• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.147-156
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• 2022

In this paper, we propose Time-Division-Multiplexing Tertiary Offset Carrier (TDMTOC), a novel GNSS modulation based on Tertiary Offset Carrier (TOC) modulation. The TDMTOC modulation multiplexes two three-level signals (i.e., -1, 0, and 1) while crossing over time, and is a type of TOC modulation designed specifically for signal multiplexing. The proposed modulation generates TDMTOC subcarriers of two different phases by simply combining two Binary Offset Carrier (BOC) subcarriers by addition or subtraction. TDMTOC has better correlation and spectral properties than conventional BPSK, BOC, and MBOC modulation techniques, and has good power and spectral efficiency since it can multiplex signals without power loss similar to time division multiplexing. To prove this, we introduce the multiplexing process of TDMTOC, and compare TDMTOC with Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK), BOC, Composite BOC (CBOC), and Time Multiplexed BOC (TMBOC) that are currently serviced in GNSS by simulations of various aspects. Through the simulation results, we prove that TDMTOC has better correlation property than modulations currently used in GNSS, less intersystem interference due to its wide spectrum property, and robustness in multipath and noise channel environments.

• Rapid Communication in Photoscience
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.82-84
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• 2013

We fabricated dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) with $TiO_2$ nanowire (NW)/nanoparticle (NP) composite and solidified nanogel as the photoelectrode and electrolyte, respectively. $TiO_2$ NWs were generated via pore-infiltration of titanium (IV) isopropoxide (TTIP) into a track-etched polycarbonate membrane with a pore diameter of 100 nm, followed by calcination at $500^{\circ}C$. Energy conversion efficiency of $TiO_2$ NW/NP-based DSSCs was always higher than that of NP-based cells. We attributed this to improved light scattering and electron transport by $TiO_2$ NWs, as verified by intensity modulation photocurrent spectroscopy (IMPS) and intensity modulation photovoltage spectroscopy (IMVS) analyses. Quasi-solid-state DSSCs with NW/NP composites exhibited 5.0% efficiency at 100 $mW/cm^2$, which was much greater than that of NP-based cells (3.2%).

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2005년도 봄학술 발표회 논문집(II)
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• pp.313-316
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• 2005

In the recent design of high ductile fiber-reinforced cementitious composite ECC, which exhibits tensile strain-hardening behavior in the hardened state, optimizing both processing mechanical properties for specific applications is critical. This study introduced a method to develop useful ECCs in field, which possess the different fluid properties to facilitate diverse types of processing (i.e., self-consolidating or spray processing). Control of rheological modulation was regarded as a key factor to allow the performance of the desired processing, while retaining the ductile material properties. To control the rheological properties of the composite, we first determined basic ECC compositon, which is based on micromechanics and steady-state cracking theory. The stability and consequent viscosity of suspensions were, then, mediated by optimizing dosages of chemical and mineral admixtures. The rheological properties altered by this approach were revealed to be effective in obtaining ECC hardened properties, allowing us to readily achieve the desired function of the fresh ECC.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.92-96
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 CRLH 구조의 대역통과여파기를 이용하여 선형성이 개선된 전력증폭기를 구현하였다. CRLH 구조를 이용한 대역통과여파기외 구조는 윗변에는 인터디지트 형태의 신호선으로, 아랫면에는 CSRR 형태의 구조로 이루어져 있으며 via를 통해 윗면과 아랫면이 연결되어 있다. 전력증폭기의 동작대역에서 손실을 최소화하고 CRLH 전송 선로를 이용하여 2차 고조파 성분을 제한시켜서 전력증폭기의 선형성을 개선하였다. 2.l4GHz에서 동작하는 전력증폭기의 측정된 출력 전력은 33dBm 기준으로 2차 고조파는 -53.527 dBc, 3차 혼변조 신호는 -36.16 dBc, 부가전력효율은 33.14% 가 측정되었으며, 이는 기존의 전력증폭기에 비해 2차 고조파는 약 16 dB, 3차 혼변조 신호는 약 12 dB 개선되었다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 학술대회 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.475-477
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• 2005

We simulated 3rd order intermodulation distortion (IMD3) induced Carrier-to-Intermodulation Ratio (CIR) of laser diodes over a wide range of optical modulation index, and compared the results with commercial IMD3 induced CIR specification such as Composite Triple Beat (CTB) of DFB laser transmitter for CATV networks. It shows that the simulation results are in good agreement with the CATV CTB specification within 3dB margin. The results can be used to predict IMD3 induced CIR performance for various analog optical transmission systems with given optical modulation index and the number of transmission channels.

• 전자공학회논문지B
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• 제30B권4호
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• pp.44-55
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• 1993

In this paper, we proposed a new optical method for the efficient recognition of Korean characters. There are six filters in the proposed method which employed the concepts of amplitude-modulated phase-only filter(AMPOF) and spatial frequency modulation(SFM). Here, amplitude modulation is used to achieve improved correlation discrimination and SFM is to reduce the number of filters. We also used a simplified synthetic discriminant function(SDF) for distortion invariance of input image. In order to recognize the partial rotation invariant Korean characters, the proposed distortion invariant minimum average correlation energy (MACE) filter is synthesized SFM, partial rotation invariant filter (PRIF), AMPOF and MACE for partial rotation invariance in the frequency domain. The advantage of the proposed filters is to supress the sidelobes of cross correlation peak away from the autocorrelation peak and to produce sharp correlation peaks. We performed simulation and optical experiment for some of Korea characters using the proposed method. The results show that the proposed method has more improved discriminant ability and reduced processing time than the conventional methods.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.1456-1467
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• 2015

This paper presents a novel close-loop control scheme based on small signal modeling and weighted composite voltage feedback for a three-phase input and single-phase output Matrix Converter (3-1MC). A small non-polar capacitor is employed as the decoupling unit. The composite voltage weighted by the load voltage and the decoupling unit voltage is used as the feedback value for the voltage controller. Together with the current loop, the dual-loop control is implemented in the 3-1MC. In this paper, the weighted composite voltage expression is derived based on the sinusoidal pulse-width modulation (SPWM) strategy. The switch functions of the 3-1MC are deduced, and the average signal model and small signal model are built. Furthermore, the stability and dynamic performance of the 3-1MC are studied, and simulation and experiment studies are executed. The results show that the control method is effective and feasible. They also show that the design is reasonable and that the operating performance of the 3-1MC is good.

• 정보학연구
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2002

본 연구는 저압 전력선에서의 데이터 통신에 적합한 변조 방식으로 주목받고 있는 다중 반송 변조의 일종인 OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)의 변조를 실험하고, 이들 데이터를 전달 할 매체인 전력선을 채널 모델링 하였다. 전력선은 각종 전자기기에 의해 분기 연결되어 지연 전파의 경우와 임펄스성 잡음원이 존재하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 반송 주파수와 전력선의 길이에 의해 주파수 선택적 페이딩이 발생함을 알 수 있다.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.285-292
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 복합 전자파 간섭환경의 해석 모델을 제안하였고, 복합 간섭파는 임펄스,사인파, 구형파 형태의 3가지 종류로 구성하였다. 또한 , 복합 간섭파 진폭의 확률밀도함수를 유도하였다. 그리고 유도된 확률밀고 함수를 이용하여 복합 전자 간섭 환경에서 16QAM 시스템의 성능을 구하였다. 얻어진 결과로부터 임펄스 형태의 간섭이 다른 간섭 성분에 비하여 약할 경우에는 확률밀도함수의 형태가 사이파나 구형파 형태 간섭의 전력 성분에 의하여 지배를 받음을 알 수 있었다. 반면에 임펄스 형태의 간섭이 강할 경우에는 다른 2개의 간섭 성분의 영향은 지배적이지 않음을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 임펄스 형태의 간섭에서 임펄스 지수(A)와 평균 전력 성분비($\Gamma$')가 적을수록 16QAM 시스템의 성능은 열화됨을 알 수 있었다.

• 전자공학회논문지D
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• 제36D권6호
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• pp.87-96
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• 1999

협대역 마이크로파 아날로그 광전송을 위한, 이중 변조구조를 이용한 새로운 전광 전계흡수 광변조기의 선형화 방법이 제안되었으며, 이론적으로 고찰되었다. 주-변조기와 소자 길이, 흡수층의 밴드갭 파장 그리고 DC 바이어스 전압을 달리하는 부-변조기의 주-변조기와의 이중 변조구조를 적용하여, 주-변조기의 3차 비선형 왜곡 성분인 CTB(composite triple beat distortion)를 최소화하는 동작점이 작은 바이어스전압으로 이동함과 더불어 ~30dB의 CYB의 억제효과를 얻을 수 있었다. CTB의 억제에 따라 협대역 채널 대역에서의 ~20dB 동작영역의 향상을 이룰 수 있었다.