• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.127-133
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• 2008

Safety accident resulting from construction projects getting larger and complex day by day has occurred more often than ever. Particularly, the accident caused by construction equipment, among others, has been on the rise. To prevent such accidents, it's necessary to come up with the measures for reducing the accident. In this study, the cause of safety accidents was analyzed, reviewing the cases of safety accident maintained by Korea Occupational Safety & Health Agency, and the measures for reducing the accident was suggested with computerized safety checklist. The scope of study was limited to excavator, and the result is summarized as below. 1) Investigation was conducted to identify the cases of accident by excavator with the primary causes. 2) Reduction measures were suggested by category of cause of excavator-caused accident. 3) Checklist to prevent the safety accident, which was based on primary causes, was suggested. 4) The measures to stir up safety consciousness and monitor the safety were suggested, making use of computerized system. This study is expected to lay the foundation for further study in future as well as make a great commitment to reducing the safety accident.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.515-523
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• 2018

Objectives: Based on the results of a chemical substance emissions survey, we investigated characteristics of chemical emissions in industrial complexes and used them as basic data for chemical management. Methods: The emissions and characteristics of chemicals by major industrial complexes from 2011 to 2015 were analyzed using the Pollutant Release and Transfer Register homepage. To understand the status of chemical accidents for major chemicals emitted from the industrial complexes, the Chemistry Safety Clearing-house system of the National Institute of Chemical Safety was used. Results: Emissions from the top five industrial complexes accounted for about 30% of total chemical emissions. The chemical emission was the highest in the order of Ulsan Mipo Industrial Complex and Okpo Industrial Complex. The main chemicals emitted were xylene, ethylbenzene, ethyl acetate, toluene, dichloromethane, and others. Carcinogen emissions differed by industrial complex, but ethylbenzene and dichloromethane were the major chemicals for this type of emissions. Conclusion: Recently, the use and emission of chemicals have been continuously increasing. A chemical management plan should be prepared considering the characteristics of industrial complexes and chemical substance emissions.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.485-498
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• 2017

Objective: This study aims to survey and compare three systemic accident investigation techniques of Accimap, STAMP and FRAM, based on the application studies of the Sewol ferry accident. Background: Traditional accident investigation methods such as domino models, FTA, etc. work well for losses caused by physical component failures or actions of human in relatively simple systems, but are unable to depict mechanisms generating errors and violations in the current complex socio-technical systems. For better understanding the structure and behavior of the socio-technical systems, systemic techniques have been developed and used. Method: This study was mainly based on survey of literatures through surfing webpages of ScienceDirect and Google, and ergonomics relevant journals. The key words of Sewol, Sewol ferry, Sewol ferry accident, etc. were used in the survey. Results: Three systemic accident investigation methods included similar actors in the Sewol ferry accident including government, Ministry of Ocean and Fisheries, Korean Coast Guard, Korean Register of Shipping, Korea Shipping Association, Chonghaejin Marine Company, crew members. The methods graphically represented each level's failures or performance variabilities of relevant functions and relationships between them. It was shown that the systemic methods consider the entire system, ranging from the environment in which the accident occurred, to the role of government in shaping the system of work. Each method has its own comparative pros and cons, but the Accimap has advantages in terms of time of analysis, data required, model complexity and degree of comprehensiveness. Conclusion: This study reviewed and compared three systemic accident investigation methods, which showed that there are systemic characteristics and pros and cons in the methods. Application: The results would be used as a guideline when selecting accident investigation methods.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제36권5_4호
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• pp.1255-1266
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 화학사고에 따른 인명피해 저감을 위해서 신속하고 정확한 화학물질 확산 범위 예측을 위한 복합시뮬레이션 프로토타입을 개발하였다. 복합시뮬레이션은 화학물질의 누출 특성을 고려하고자 근거리 확산과정에서 누출 운동량을 고려하였다. 원거리 확산과정에서는 사고지점 주변의 기상 및 지형정보를 이용하여 획일적으로 제시되었던 기존 모델의 바람 분포를 개선하여 실제와 유사한 바람장을 구현하였다. 개선된 근·원거리 확산과정에 따라 최종적으로 피해확산 범위는 기존의 모델에 비해서 정밀한 분포를 나타냈다. 본 연구에서 개발된 복합시뮬레이션의 시간대별 피해 범위 예측 결과 통해서 화학사고 발생 후 주민 대피 및 복귀 등 정책적 의사결정의 지원시스템으로서 활용도가 높을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국항해학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.33-47
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• 1994

On developing port system, the performance tests of system in relation to ship maneuver generally consists of the three parts: the channel transit, the manoeuvring in a turning basin and the docking/undocking. The quantifications of risk of an accident has priviously been difficult due to the low occurrence of accidents relative to the number of transits. Additionally, accident statistics could not be related port system because of the large number of factors contributing to the accident. such as human error, equipment failure, visibility, light, traffic. etc. In case of the channel transit, "Relative Risk Factor(RRF)" or "Relative Risk Factor for Meeting Traffic" was proposed as the as the measures derived to quantify the relative risk of accident by M.W.Smith. This factor measure the tracking performance, the turning performance and the passing performance at meeting traffic. On the other hand, the safety of berthing maneuver is not measured with a few evaluating factors as controlled due to complex controllabilites such as steering, engine, side thrusters or tugs. This work, therefore, aims to propose the evaluating measure by the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP). Six experimental scenarios were establised under the various environmental conditions as independent variables. In every simulation, the difficulty of maneuver was scored by captain and compared with AHP scores. The results show almost same and from which the weights of eight evaluating factors could be fixed. Additionally, the limit value of relative factor in berthing safety to six scenarios could be estimated to 0.11.e estimated to 0.11.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.188-205
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• 2023

Objectives: Methanol poisoning accidents in smartphone parts manufacturing facilities were analyzed using a systemic accident analysis method, and the necessity and possibility of the application of this systemic method in the field of occupational health were reviewed. Methods: A STAMP model for accident analysis was created based on the previously published literature. CAST analysis was performed to find the causal factors of the components and between the components. Results: The STAMP model visually showed the abstract and complex system control structure. The CAST analysis results could include all the causal factors from the previously published literature, and presented them holistically. Additional causal factors that were not presented in the literature were found. Conclusions: The holistic accident analysis results in this study will be helpful to establish comprehensive measures to prevent methanol or other chemical poisoning accidents. Therefore, it will be necessary to use systemic accident analysis methods in the field of occupational health.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.88-93
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• 2003

The Process Safety Management (PSM) by the Law of Industry, Safety and Health has been performed for preventing major accidents of chemical plants since 1996. In terms of preventing chemical accidents more precisely, it is essential to develop a tool for quantitative risk assessment. For this, KOSHA (Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency) developed an Integrated Risk Management System (IRMS). The system is designed to assimilate data on chemical plant hazards from external database, to integrate these data with location information(topographic and demographic), and to make them user-friendly accessible. The system consists of several main functions: display of five major Korean petrochemical complex layout display of equipment layout with its information utilizing the external database, zonation of the hazard effected area with consequence analyses, the most probable accident scenario generation, accident/incident database and calculation of frequency of accident using equipment reliability database, etc. The highlight of IRMS is to provide the risk contours using GIS(Geographical Information System) technology. IRMS is intended to manage hazardous installation more systematically and effectively, to reduce the number of accident remarkably, further minimizing production loss in the plant. The system is now under application to about 500 PSM sites as well as and emergency authorities in Korea by KOSHA (Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency)

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.146-160
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• 2023

연구목적: 건설업은 복합공정이 동시에 진행되는 복잡한 메커니즘으로 사고 발생 빈도 와 강도가 다른 산업보다 높은 비중을 차지하고 있으며, 사고 사망만인율 또한 전 산업의 50% 이상 차지하고 있다. 이런 사고 감소를 위해 정부의 재해조사 방법에 대해 시스템 안전 관점에서 한계를 분석하여 개선방안을 제시하고자 한다. 연구방법: 정부의 중대 재해조사에 대한 주요 내용을 파악하고, 시스템 안전 관점에서 효과성/타당성을 분석하였다. 연구결과: 법규 위반 및 준수에 맞춰진 재해조사 및 분석기법은 근원적인 해결방안을 제시하기에 한계가 있었으며, 안전 제약, 제어, 계층별 상호작용을 접목할 때 시스템 전체의 구성 요소별로 사고 예방을 위한 대안 제시가 가능했다. 결론:현재의 사고분석 방법에서 시스템 안전 관점의 재해조사 및 분석 방법을 접목할 때 계층별 상호작용의 문제점과 의사소통 과정의 문제점을 확인할 수 있어 통합적 관점에서 사고 예방을 위한 대안 제시가 가능하다.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.5-10
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• 2010

Both the accuracy and stability of the clock get from the GPS receiver are considered in the range of pps. And we verified the system clock stability of a micro-controller system using the pps pulse supplied by the GPS receiver. In complex system of digital processing, the rack of precise timing signal may cause the serious problem or breakdown accident. To get rid of these undesirable problems, we introduced VCXO circuit to a micro-controller system to preserve high accurate clock stability.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.31-38
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• 1999

원자력시설의 사고시 신속한 방재대책 결정지원 체계를 수립하기 위하여 실시간 방사선 피폭해석 시스템(FADAS : Following Accident Dose Assessment System)을 개발하였다. 개발된 시스템의 정확도 향상 및 국내 부지 특성자료의 모수화를 위하여 복잡한 지형상에 위치한 영광 원자력발전소 주변에서 야외 확산실험이 수행되었다. 확산실험을 통하여 얻어진 바람의 평균 및 난류장 성분은 부지 특성별 변수로 실시간 방사선 피폭해석 시스템에 반영되었다. 확산모형의 계산결과와 실험을 통하여 관측된 추적자 가스의 농도분포를 상호 비교한 바 어느 정도 일치하고 있었다. 개발된 시스템은 현재 구축중인 국가 규모의 비상대응지원체제에 기본 모듈로서 활용 중에 있으며 지속적인 확산실험을 통하여 부지 특성 변수들이 반영된 확산모형을 개선할 예정이다.