• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제36권10호
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• pp.1022-1029
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• 2003

This study was undertaken to evaluate the antitumor activities of Cordyceps militaris of silkworm pupa (CMP) and silkworm larva (CML), as compared with the effect of cordycepin, an active compound found in Cordyceps militaris. Antiproliferation effect of the test materials were evaluated in the sarcoma-180 cells using the MTT test. For the in vivo study, ICR mice were inoculated i.p. with 1.0 ${\times}$ 10$^{6}$ sarcoma-180 cells/mouse on Day 0, and were again i.p. injected with one of the following substances from Day 1 to Day 10 : saline (control group), 50 mg/kg (CMP50, CML50) ,100 ma/kg (CMP100, CML100), or 200 mg/kg (CMP200, CML200) of Cordyceps militaris water extracts, or 1 mg/kg (C1), 2 mg/kg (C2), or 4 mg/kg (C4) of cordycepin. Pretreatment of the sarcoma-180 cells with 100 mg/ml, 500 mg/ml, and 1000 mg/ml of CML (60.1$\pm$2.5％, 49.8$\pm$3.7％, and 45.4$\pm$0.1％ of the value for untreated control cells, respectively) or CMP (68.3$\pm$2.1％, 55.1$\pm$0.9％, and 51.4$\pm$3.5％ of the value for control cells, respectively) for 48 hrs significantly decreased the survival rate (proliferation) of tumor cells (p<0.05). Body weight of the control mice bearing ascites tumor and injected with saline was 1.4 times of the value for normal animals at day 18. Mice bearing ascites tumor and injected with cordycepin (1, 2, or 4 mg/kg) exhibited a significantly lighter body weight compared with the control mice, while animals injected with CMP or CML (50, 100, or 200 mg/kg) showed a significantly lighter body weight compared with the mice injected with cordycepin. Mice injected with CMP50, CMP100, or CMP200 mg/kg (or CML50, CML100, or CML200 mg/kg) showed a 133％ (or 90％), 80％ (or 62％), and 68％ (or 52％) longer mean survival time, and those treated with C1, C2, or C4 exhibited a 54％, 91％ and 80％ longer survival time compared to the value for control mice injected with saline. These results indicate that the hot-water extracts of Cordyceps militaris of both silkworm pupa and silkworm larva have an anti-proliferation effect of tumor cells as well as the life prolongation effect in mice bearing ascites tumor, which are superior to the activities of cordycepin.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.110-116
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• 2016

소나무 뿌리로부터 phenolic compounds를 추출 후 생리활성을 검정하여 기능성 소재로 활용가능성을 살펴보았다. 동송근에 함유된 페놀성 물질은 물과 80% ethanol을 용매로하여 24시간 이상 추출하였을 때 각각 1.86 mg/g, 6.85mg/g 함량을 나타내었다. 추출물의 phenolic 농도를 $50{\sim}200{\mu}g/mL$로 조절하여 DPPH를 측정한 결과, 물 추출물과 ethanol 추출물 $100{\mu}g/mL$ phenolics 농도에서 각각 86%, 85%였고, ABTS radical decolorization은 물 추출물과 ethanol 추출물에서 각각 48%, 68%였다. Antioxidant protection factor는 $50{\mu}g/mL$ phenolics 농도에서 물 추출물과 ethanol 추출물에서 각각 1.74 PF와 1.96 PF로 측정되었으며, TBARs값은 $100{\mu}g/mL$ phenolics농도에서 물 추출물이 93%, ethanol 추출물에서 98%를 나타내었다. Xanthine oxidase 저해능은 물 추출물과 ethanol 추출물에서 각각 84%, 80%로 측정되었으며, ${\alpha}$-glucosidase 저해능은 ethanol 추출물에서만 92%의 높은 효능을 보였다. 이러한 결과로 보아 동송근 추출물이 항산화활성 또는 기능성 식품소재로서 활용이 가능할 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.429-433
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 땅콩의 resveratrol에 대한 체계적인 연구를 위하여 고속액체크로마토그래피HPLC)를 이용한 땅콩의 trans-resveratrol 분석체계 확립과 품종 및 생육시기별 trans-resveratrol 함량 변화를 구명하여 금후 고부가가치 고함유 기능성 품종개발의 기초 자료로 활용하고자 수행한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. HPLC를 이용한 trans-resveratrol 분석조건은 컬럼은 Xterra $\textrm{C}_{18}$, 이동상 용매조성은 (A) glacial acetic acid DCW(52.6 : 900)과 (B) acetonitril solution A(80:20), 용매흐름속도는 1.1 ml/min, 검출기는 UV-Vis detector 308 nm 이었다. 2. 땅콩에서 trans-resveratrol 추출시 추출용매의 경우 80%EtOH과 80%MeOH이 유의차가 없었고, 추출온도의 경우에도 온도간 유의성이 인정되지 않았으며, ICH guideline에 따른 안전성과 경제성을 고려한 trans-resveratrol의 최적추출 조건은 80% EtOH, $25^{\circ}C$, 45분이었다. 3. 땅콩 품종별 trans-resveratrol 함량 분포범위는 0.018-1.125 $\mu\textrm{g}/\textrm{g}$으로 품종별 유의차가 있었으나, 초형과 립 크기에 따른 trans-resveratrol 함량은 일정한 경향을 보이지 않았다. 4. 종실과 종피를 포함한 종실의 trans-resverarol함량은 종실(0.152-0.305 $\mu\textrm{g}/\textrm{g}$) 보다 종피를 포함한 종실(0.188-0.345 $\mu\textrm{g}/\textrm{g}$)에서 더 높았다. 5. 생육시기별 trans-resveratrol 함량은 신남광땅콩(0.227$\mu\textrm{g}/\textrm{g}$ 대광땅콩(0.418 $\mu\textrm{g}/\textrm{g}$)은 파종 후 110일에 팔광땅콩(0.486 $\mu\textrm{g}/\textrm{g}$)과 밀양16호(0.441 $\mu\textrm{g}/\textrm{g}$)는 파종 후 130일에 가장 높았다.

• 셀메드
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.5.1-5.4
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• 2018

Pharmacopuncture, or herbal acupuncture, is a new form of therapy derived from combinations of two traditional therapeutic methods, herbal medicine and acupuncture therapy. To compare the efficacy between loratadine-pharmacopuncture (LP) and loratadine-oral administration (LO), the effect of loratadine was investigated in murine models. Anti-anaphylactic effects of loratadine treatments were investigated in compound 48/80-induced systemic anaphylactic reaction and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA). LP treatment significantly inhibited the compound 48/80-induced systemic anaphylactic reaction and PCA. The effect between LP and LO were on a similar level. These results indicate that LP can be used as an alternative method for LO in case of emergency.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.453-466
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• 2006

효율적인 악취방지책을 수립하고 시행하는 것은 지속가능한 축산 뿐만 아니라 증가되는 악취 민원과 더욱 엄격해지는 법규에 대응하기 위해 필수적이다. 본 연구는 돈분뇨의 처리방법에 따른 액상분뇨 유래 악취 및 처리방법이 다른 액상분뇨를 토양에 살포시 발생하는 악취 및 악취물질을 평가하기 위하여 수행되었다. 시험에 사용된 액상분뇨는 신선 분뇨, 혐기성 소화 액상분뇨 및 고온 호기성 소화 액상분뇨를 이용하였고, 토양 특성이 다른 논/밭 토양을대상으로 총 6처리 5반복 설계 배치하였다. 시료 포집은 관능법과 기기분석법에 사용될 시료를 각각 주사기와 테들러 백을 이용하여 액상분뇨와 액상분뇨를 살포한 토양의 상부공간에서 채취하였다. 악취 분석은 관능법을 이용하여 악취강도 및 불쾌도를 평가하였고, 기기분석법으로는 질소화합물 악취물질인 암모니아를 흡광광도법, 황화합물 악취물질인 황화수소, 메틸머캅탄, 다이메틸설파이드 및 다이메틸다이설파이드를 GC-PFPD를 이용하여 분석하였다. 처리과정이 다른 액상분뇨의 악취 및 악취물질 발생 평가에서 고온 호기성 소화 액상분뇨가 신선 분뇨 및 혐기성 소화 액상분뇨에 비해 악취강도, 불쾌도 및 악취농도 저감 효과가 매우 두드러지게 나타났으며 통계적으로도 유의적인 차이가 인정되었다. 혐기성 소화 액상분뇨와 고온 호기성 소화 액상분뇨에서 발생되는 황화수소, 메틸머캅탄, 다이메틸설파이드, 다이메틸다이설파이드 및 암모니아의 평균농도는 각각 65.93 : 5.15 ppb, 18.55 : 0.97ppb, 5.26 : 0.80ppb, 0.33 : 0.56ppb 및 10.57 : 1.34ppm으로 분석되었다. 액상분뇨를 밭과 논 토양에 살포시 혐기성 소화 액상분뇨와 고온 호기성 소화 액상분뇨가 각각 51～94% 및 22～91%의 암모니아 저감 효율을 나타내었다. 본 시험의 결과를 종합할 때 고온 호기성 소화 액상분뇨가 악취 저감이라는 측면에서 다른 처리방법에 비해 우수한 것으로 나타났으며, 액상분뇨의 토양환원에서 발생되는 악취문제는 액상분뇨의 처리방법에 따른 악취발생 정도와 직접적인 연관이 있다고 사료된다.

• 분석과학
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.136-142
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• 2022

안락사 시킨 유기견의 사체를 고온 및 고압 처리하여 가루로 만들고 사료 원료(육골분)로 사용했다는 언론보도에 따라 안락사에 사용된 마취제 케타민과 덱스메데토미딘의 사료 내 잔류가능성이 제기되었다. 이에 신속한 잔류 조사를 위해 QuEChERS 전처리와 질량분석기를 이용한 동시분석법을 개발하였다. 개발된 동시분석법의 직선성은 0.999 이상을 보였다. 선택성은 무처리 시료와 케타민과 덱스메데토미딘이 정량한계수준으로 처리된 시료의 비교를 통해 평가하였고, MRM 크로마토그램을 확인한 결과 각각의 머무름 시간에서 매질의 간섭은 없었다. 검출한계는 0.6 ㎍/L, 정량한계는 2 ㎍/L로 설정하였으며, 분석법의 최종 정량한계는 10 ㎍/kg로 설정하였다. 육골분, 육분, 애완용 배합사료 중 케타민의 회수율 실험 결과, 80.48-98.63 %, 상대표준편차 5.00 % 이하의 결과를 보였으며, 덱스메데토미딘은 회수율 72.75-93.00 %, 상대표준편차 4.83 % 이하의 결과를 보였다. 개발된 분석법을 활용하여 케타민과 덱스메데토미딘의 잔류실태조사를 실시하였다. 해당 원료가 배포된 시기에 제조된 육골분 등의 사료 6 점을 수거하여 분석한 결과, 육골분 시료 한점에서 케타민이 10.8 ㎍/kg이 검출되었고, 덱스메데토미딘은 정량 한계 미만의 농도로 확인되었다. 이에 해당 원료를 사용한 제품은 전량 회수, 폐기되었다. 이후에도 육골분 사료의 안전성 확보를 위해 육골분 및 배합사료 등의 시료 32점을 추가로 수거하여 케타민과 덱스메데토미딘에 대한 잔류 조사를 실시 하였고, 분석결과 두 성분 모두 검출되지 않았다. 하지만 이번 조사를 통해 마취제 같은 의약품들이 고온 및 고압에도 분해되지 않고 잔류할 수 있다는 사실을 확인하였고, 이에 따라 육골분 사료에서 관리하고 있지 않은 다른 잠재적 유해물질들에 대한 조사의 필요성이 제기되었다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.1118-1126
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to examine the anti allergic effect in vivo and in vitro, and to observe single and four weeks repeated toxicity in mice of Bangpung-galgeun-tang (BGT). We investigated anti DNP IgE-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in rodents and compound 48/80-induced active systemic anaphylatic shock in mice after oral administration with BGT of 0.4 g/kg and 0.8 g/kg for 8 days, and also examined MTT assay, ${\beta}-hexosaminidase$ activity, IL-4 and $TNF-{\alpha}$ from RBL-2H3 and $TNF-{\alpha}$ from Raw264.7 after pre-treatment with BGT of 0.25 mg/ml, 0.5 mg/ml, 1 mg/ml and 2 mg/ml. To ascertain safety and toxicity of BGT, we divided into single and four weeks repeated administration test. In single test, three groups were administrated different dosages and routes (2 g/kg/i.p., 4 g/kg/i.p. and 15 g/kg /p.o.) of BGT, and in four weeks repeated test, 0.8 g/kg BGT was administrated. Control groups were administrated with only saline according to on Korean Food and Drug Administration, respectively. We observed attentively motality, abnormal clinical sign, body weight change, organ weight, AST and ALT of mice after BGT administration. BGT inhibited passive cutaneous anaphylaxis and active systemic anaphylatic shock by oral administration. All the concentrations of BGT from 0.25 to 2 mg/ml didn't have an effect on cell viability and cytotoxicity. In RBL-2H3, ${\beta}-hexosaminidase$ release, IL-4 and $TNF-{\alpha}$, and in Raw264.7, $TNF-{\alpha}$ were significantly reduced by treated all concentrations of BGT. During toxicity experiment period, there was no difference in body weight change, organ weight, AST and ALT among different dose groups. Death were found 3 mice from day 2 to day 3 in single test i.p. group. (2 g/kg, 4 g/kg). Several individuals of single test i.p. group were observed that decreased locomotor activity, exophthalmos, bloodshot eyes, loss of eyesight and so on in early period after administration. But there was no difference in clinical signs among p.o. group. These results indicate that BGT have inhibition effects on allergy and suggest that no observable effect level of the test orally administration was considered to be more than 2 g/kg in mice under the conditions employed in this study.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.1-18
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• 2009

Objective : Moutan Cortex (the root bark of Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.) is widely used in oriental medicine as a remedy for inflammation. However, as yet there is no clear explanation of how MC(Moutan Cortex) affects the production of inflammatory cytokine. This study was to determine the effects of Essence extracted MC on the mast cell-mediated inflammatory responses. Method : We observed the effect of MC on compound 48/80-induced histamine release of rat peritoneal mast cells and the effect of administering MC on PCA in rat. We measured the amount of inflammatory cytokine production induced by the phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) plus calcium ionophore(A23187) in the human mast cell line (HMC-1) incubated with various concentrations of MC. The TNF-$\alpha$ protein levels were analysised by Western blot. The TNF-$\alpha$, IL-6 and IL-8 secreted protein levels were measured by the ELISA assay. The TNF-$\alpha$, IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA levels were measured by the RT-PCR analysis. NF-$\kappa$B, phospho-I$\kappa$B and MAPKs were exmined by Western blot analysis. The NF-$\kappa$B promoter activity was examined by luciferase assay. Result : 1. Enzyme immunoassay indicated that MC suppressed histamine secretion of rat peritoneal mast cells. 2. In PCA dependent on IgE, MC had anti-allergic effect of the internal surface of rat skin. 3. Western blot indicated that MC decreased TNF-$\alpha$ protein levels. 4. ELISA indicated that MC decreased TNF-$\alpha$, IL-6 but MC had no significant effect on IL-8 in HMC-1 cells. 5. RT-PCR indicated that MC decreased TNF-$\alpha$, IL-8 but MC had no significant effect on IL-6 in HMC-l cells. 6. Western blot indicated that MC suppressed the induction of MAPKs, NF-$\kappa$B & phospho-I$\kappa$B activity in HMC-1 cells. 7. Luciferase assay indicated that MC suppressed the PMA plus A23187-induced NF-$\kappa$B promoting activityin HMC-1 cells. Conclusion : In this study, we have found that MC is an inhibitor of NF-$\kappa$B, MAPKs & cytokines on the mast cell-mediated inflammatory responses.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.235-243
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• 2007

Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (AR) is used in traditional oriental medicine for various medicinal purposes. However, the exact mechanism that accounts for the anti-allergy and anti-inflammatory effects of the AR is still not fully understood. The aim of The present study is to elucidate whether and how AR modulates the allergic reactions in vivo, and inflammatory reaction in vitro. In this study, we showed that AR significantly decreased compound 48/80-induced systemic anaphylaxis, paw oedema, and histamine release from preparation of rat peritoneal mast cells. Also, AR inhibited the expression of inflammatory cytokine in PMA plus A23187-stimulated human mast cells (HMC-1). In addition, we showed that anti-inflammatory mechanism of AR is through suppression of nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$ activation $I{\kappa}B-{\alpha}$degradation. These results provided new insight into the pharmacological actions of AR as a potential molecule for therapy of inflammatory allergic diseases.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.447-457
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• 1990

In order to observe the distribution of mast cell on the stages of the mammary carcinogenesis, the numerical changes of mast cells in the mammary tumor development in rats treated with DMBA and compound 48/80 have been investigated by the light microscope. The results observed were summarized as follows: The appearance of tumor were not observed during the whole experimental period in the rats of the control group received injection of sterile saline, but tumors appeared in 100% of the animals, the tumor induction time that represented the number of days elapsing between the 3rd DMBA administration until a first tumor became $10{\times}10mm$ in diameter was $42.5{\pm}4.7$ days and the mean number of tumor masses per rat was $3.4{\pm}1.2$ in the DMBA treated group. And the majority of the DMBA-induced mammary neoplasms were appeared cervical mammary gland and thoracic mammary gland. The histological findings of mammary carcinoma were recognized adenocarcinoma in the DMBA treated group. Mast cells were distributed within the adipose tissues and the interglandular connective tissue in the control, but found to be randomly dispersed within the tumor cell masses, in the connective tissues adjacent to the periphery of the tumor, the adipose tissues and the subcutaneous tissues contiguous to the region of tumor development in the DMBA treated group. Numerical alterations of mast cells were observed in the mammary tumors that separated into three major classes of tumors: hyperplasia, atypical hyperplasia and carcinoma. The number of mast cells were distributed in the connective tissues adjacent to the mammary gland was $45.3{\pm}3.4$ cells in the control group, but was $50.2{\pm}4.9$ cells, $126.7{\pm}10.5$ cells and $340.3{\pm}19.2$ cells according to each stages of mammary tumorigenesis in the DMBA treated group.