• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2011년도 정기총회 및 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.2644-2649
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to propose the modular design of hybrid lightweight carbody structures made of sandwich composites and aluminum extrusion. The sandwich composites were used for secondary structures to minimize the weight of carbody, and the aluminum extrusions were applied to primary structures to improve the stiffness of carbody and manufacturability. Key requirements were defined for the modular design of hybrid carbody, and the applied parts of sandwich composites were determined through the topology optimization analysis. Consequently, feasibility of enhancing mass saving and maintainability in modular hybrid carbody design were presented, comparing with the carbody structures made of aluminum extrusion or sandwich composites only.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.807-815
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• 2004

In order to evaluate the static stability of hybrid carbody structures of Korean Tilting Train eXpress(TTX) caused by degradation of composites under ground environments, T300/AD6005 graphite/epoxy composite specimens were exposed to accelerated environmental conditions including ultraviolet radiation, temperature and moisture fer 2000 hours. It was found that the stiffness and strength of composites after aging were lower than those of unexposed specimens, and decreased as the aging time increases. The values of the degraded properties were used in the static analysis to check the static stability of hybrid carbody structures caused by environmental degradation of composites. The results shown that the structural stability of hybrid carbody structures was affected by the degradation of composites after exposure to accelerated aging environments.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.92-99
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• 2000

Composites are very useful material for light train carbody due to its high specific strength and lightweight characteristics. The composites, called 3-D board, are developed with a special stitching method. In this process, the glass fiber fabrics of skin material and foam core material are stitched together with glass fiber thread. The glass thread in Z-axis turns into FRP form. The conventional delamination problem can be solved with 3-D sandwich structure. In addition, with the lower density of foam, the weight of the panel and the operation expenses can be highly reduced. To evaluate the usefulness of the 3-D board, the double-deck light train carbody is studied. The stress analyses are carried out under various loads and boundary conditions with FEM Code, ANSYS. On comparing with the aluminum carbody, 3-D board carbody can be reduced by about 2 ton for the total weight of carbody.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2010년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.557-563
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• 2010

Mode II interlaminar fracture toughness was measured and fractured surfaces were observed of carbon/epoxy and glass/epoxy woven fabric composites for carbody structure. Woven fabric carbon/epoxy and glass/epoxy composites that made with prepreg and epoxy resin(RS1222) are used in carbody structure of Korean tilting train(TTX) and low floor bus. ENF(End Notched Flexure) specimens having $120mm{\times}20m{\times}5mm$ shape and 35mm initial crack were made with each composites and three point bending tests according to ASTM D790 were conducted for these specimens. Crack lengths in tests were recorded using optical microscope and digital camcorder. NL(Non Linear), 5% offset and Max. load points in load -displacement curves were checked and mode II interlaminar fracture toughness of these points were calculated and compared. Fractured surfaces of specimens were observed using optical microscope and mode II delamination behavior of each composites was discussed.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제36권11호
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• pp.1335-1343
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• 2012

논문은 위상최적화와 치수최적화 해석기법을 이용한 샌드위치 복합재와 알루미늄 압출재로 구성되는 하이브리드 철도차량 차체 구조물의 경량 모듈화 설계에 관한 연구이다. 위상최적설계는 초기설계단계에 차체 구조물의 최적의 재료적용부위를 선정하기 위해 사용되었으며, 치수최적화설계는 하이브리드 차체 구조물의 최적 설계 변수를 찾기 위해 사용되었다. 이때, 최적화해석은 일계법과 부분문제근사법을 사용하였다. 위상최적설계해석을 통해 차체 구조물의 강성 및 제작성을 향상시키기 위한 언더프레임, 로우 사이드 패널 모듈에 1차 부재인 알루미늄 압출재의 적용이 적절하고, 샌드위치 복합재는 무게를 최소화하기 위한 2차 부재로서 루프 및 미들 사이드 패널 모듈에 적용이 적합하다는 결론을 얻었다. 또한, 알루미늄 압출재와 샌드위치 복합재로 구성되는 하이브리드 차체 구조물의 무게는 샌드위치 복합재로만 만들어진 차체 구조물과 비교하여 최대 17.7%까지의 경량화 효과를 얻을 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.403-408
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• 2005

This research presents the manufacturing process and the structural strength assessment for the hybrid composite carbody. In this study, the manufacturing process for carbody with length of 23m was explained. The composite carbody was fabricated as one body using autoclave with length of 30m and 5m diameter. The structural behavior of the carbody under the 3-point supporting and the natural frequency were evaluated as well. In addition, the test results were compared with the numerical one. From the tests, the structural strength of the hybrid composite carbody was assessed.

• 한국복합재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국복합재료학회 2005년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.256-259
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• 2005

Mixed-mode interlaminar fracture toughness of carbon fabric/epoxy composites, which are applicable to tilting train carbody, was evaluated through the MMB (Mixed-mode bending) test. Specimens were made of CF3327 plain woven fabric with epoxy and a starter delamination at one end was made by inserting Teflon film with the thickness of 12.5 μ m. Mixed-mode interlaminar fracture test was conducted for 6 types of specimens with the mode II ratio of 20 ,35, 50, 65, 80, 90%. Also crack propagating behaviors and fractured surfaces were examined through an optical travelling scope and a scanning electron microscope, respectively.

• Composites Research
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2019

본 논문의 목적은 소재대체법과 치수최적화 기법을 이용한 2층 고속열차 알루미늄 압출재 차체의 경량 설계를 제시하는 것이다. 소재대체법을 수행하기 위해 위상최적화 기법을 이용하여 차체 구조물의 샌드위치 복합재 적용 부위를 결정하였다. 해석결과, 루프와 2층 언더프레임에 샌드위치 복합재가 적용 가능함을 보여주었다. 치수최적화는 알루미늄 압출재와 카본/에폭시 복합재의 두께를 결정하는데 사용되었다. 치수최적화를 수행하기 위해, 설계변수, 제약조건, 목적함수를 정식화 하였으며 이러한 조건에 의해 유효설계를 도출하였다. 경량 설계의 결과로 2층 고속열차 하이브리드 차체의 무게를 2.18 ton(17.70%)까지 줄일 수 있음을 보여주었다.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.195-201
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• 2005

Mode II interlaminar fracture behaviors of carbon fabric/epoxy composites, which are applicable to tilting train carbodies, was investigated by the ENF (End notched flexure) test. The specimens were made of CF3327 plain woven fabric with epoxy and a starter delamination at one end was made by inserting Teflon film with the thickness of 12.5$mu$m or 25.0$mu$m. The equation for mode II interlaminar fracture toughness was suggested based on the effective crack length from the compliance of load-displacement curve. Mode II interlaminar fracture toughness was evaluated for several types of the specimens. Also crack propagating behaviors and fracture surfaces were examined through an optical travelling scope and a scanning electron microscope.

• Composites Research
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.18-28
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• 2004

섬유강화 적층 복합재 차체 구조물의 강도를 평가하기 위해 전체 적층판 접근방법의 적용을 제시하였다. 180km/h급의 한국형 틸팅열차의 하이브리드 복합재 자체 기본설계를 검증하기 위해서 구조해석을 수행하였으며 또한 복합재 적층판의 강도를 구하기 위해 기계적 물성시험을 수행하였다. 결과적으로, 한국형 틸팅열차의 복합재 자체 구조물에서 발생하는 응력값들은 모두 파손영역의 안전한 범위 내에 존재하였으며 전체 적층판 접근방법은 초기 기본석계 단계에서 하이브리드 복합재 자체 구조물의 파손을 예측하는데 매우 유용함을 증명하였다.