal muscle injury with release of muscle cell contents into the plasma. It has been reported as a cause of acute renal failure(ARF), and often associated with alcohol abuse, muscle compression, infections, and generalized seizure. Rhabdomyolysis-induced ARF is rare in children. We experienced a case of rhabdomyolysis-induced ARF in a 12-year-old boy who presented with azotemia and oliguria secondary to convulsion. After the control of convulsion by antiepileptic drugs, the daily urine output gradually increased and systemic features recovered with appropriate hydration and alkalinization. (J Korean Soc Pediatr Nephrol 2005;9:251-254)

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.144-155
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• 1999

An occupant analysis code SAFE (Safety Analysis For occupant crash Environment) is utilized to simulate and improve the crash performance of an energy absorbing steering system. The safety standard FMVSS 203 is simulated and used for design evaluations . Segments and contact elliposids are utilized to model the bod blocks and the components of the steering system with SAFE. Spring-damper elements and force-deflection characteristics are utilized to model the energy absorbing components such as the plate and the polyacetal molding. The plate absorbs the impact energy through tensile deformation . Whereas, the polyacetal molding absorbs the impact energy through compression. the body block test is carried out to validate tie simulation model, and real component tests are performed to extract the force-deflection curves . After the model is validated , the parameter study is carried out to evaluate the crash performance of the energy absorbing components. A performance measure is defined for the parameter study. Using the results of the parameter study and managing the orthogonal arrays, optimum design values of energy absorbing components are determined to minize the occupant injury.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.141-145
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• 2010

Purpose: Understanding elbow biomechanics is necessary to understand the pathophysiologic mechanism of elbow injury and to provide a scientific basis for clinical practice. This article provides a summary of key concepts that are relevant to understanding common elbow injuries and their management. Materials and Methods: The biomechanics of the elbow joint can be divided into kinematics, stability and force transmission through the elbow joint. Active and passive stabilizers include bony articular geometry; soft tissues provide joint stability, compression force and motion. Results and Conclusion: Knowledge of elbow biomechanics will help (i) advance surgical procedures and trauma management, (ii) develop new elbow prostheses and (iii) stimulate future research.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.48-51
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• 2016

Milk-alkali syndrome (MAS), a triad of hypercalcemia, metabolic alkalosis, and renal failure, is associated with ingestion of large amounts of calcium and absorbable alkali. MAS is the third most common cause of hypercalcemia in hospital, after primary hyperparathyroidism and malignant neoplasm. MAS is not often reported in the Korean literature. We describe MAS secondary to intake of calcium citrate for the treatment of osteoporosis with thoracic spine compression fracture. A 70-year-old man presented to our hospital with a 1-week history of general weakness and lethargy. He was found with acute kidney injury (serum creatinine, 4.6 mg/dL), hypercalcemia (total calcium, 14.8 mg/dL), and alkalosis. Laboratory evaluation excluded both hyperparathyroidism and malignancy. Mental status and serum calcium level was normalized within a week after proper hydration and intravenous administration of furosemide. However, he developed aspiration pneumonia, pseudomembranous colitis, and sepsis with multi-organ failure. Despite intensive treatment including inotropics, mechanical ventilation, and renal replacement therapy, he expired with no signs of renal recovery on the 28th hospital day.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.38-43
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• 1977

With the adevance of widespread mechanization and high-speed era, the incidence of traumatic rupture of the tracheobronchial tree has been increased considerably. We have experienced these diseased of the 3 cases in our department. The first case was a 25 year old male who was severe dyspneic and subcutaneous emphysema, hemoptysis, and hemopneumothorax of both side were noted. During tracheostomy, it was found that the 2net ring of the trachea was ruptured. No definitive procedure was made on admission. Corrective surgery was performed with end-to-end anastomosis on 31 post-traumatic day. The second case was a 43 year old female who received multiple stab wounds on the anterior neck and it was found that the cricoid cartilage was transected partially. The injured cartilage was approximated with interrupted suture of No. 600 wire. The third case was a 19 year old male who had sustained a compression chest injury without external wound or rib fracture. At five days after trauma, he had suffered from dyspnea, and obstruction of the left main bronchus due to traumatic bronchial rupture was confirmed by means of bronchoscopy and bronchography at two weeks after the trauma. End-to-end anastomosis of the bronchus was performed and the left lung was aerated well. Mild postoperative stenosis of trachea was remained in the first case. Others were uneventful.