• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.1015-1026
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• 2005

The southeastern coastal area of the Korean peninsula has a complex terrain including an irregular coastline and moderately high mountains. This implies that mesoscale circulations such as mountain-valley breeze and land-sea breeze can play an important role in wind field and ocean forcing. In this study, to improve the accuracy of complex coastal rind field(surface wind and sea surface wind), we carried out the sensitivity experiments based on PBL schemes in PSU/NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5), which is being used in the operational system at Korea Meteorological Administration. Four widely used PBL parameterization schemes in sensitivity experiments were chosen: Medium-Range Forecast (MRF), High-resolution Blackadar, Eta, and Gayno-Seaman scheme. Thereafter, case(2004. 8. 26 - 8. 27) of weak-gradient flows was simulated, and the time series and the vertical profiles of the simulated wind speed and wind direction were compared with those of hourly surface observations (AWS, BUOY) and QuikSCAT data. In the simulated results, the strength of rind speed of all schemes was overestimated in complex coastal regions, while that of about four different schemes was underestimated in islands and over the sea. Sea surface wind using the Eta scheme showed the highest wind speed over the sea and its distribution was similar to the observational data. Horizontal distribution of the simulated wind direction was very similar to that of real observational data in case of all schemes. Simulated and observed vertical distribution of wind field was also similar under boundary layer(about 1 km), however the simulated wind speed was underestimated in upper layer.

• 한국컴퓨터그래픽스학회논문지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.11-17
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• 2008

많은 수치 정점 정보를 사용하지 않는 대신 기하의 높이 정보를 저장한 높이 맵을 사용하여 복잡한 표면을 표현하는 기법은 많이 연구되어 왔다. 하지만 단층으로 구성된 높이 맵은 표면으로부터의 각 위치 당 한 개의 높이 정보를 저장하고 있으므로 복잡하고 오목한 물체를 표현할 수 없다. 이 논문에서는 다층으로 구성된 높이 맵을 사용하여 단일 높이 정보로는 재구성할 수 없는 복잡한 물체를 정확하게 그리는 방법에 대하여 소개한다. 우리는 그리고자 하는 장면의 높이 값을 텍스처의 각 채널에 높이에 따라 순차적으로 저장한 다층 높이 맵의 높이 정보가 2채널 마다 쌍을 이루며 기하 블록을 구성하는 점에 착안하였다. 안전하고 정확한 광선 탐색은 다증 높이 맵의 1, 3번 째 채널은 높이의 최대값을 2, 4번 째 채널은 높이의 최소값을 사용하여 이미지 피라미드를 구성함으로써 이루어진다. 이런 구조에서의 광선 탐색은 선형 탐색에 기반 한 기존의 방식들이 스침각에서 화질이 현저히 낮아지는 문제를 개선하였으며 실시간에서 표현이 가능하다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.180-188
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• 1974

Layer silicate 에 지지된 陽이온상에서의 일어난 acetaldehyde, acrolein, 그리고 crotonaldehyde의 吸着機構에 對하여 IR과 X-ray로서 硏究하였다. $1720∼1580㎝^{-1}$의 범위에서 일어난 4個의 특성적인 吸捉 band를 分析한 結果 $130㎝^{-1}$程度로 shift한 carbonyl band 는 >C=O${\cdots}$M형 complex 形成에 基因하는 것이었고, acetaldehyde는 $1722㎝^{-1}$에서, 다른 알데히드는 $1690㎝^{-1}$에서 sharp하게 나타난 carbonyl band는 >C=O와 surface -O-H와의 interaction에서 일어난 것이었다. 그리고 1710∼1660㎝-1에서 나타난 broad한 band는 >C=O와 陽이온 -O-H와의 사이에 일어난 水素結合에 依한 것이었다. 그리고 $1640∼1660㎝^{-1}$사이에 나타난 弱한 band는 carbonyl group 의 强한 吸着에 依하여 誤起된 >C=C< 二重結合에 依한 것이었다. 이 사실들은 X-ray 廻折에 依하여 다시 確認하였다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.220-221
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• 1987

• 연구논문집
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• 통권33호
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• pp.175-182
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• 2003

In this study, the wear resistance of the complex powder diffusion treated KS STD 61 has been investigatived. KS STD 61 tool steel was pretreated in quenching and tempering processes to obtain the tempered martensitic microstructure. The samples were packed with complex powder in steel pot($\Phi$90x60mm) and heated in a box furnace. the complex powder diffusion treatment are carried out at $540^{\circ}C$, $520^{\circ}C$, $500^{\circ}C$ for 40min, 1.5hr and 2.5hr. The microstructure, microhardness, wear resistance, and coating layer thickness of the complex powder diffusion treated samples were investigation. The weight loss of as heat treated sample was 0.4mg and that of the complex powder treated at $540^{\circ}C$ for 2.5hr was 0.17mg. These result means that the wear resistance of tool steels can be easily improved by the powder diffusion process at conventional tempering treatment temperature.

• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국실내디자인학회 2006년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.125-128
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• 2006

In the history of space design, the concept and application of Multi-Layer can be easily found in various projects. As life styles in the contemporary cities are becoming more and more complex and inter-related to each other, the concept of multi-layer is re-considered In terms of constructing differentiated life patterns as well as multi programs within certain physical buildings or designs. This study aims to analyze the brief history of multi-layer in space design and the contemporary applications in recent architectural as well as interior design projects. It is concluded that the concept of multi layer is not only useful for constructing an interesting spatial organizations, but can also be a vital tool for re-organizing the contemporary urban programs that cannot be considered with the preconceived existing terms.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.9-24
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• 1999

We describe a heterogeneous simulation framework, so called DEVS-HLA, in which conventional simulation models and the DEVS (Discrete Event System Specification) models are interoperable. DEVS-HLA conceptually consists of three layers: model layer, DEVS BUS layer, and HLA (High Level Architecture) layer. The model layer has a collection of heterogeneous simulation models, such as DEVS, CSIM, SLAM, and so on, to represent various aspects of a complex system. The DEVS BUS layer provides a virtual software bus, DEVS BUS, so that such simulation models can communicate with each other. Finally, the HLA layer is employed as a communication infrastructure, which supports several good features for distributed simulation. The DEVS BUS has been implemented on the HLA/RTI (Run-Time Infrastructure) and a simple example of a flexible manufacturing system has been developed to validate the DEVS-HLA.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2005년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.936-941
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• 2005

Apartment building floor with a damping layer can be modeled as a sandwich plate. In order to reduce low frequency noise more efficiently due to heavy impact on such a floor, thickness of the damping layer needs to be optimized at the design stage. Modal loss factors are determined in this paper by RKU equation which is popular In sandwich plate theories. Optimum damping layer thickness determined at each mode is weighted so that several modes in the frequency range of interest can be included in a more systematic way. Furthermore, to reflect frequency-dependent characteristics of complex stiffness of the damping layer, an iteration method is proposed in finding modal frequencies.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.49-54
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• 2017

Purpose: Temperature in urban areas increase much more than suburban areas and it is called urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon. There are several solutions to control UHI phenomenon such as green roof system, water space construction, and cool roof system. However, application of green roof system and cool roof system to some of the buildings which compose the city has a critical limit. Therefore, in order to diminish the temperature rising and UHI phenomenon due to climate change of the city, it needs to approach from the viewpoint of site or city, rather than the viewpoint of individual buildings. This study is aims at analyzing UHI phenomenon by characteristics of surface materials and suggesting the solutions to reduce UHI phenomenon by types of complex. Method: Literature reviews were conducted to analyze the cause, mitigating plan, and recent trends of UHI phenomenon. For the simulation analysis, the type of complex was classified 3 representative complex. Based on measured reflectivity, simulation about UHI phenomenon was conducted by setting 4 strategies; albedo of roof, road pavement, green roof system, and vegetating around buildings. Result: As the results of simulating the UHI reduction factor by types of complex, it showed that the effect of temperature reduction on the building roof layer is more effective than adjusting the reflectivity of buildings such as green roof system, planting near the buildings in both the detached house complex, apartment complex, and commercial complex.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.39-44
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• 1989

(N-docosyl pyridinium)-TCNQ(1:1) complex was synthesized by reacting N-docosyl pyridinium bromide and LiTCNQ. This complex was investigated and confirmed by elemental analysis. U.V, I.R spectra. A stability to the dispersion solvent, which is acetonitrile, dichloromethane, benzene, chloroform and acetonitrile-benzene (1:1, V/V) of (N-docosyl pyridinium)-TCNQ(1:1) complex was investigated by U. V spectrophotometer and was confirmed stabilized on acetonitrile, benzene and acetonitrile-benzene(1:1'V/V) for 7 hours. Using ultra pure water as subphase for L-B film deposition, the Y-type L-B film of (N-docosyl pyridinium)-TCNQ(1:1) complex was farbricated. The electrical conductivities on a perpendicular direction of the L-B film were measured to be $5{\times}10^{-5}{\sim}5{\times}10^{-14}$S/cm according to the number of layer.