• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.69-78
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• 2020

Although there have been studies investigating the clinical effects of warm needling (WN) for specific diseases, a comprehensive review of WN is needed. Four Korean internet databases were used in the review of WN treatment performed in Korea. The search terms used to retrieve articles were "warm needling (in Korean; 온침)," "warm acupuncture," and "warm needle." A total of 29 articles were reviewed. The following aspects of WN were investigated: language and terminology, study design, use of Standards for Reporting Interventions in Clinical Trials of Acupuncture, research ethics, moxibustion types, number of moxa used, moxa combustion time, needle retention time, treatment time and frequency, acupoints, meridians, acupuncture size and depth, disease classification, pattern identification, outcome measures, and adverse effect. More sophisticated and precise studies on WN are required.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.809-818
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• 2005

Comprehensive environmental impact of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) was evaluated with life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology based on ISO 14040. As environmental impact assessment method, Eco-indicator 95 and Eco-indicator 99 were used. The studied WWTP had a capacity of $100,000m^3/d$, and its life span of civil structure and main machinery was designed to 40 years and 20 years, respectively. As the results, more than 95% of environmental impact was produced by using electricity and chemical use in operation stage. In construction stage, temporary shoring facility was the major reason of environmental load, however, its impact was much less than those by operation utilities.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.51 no.11
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• pp.586-594
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• 2013

The critical factors affecting the esthetics of anterior implants can be summarized as following: 1) Correct positioning of implant fixture 2) Enough amount of alveolar bone 3) Optimum volume of soft tissue. The position of implant is probably the most important factor in obtaining esthetic treatment outcome. The 3-dimensional orientation of implant is determined by the position on the alveolar ridge and its direction. Clinicians often try to mimic natural teeth when fabricating restorations. During the course of esthetic diagnosis and treatment, however, one should not forget to consider the correlation between facial pattern, lips, gingiva, alveolar ridge, as well as remaining dentition. Since anterior region is biologically unfavorable when compared with posterior region, one minor discrepancy in positioning of implant can cause esthetically undesirable treatment outcome. If one understands the biological and prosthetic meaning of implant's 3-dimensional position, he or she can achieve superior esthetic outcome in anterior region.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.68-75
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• 2013

Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) belongs to the most malignant and rapidly progressive human thyroid cancers and its prognosis is very poor. Also, it shows high resistance to cancer treatments, so that effective treatment for ATC has not been found to date, and virtually all patients terminate their life rapidly after diagnosis. Although targeted treatment of genetic alterations has emerged as an extremely promising approach to human cancers, such as BRAF in metastatic melanoma, it remains unclear that how commonly genomic alterations are influenced in ATC tumorigenesis. In recent years, genome wide approaches have been exploited to find genetic alterations associated with complex diseases, including cancer. Here, we reviewed the comprehensive genetic alterations in ATC and recent approaches in the context of identifying genomic alterations associated with ATC. Since surprisingly few reports have been published on the genome wide study of ATC, this review puts emphasis on the urgent needs of genomic research for the prevention and treatment of ATC.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.3-10
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• 2006

Depression is the leading cause of disease-related disability among women. Postpartal depression (PPD) can produce substantial clinical, economic, and psychosocial impairment, not only for the women experiencing it but also for the women's children and family. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding the accurate detection and appropriate treatment of depression is mandatory in women of childbearing age. This review focused on the current knowledge of PPD.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.38-45
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• 2021

Subtalar joint instability (STI) is one of the causes of persistent hindfoot pain even after treatment for ankle instability. Diagnosis of STI is often neglected because it is a poorly understood concept. However, understanding of the anatomy and injury mechanism of the subtalar joint is a prerequisite of appropriate treatment. Patients with STI usually complain of several symptoms, such as recurrent sprains or a giving way sensation and rolling over. Recently, various diagnostic tools and treatment methods have been investigated. This study was undertaken with the aim of helping clinicians by providing a comprehensive understanding of STI.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.109-119
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• 2024

Varicose veins usually present in the superficial veins of the lower extremities and are one of the main clinical presentations of chronic venous disease (CVD). Patients' symptoms may vary according to the pathophysiology, location, and severity of CVD. The prevalence of CVD in Korea has been increasing gradually. However, due to its broad clinical spectrum and the subjective nature of its diagnosis using ultrasound, discrepancies in diagnostic and treatment quality may exist among treating physicians. There have been recent efforts to improve the quality of the diagnosis and treatment of varicose veins in Korea by standardizing the diagnostic criteria and the indications for treatment. This study is a comprehensive review of the clinical manifestations and diagnostic criteria of CVD based on the most recent international and domestic guidelines and reports.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.276-285
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• 2024

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a systemic disorder of energy metabolism characterized by a sustained elevation of blood glucose in conjunction with impaired insulin action in multiple peripheral tissues (i.e., insulin resistance). Although extensive research has been conducted to identify therapeutic targets for the treatment of DM, its global prevalence and associated mortailty rates are still increasing, possibly because of challenges related to long-term adherence, limited efficacy, and undesirable side effects of currently available medications, implying an urgent need to develop effective and safe pharmacotherapies for DM. Phytochemicals have recently drawn attention as novel pharmacotherapies for DM based on their clinical relevance, therapeutic efficacy, and safety. Ginsenosides, pharmacologically active ingredients primarily found in ginseng, have long been used as adjuvants to traditional medications in Asian countries and have been reported to exert promising therapeutic efficacy in various metabolic diseases, including hyperglycemia and diabetes. This review summarizes the current pharmacological effects of ginsenosides and their mechanistic insights for the treatment of insulin resistance and DM, providing comprehensive perspectives for the development of novel strategies to treat DM and related metabolic complications.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.291-300
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• 2024

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), a congenital genetic disorder, is a notable contributor to the prevalence of chronic kidney disease worldwide. Despite the absence of a complete cure, ongoing research aims for early diagnosis and treatment. Although agents such as tolvaptan and mTOR inhibitors have been utilized, their effectiveness in managing the disease during its initial phase has certain limitations. This review aimed to explore new targets for the early diagnosis and treatment of ADPKD, considering ongoing developments. We particularly focus on cell polarity, which is a key factor that influences the process and pace of cyst formation. In addition, we aimed to identify agents or treatments that can prevent or impede the progression of renal fibrosis, ultimately slowing its trajectory toward end-stage renal disease. Recent advances in slowing ADPKD progression have been examined, and potential therapeutic approaches targeting multiple pathways have been introduced. This comprehensive review discusses innovative strategies to address the challenges of ADPKD and provides valuable insights into potential avenues for its prevention and treatment.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.108-113
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• 2023

Dyspnea is a common symptom among patients with gastrointestinal cancer, and a comprehensive evaluation of their respiratory function is essential. Self-reporting aids in the assessment of the degree of dyspnea, while objective examination methods are performed to identify the potential underlying causes when subjective symptoms are present. Standard treatment protocols should be followed for potentially reversible and common causes of dyspnea, such as pleural effusion, pneumonia, airway obstruction, anemia, asthma, exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary thromboembolism, or drug-induced interstitial lung disease. Careful and close monitoring is required due to the high frequency of pulmonary thromboembolism and the risk of cardiovascular accidents, drug-induced interstitial lung disease, or other complications from some anticancer drugs. In case of hypoxemia with an oxygen saturation of 90% or less, palliative treatment should comprise standard oxygen therapy such as nasal cannula, mask, or high-flow nasal cannula. If non-pharmacological oxygen therapy is not effective, pain control through systemic narcotic analgesics and anti-anxiety therapy with benzodiazepines may be helpful.